40d:Trading

Trade depot
	b-D
Job Requirement
	1 of: Broker noble; None (See description);
Construction
3 of Block; Metal bar; Stone; Wood;	Architecture; and 1 of: Metalsmithing; Masonry; Carpentry; ;
Purpose
	Trade goods with other races.

Trading in Dwarf Fortress first occurs in the first autumn after establishing your fortress, with the arrival of the Dwarven caravan. Trading is a good way to acquire resources that are not available or are rare in the local area. It also allows for more freedom in selecting starting gear, because items can always be obtained through trade later, e.g. one can drop the expensive anvil to bring 500 extra units of booze or purchase additional skills for the expedition party. New players can look here for advice on trading with the first caravan.

Trade Depot

Building a Trade Depot (b - D) will allow you the opportunity to trade with caravans that arrive at your fortress. Trade depots can be created from almost any material, and construction requires the Architecture skill along with the appropriate craft labor (Carpentry, Masonry, or Metalsmithing).

While it may be convenient to build a Trade Depot outside first, it is usually a good idea to move it inside or build fortifications around it to protect caravans and your goods from thieves and goblins.

Hit q to bring up the building interaction mode, and then move your cursor over the Trade Depot to gain access to the following options.

Move Goods to/from Depot

g: This command becomes active when a caravan arrives on your map. Choosing items from this menu will mark them as [PENDING] and dwarves will begin moving them to the depot (all dwarves regardless of labor settings will move goods to the depot when necessary). Items that have been brought to the depot are ready for trade and will be marked as [TRADING]. Items nominated for trading will remain at the depot until the caravan leaves, or the [PENDING] / [TRADING] flag is cleared by choosing the item again. Once no longer required at the depot, items will be available for use or hauling to stockpiles as normal.

No trader needed at depot or Trader requested at depot

r: This requests a dwarf to come to the depot. To conduct trades with caravans, a trader must be present at the Trade Depot. Once requested, a dwarf will make their way to the depot, and remain there until released with this setting, or the dwarf decides to drink, sleep, or eat.

Only broker may trade or Anyone may trade

b: This setting determines who will perform the trade. If Only broker may trade is active, then only the Broker noble will respond to the trader request. This can become a problem when the broker is sleeping or otherwise occupied, but dwarves with low Broker skills will receive poorer deals when trading.

Trade

t: This option becomes available once the caravan and your broker are both at the depot. It begins trading.

Trading

Suggested trading procedure


		Arrive at fortress location



Create goods			Build Trade Depot

			Check depot is accessible

			Wait for caravan





Set goods to be traded		Wait for caravan to arrive at depot and merchants to finish unloading	Wait for the diplomat (if any) to reach your leader

Wait for goods to be hauled			Turn your leader's labors off so they don't get distracted


				Conduct meetings with the diplomat
Request trader at depot

Turn your trader's labors off so they don't get distracted

	Trade



		Turn trader's and leader's labors back on

		Retrieve bins from depot to reuse

After entering the trade menu, select the items to offer from the right, and the desired items from the left. All caravans have a weight limit which cannot be exceeded, and the allowed additional weight is displayed in the lower right corner. If the acting broker has at least Novice or better Appraisal skill, the value of all items will be displayed. Once the proposal is ready, press t to make an offer, but merchants will not agree unless they make adequate profit. Be sure to use trade, not offer o, as this will make a gift of the selected items. The amount of acceptable profit is determined by the broker's skills and the merchant's mood, described below. Merchants may attempt to propose counteroffers if they do not accept the proposal, which can then be accepted, rejected, or further amended by the broker.

A good rule of thumb for inexperienced brokers is to give merchants a 50% or better profit. For example, if the desired goods are worth 500☼, make sure their profit is at least 250☼ (which would make the total worth of the offered goods 750☼). This should ensure that the merchants are happy with the trading and that they accept the trade immediately without making ridiculous counteroffers. With more experienced brokers or pleased merchants, even marginally profitable trades can be successful, and counteroffers can be rejected safely, offering the same trade again.

