https://dwarffortresswiki.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=NorsemanDwarf Fortress Wiki - User contributions [en]2026-04-09T05:44:20ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.35.11https://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Tower-cap&diff=152082v0.31:Tower-cap2011-08-04T11:44:43Z<p>Norseman: /* Energy source? */</p>
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<div>{{quality|Exceptional|00:58, 21 January 2011 (UTC)}}<br />
{{Treelookup/0|wiki=no}}<br />
{{av}}<br />
<br />
'''Tower-caps''' are a type of mushroom-like {{L|underground|subterranean}} {{L|tree}}. Once fully grown, they can be designated for {{L|wood cutting}} and produce tower-cap {{L|logs}}. Tower-caps will grow on thick subterranean {{L|soil}} or {{L|mud|muddied}} {{L|rock}}. They may be found already growing on muddied rock in an {{L|Caverns|underground cavern}}. Tower-caps are white and produce white logs, and the resulting products are white or light grey - as a result, they are sometimes used in combination with other white {{L|stone}}s to create entirely white areas. <br />
<br />
Tower-caps will not start growing in muddied soil until you have discovered the 1st underground cavern.<br />
<br />
<br />
== Energy source? ==<br />
{{d for dwarf}}<br />
There is much controversy about the energy source that tower-caps use to grow. Although it is clear that, like any fungus, they gain energy by breaking down organic compounds in soil and mud, it's equally clear that they are able to do this underground, without access to sunlight. Without any obvious way to regenerate the organic matter that they sprout in, it's unclear how they can survive for thousands of years without sunlight. Thus, useless immigrant dwarven botanists have wasted entirely too much spare time trying to find their energy source.<br />
<br />
The leading theory is that underground soil may contain perpetual motion machines, composed of molecular-scale screw pumps and water wheels. As every dwarven engineer knows, a perpetual motion machine must be given water to start up, after which, it will run indefinitely without any extra water required. Molecular-scale screw pumps and water wheels would, similarly, not provide energy until they become muddied, and, similarly, would remain functional indefinitely. The concept of things smaller than monarch butterflies, however, has led to enormous controversy. Although, obviously, it would be hard to see something smaller than a butterfly, it should be possible to show that it exists because, just like butterflies, it would sometimes get stuck in doors and prevent them from closing. So far, there is no evidence that doors have been held stuck by imperceptibly tiny objects, so the theory remains unsubstantiated.<br />
<br />
{{gamedata}}<br />
{{Plants}}<br />
{{Category|Subterranean trees}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Flow&diff=144940v0.31:Flow2011-04-08T14:58:29Z<p>Norseman: /* Fluids under pressure aka. Teleportation */ Linking text about magma pistons</p>
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<div>{{av}}<br />
{{quality|Masterwork|02:44, 08 November 2010 (UTC)}}<br />
Reading from the raw files you will find that all water and magma/lava in the game are called flows. This however adds a certain amount of confusion since when you trying to {{l|power}} a {{l|water wheel}} you also need to know if your flow of water is flowing. For the purpose of clarity water and magma will instead be referred to as '''fluids''', and '''flow''' will be saved for a fluid that is in motion. <br />
<br />
'''Flow''' is a game mechanic used to simulate the motion of '''fluids'''. The two fluids that exist in dwarf fortress currently are '''{{l|water}}''' and '''{{l|magma}}'''. You can identify fluids that are flowing by looking for a tile that is blinking between {{Tile|≈|1:0:1}} and {{Tile|~|1:0:1}} tiles. If you have turned on SHOW_FLOW_AMOUNTS you will see the fluid '''depth''' instead and will not be able to easily tell if the game considers a tile to be flowing or not. Flow is typically present any time a fluid is in motion, but there are some exceptions which confuse things a bit.<br />
*Note: In the current release flow does not seem to appear in magma. Magma follows the same rules of fluid motion and flow, it simply doesn't have flow in the sense that would allow it to power a water wheel.<br />
<br />
==Basic Fluid Motion==<br />
'''{{l|Water}}''' and '''{{l|magma}}''' both move in much the same way following a fairly simple set of rules. The only difference between the motion of {{l|magma}} and water is that magma behaves differently with regards to {{l|pressure}}.<br />
<br />
Fluids move mostly as one might expect: they will fall straight down if they can, or else they will spread out to the sides. Fluids can flow diagonally on the same z-level, but will never move sideways and down at the same time. Under basic fluid motion, fluid never moves back up, but it can appear to do so if pressure is involved.<br />
<br />