Trading cue colors

Items in brown have been specifically brought to the depot for trading.
Items in white are among the items you can trade away, but which were not part of your original trading criterias. A common example is when you desire to trade crafts, which share bins with clothes.
Items in purple are under a no-export mandate and should not be traded away unless exceptional circumstances (or masochism) push you to do this.

Merchant mood

If your broker has Novice or better Judge of Intent skill, there will be a line added below the merchant's dialogue describing the caravan's attitude. Their attitude rises with successful trades (especially if they get lots of profit) and falls when you propose deals they don't like.

(trader) seems ecstatic with the trading
(trader) seems very happy about the trading
(trader) seems pleased with the trading
(trader) seems willing to trade (Default, at least for humans)
(trader) seems to be rapidly losing patience
(trader) is not going to take much more of this
(trader) is unwilling to trade

The happier you make a merchant, the less profit margin he will demand in a trade. If merchants reach the lowest level, no further trade will be possible, and they will immediately pack up and leave your depot. Since annoyed traders are more likely to reject deals, you should be generous in initial negotiations. Skilled negotiators seem less likely to offend traders with unsuccessful deals.

Seizing items

Pressing s from the trade menu will seize the selected items of the merchant's. If you seize goods from a caravan, the merchant will respond "Take what you want. I can't stop you." and then leave immediately without the seized goods. Items cannot be seized from the dwarven caravan, and other races will not buy stolen goods (marked in red) unless they are tricked into asking for them via counteroffer, or the items are "naturalized" by decoration or used to create other goods. Seizing goods will hurt diplomatic relations, but is not grounds for an automatic siege.

As a side note, if you remove your trade depot, all the caravan's items will drop to the ground, to be readily hauled away by your dwarves. This does not mark the item as stolen, and the caravan will leave.

Offering items

o You can also give away items, as gifts to the leaders of the civilization you are trading with. This presumably helps relations between yourself and the other faction. The exact effects are unknown but it is believed that offering goods increases the quantity and variety of trade goods brought by next year's caravan. Also the King may require offerings before his arrival.

Caravans

Each friendly race will send a caravan once per year, but only if that race considers the fortress site accessible (as denoted on the embark screen). The exception is dwarves, who always arrive. Caravans appear to enter the map from a random direction which does not coincide with the relative direction of the originating civilization, and they may appear from different directions or z-levels each year. Caravans may leave without trading if it takes too long to reach the trade depot, and they cannot use stairs.

Wagons

A depot in the fortress, with a narrow, trapped accessway.

Composite image of depot access screen. Strategically arranged walls and natural obstacles (boulders) force wagons to enter and exit the map immediately to the east of the depot.

All races except elves will send wagons with their caravans, which have a much greater capacity for bringing foreign imports and accepting dwarven exports. Unfortunately, wagons require paths that are three tiles wide to pass. Wagons may enter the map in a location different from merchants with pack animals, if the point the animals entered was inaccessible to the wagons. If wagons are unable to find an open path to your trade depot (or if you have not built a depot at all), they will bypass your site and you will only be able to trade for what is available on the pack animals.

Wagons cannot cross stairs or doors (even if the doors span an area ordinarily wide enough for the wagon to pass). Obstructing boulders must be smoothed ( d - s ), and trees must be cut down ( d - t ). Shrubs do not obstruct wagons, and neither do ramps, bridges, roads, or floor tiles. (However, ramps covered by a hatch do obstruct.) The impassable tiles of workshops and other buildings will obstruct, but the passable tiles of those buildings will not. Any buildings which are normally passable, including restraints and traps, will not obstruct wagons either, nor will creatures, whether restrained or free.

To keep trees from growing and blocking a path, you should build roads, bridges, or floor tiles over any soil tiles that make up part of the path. Ramps must be used to adjust z-level elevation.

After a trade depot is built, you can use D to check wagon accessibility. The display is somewhat misleading: tiles marked in green mean a wagon can fit in that space, not that it can necessarily reach it from the edge of the map. Further, the green Ws only represent where the center of the wagon can fit -- so a three-tile wide path, which can fit a wagon, will only show up as one-tile wide line of Ws. When the route they would take goes over hills (ramps), it's hard to eye whether it is continuous all the way to the edge of the map, so be sure you see the words "depot accessible" on the depot access screen.

As long as you have a three-tile wide path to the depot that reaches any edge of the map, wagons will be able to reach the depot. If there is only one path they can take, they will take that path. You can force them to enter and exit the map in an exact spot -- preferably very near your depot -- by erecting walls or digging channels so that all paths but the one you want them to take are blocked.

Liaisons

Liaisons may be sent with caravans to speak to important dwarves. They will allow you to choose the type of items that your fortress is interested in, and will focus on bringing more of that kind of item on the next caravan (however those items will also be more expensive). They will also present you with a list of the items they're willing to pay more for, which will be effective upon their next arrival.

Races

The following races send caravans.

Dwarves

The dwarven caravan:

arrives in autumn.
employs wagons to bring more goods.
typically carries food, booze, leather, and supplies. Dwarves alone may carry steel and steel goods.
tends to be well guarded.
sends a liaison who will speak with the Expedition leader (or Mayor) to negotiate prices.
is responsible for the number of immigrants received (when the caravan escapes alive).
will not cause sieges when repeatedly destroyed or lost.
is the only caravan to arrive during a fortress' first year.
always arrives regardless of embark location.
cannot have its goods seized from the trade menu.

Elves

A typical elven caravan.

The elven caravan:

arrives in spring.
does not send wagons.
typically carries cloth, rope, various above ground plants and their byproducts, logs, wooden crafts & weapons, large-sized clothing and armor, and may carry tame creatures.
carries more wood the less trees you cut down^[Verify].
tends to be unguarded.
may send a diplomat who imposes a tree cutting quota.
does not accept some items in trade.

Elven traders do not like to be offered any tree byproducts. Forbidden items include^{v0.28.181.40d}:

Wooden items, and items derived from wood (including tower-cap logs), such as charcoal and pearlash
Clear and crystal glass (because pearlash is used in their creation)
Items decorated with any of the above materials
Obsidian shortswords (since they have wooden handles)
Soap (made with ash)

Metal items are acceptable, even when charcoal is used in their production. Items made from silk are acceptable, as are all non-wooden plant-derived products such as cloth and thread. Different from previous versions, items made of bone and shell are acceptable. You can also transport your goods to the trade depot in a wooden bin, as long as you do not try to sell the bin. Living animals are acceptable, as long as the cage or trap is not made of wood.

Be especially careful with reselling items from other caravans, as decorated items made out of a non-living material may include decorative materials that were made of living materials. All items that elven caravans sell are also unacceptable to sell back to elves, as the dwarves have no means of proving that they were made in an "elf kosher" way — and all dwarves know that elves have terrible memory.

Humans

The human caravan:

arrives in summer.
employs wagons to bring more goods.
typically carries a very large quantity and variety of goods.
tends to be moderately guarded.
sends a liaison who will speak with the broker to negotiate prices.

Goblins

A goblin caravan may arrive if your civilization is at peace with the goblins.

The goblin caravan:

does not send wagons
tends to be unguarded
brings mostly food and cloth
does not send a liaison or a guild representative
does not make import/export agreements

Destruction

If caravans are destroyed (intentionally or unintentionally), the items may remain for use. Traders caught in a cave-in will flee as if they were attacked but will leave all the items dropped by the caravan behind. Pack animals carrying items are affected just like a normal tamed mule and must be killed in the cave-in for them to drop items on the ground. It is however much more likely that the pack animal(s) will only be stunned or rendered unconscious and flee shortly after recovering from the hit. Wagons will collapse if caught in a cave-in, leaving all that it was carrying on the ground as a result. Wagons can also be destroyed by ocean waves coming up onto the shore if you have settled in the appropriate area. The only difference between collapsing under waves or a cave-in is a higher probably of recovering items if the wagon is destroyed by a wave.

Repeated caravan destruction (intentional or unintentional) will strain diplomatic relations and may result in a siege.