Here is a quick example of how fluids can move to adjacent tiles. Also as water moves to an adjacent tile flow is generated in both tiles. This flow will remain for a short time before reverting back to being non-flowing water. In the first example of falling water all of the water is removed from the source tile, so flow only appears below where the water has moved to. In the other two examples flow will appear in both tiles. <br />
<br />
▒7▒ ▒7▒ ▒<br />
'''Before''' ▒ ▒ ▒2▒ ▒7<br />
▒▒▒ ▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒<br />
<br />
▒ ▒ ▒2▒ ▒<br />
'''After''' ▒7▒ ▒7▒ ▒43<br />
▒▒▒ ▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒<br />
<br />
*1. Fluids move down <br />
*2. Fluids spread out to the sides<br />
<br />
These rules are incomplete, however, without consideration of {{l|pressure}}.<br />
<br />
==Fluids under pressure aka. Teleportation==<br />
<br />
Magma, which has no natural pressure, flows according to the rules of basic fluid motion. Water, however, can move by pressure when it falls down on top of full 7/7 water. In addition, pumps create pressure in both water and magma, and water entering the map at from a stream or river follows pressure as well.<br />
<br />
Fluids moving under '''{{l|pressure}}''' do not just move to adjacent tiles, they also trace a path through other full tiles of fluid trying to move to more distant tiles. Fluids moving under {{l|pressure}} can effectively teleport through other tiles that are already filled with fluid. When teleporting, fluids still only generate flow in their source and destination tiles, NOT in any tiles they skipped over to get to their destination. Also fluids that are teleporting will not push objects in tiles they skip over.<br />
<br />
▒7▒ ▒ ▒~▒ ▒ <br />
'''Before''' ▒7▒ ▒ ▒~▒ ▒<br />
▒777▒ ▒<nowiki>~~~</nowiki>▒ <br />
▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒ <br />
<br />
▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒<br />
'''After''' ▒7▒7▒ ▒~▒≈▒ ≈ flowing fluid<br />
▒777▒ ▒<nowiki>~~~</nowiki>▒ ~ non-flowing fluid<br />
▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒<br />
<br />
This is a simple u-bend example of how water moves under pressure. However with regards to flow, it does something strange. Notice that flow only occurs in the destination tile here (since the source tile has been removed). The fluids in the bottom of the u-bend are unaffected, and furthermore any objects that happen to be here are not pushed either.<br />
<br />
When a fluid tries to move by pressure, it tries to trace a path through full 7/7 fluids going down, and horizontally, but ''not'' diagonally. In this way it is like basic flow, except that pressure works faster; fluid from the source is teleported to the open space at the end, rather than having to wait for open space to open up at the source via normal flow. This is why, for example, diagonal squeezes in channels can make water flow slower, and why rivers and streams on the map are usually full of 7/7 water until close to the edge of the map where the rules of basic fluid motion are draining the water off the map while pressure teleports new water from the source all the way down to the end.<br />
<br />
What's more, unlike basic flow, the path pressure traces can even go back up--but never higher(*) than the z-level of the first 7/7 tile on the path it was tracing. So it may appear that pressure 'pushes fluids up', but in fact it's only teleporting fluid to a level even or lower.<br />
<br />
Thus the result is that pressure movement of fluids (especially water) is common and doesn't create very much flow. However rivers and streams still seem to have some kind of flow that powers water wheels, called natural flow.<br />
<br />
(*) There's one way to push a fluid higher than it's starting level, but it might be considered a bug on the flow mechanics and probably will be changed in following versions since allows for what could be considered exploits ''(see '''{{L|magma piston}})'''''.<br />
Water falling down on top of full 7/7 water isn't the only thing that will teleport water, a ''natural'' wall of any material{{verify}} '''{{L|cave-in|falling}}''' onto both water ''or'' '''{{L|magma}}''' will teleport each tile of displaced fluid to open space directly above it:<br />
Start Step 1 Step 2 Legend:<br />
▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ | support <br />
▒ | ▒ ▒ | ▒ Collapse ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ Fluid ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒<br />
▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ -----------> ▒ 7 ▒ ▒ ≈ ▒ -----------> ▒232▒ ▒<nowiki>~~~</nowiki>▒ ≈ flowing fluid<br />
▒▒7▒▒ ▒▒~▒▒ Support ▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒ Spreads ▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒ ~ non-flowing fluid<br />
▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒<br />
when done in an u-bend example the pushing above original fluid level can be easily appreciated, although it breaks the laws of regular fluid physics:<br />
Start Step 1 Step 2 <br />
▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒<br />
▒ | ▒ ▒ ▒ | ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒<br />
▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ Collapse ▒ 7 ▒ ▒ ▒ ≈ ▒ ▒ Fluid ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒<br />
▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ -----------> ▒ 7 ▒ ▒ ▒ ≈ ▒ ▒ -----------> ▒464▒ ▒ ▒<nowiki>~~~</nowiki>▒ ▒<br />
▒▒7▒▒7▒ ▒▒~▒▒~▒ Support ▒▒▒▒▒7▒ ▒▒▒▒▒~▒ Spreads ▒▒▒▒▒7▒ ▒▒▒▒▒~▒<br />
▒▒7777▒ ▒▒<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>▒ ▒▒▒777▒ ▒▒▒<nowiki>~~~</nowiki>▒ ▒▒▒777▒ ▒▒▒<nowiki>~~~</nowiki>▒<br />
▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒<br />
this is the basic principle that the '''{{L|magma piston}}''' exploit, if you want to prevent a future fix or simply want to simulate regular physics fluid behaviour, you can do something like this:<br />
z-level Start Step 1 Step 2<br />
z+0 ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒<br />
z-1 ▒ | ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒<br />
z-2 ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ Collapse ▒ 7 7 ▒ ▒ Fluid ▒ ▒ ▒<br />
z-3 ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒?▒ -----------> ▒ 7 7 ▒?▒ -----------> ▒44544▒?▒<br />
z-4 ▒▒777▒▒7▒ Support ▒▒▒7▒▒▒7▒ Spreads ▒▒▒7▒▒▒7▒<br />
z-5 ▒▒777777▒ ▒▒▒7▒777▒ ▒▒▒7▒777▒<br />
z-6 ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒<br />
<br />
z-3 Top View z-4 Top View z-3 Top View (Step 1) z-3 Top View (Step 1)<br />
▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒<br />
▒ ▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒ ▒ ▒44444▒<br />
▒ ▒▒▒ ▒▒▒ ▒▒777▒▒▒▒ ▒ 777 ▒▒▒ ▒45554▒▒▒<br />
Axis ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒?▒ ▒▒777▒▒7▒ ▒ 7 7 ▒?▒ ▒55555▒?▒ Axis <br />
--------▒ ▒▒▒ ▒▒▒--------------▒▒777▒▒▒▒--------------▒ 777 ▒▒▒---------------▒45554▒▒▒--------<br />
Cut ▒ ▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒ ▒ ▒44544▒ Cut <br />
▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒<br />
basically it involves dropping a giant ''(minimum size 3x3x1)'' donut/cylinder/tube of natural walls onto the fluid pool, given that it will teleport a donut/cylinder/tube of fluid in the same way ''(step 1)'' but after it spreads ''(step 2)'' it'll seem that the fluid actually went through the opening in the middle of the donut/cylinder/tube like a real fluid should behave, of course one exception it won't be pushed through the right tube like it should, you'll probably want to close the tile marked with a question mark "?" so it can give the impression of real fluid mechanics.<br />
<br />
==Natural Flow==<br />
Many water sources such as {{l|river}}s and {{l|brook}}s are constantly flowing with '''natural flow'''. This is different from other flow effects in that it is always considered to be flowing water. This remains true even when the water flows into a complete dead end channel or even when blocked off with a floodgate. Any channels that link up to a naturally flowing source will soon become naturally flowing water as long as they remain on the same z-level. Diagonal steps have no effect on natural flow although they can be used to change {{l|pressure}}.<br />
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Trying to move natural flow up or down to a different z-level may have unpredictable results but in most cases this will break the natural flow effect resulting in still water that can only be made to flow by artificial means.<br />
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==Fluid Depth==<br />
Fluids can have a depth anywhere from 1 to 7. To see the depth of a tile of fluid you can look at it with {{k|k}} which will reveal the depth in the text at the right. Alternatively you can enable {{l|Technical_tricks#The_look_of_the_game|SHOW_FLOW_AMOUNTS}} which will replace the {{Tile|≈|1:0:1}} and {{Tile|~|1:0:1}} tiles with a numerical representation of the depth at all times. Turning on {{l|Technical_tricks#The_look_of_the_game|SHOW_FLOW_AMOUNTS}} does come with the drawback that you will no longer be able to see if a tile is flowing or not.<br />
<br />
==Obstructions==<br />
Water can be stopped by most solid tiles. These include {{l|wall}}s and {{l|building}}s as well as closed {{l|floodgate}}s, {{l|door}}s, and {{l|hatch}}es. Exceptions are vertical {{l|grate}}s, vertical {{l|bars}}, and {{l|fortification}}s, which will allow fluids to pass freely. <br />
<br />
==Evaporation==<br />
Fluids that remain at a depth of 1/7 for long enough will evaporate. Evaporated fluids are simply removed from the game. In '''hot''' or '''scorching''' environments, {{L|murky pool}}s can evaporate at greater depths.<br />
<br />
{{Category|Physics}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Obsidian_farming&diff=144939v0.31:Obsidian farming2011-04-08T14:53:28Z<p>Norseman: Linked text about magma pistons</p>
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<div>{{quality|Fine|19:11, 6 August 2010 (UTC)}}{{av}}<br />
Obsidian farming is a method of producing {{L|obsidian}} efficiently. When {{L|magma}} contacts {{L|water}}, a tile of unworked obsidian spawns on the meeting point and both fluids disappear (from that tile). Obsidian is a valuable {{L|stone}} and both magma and water are renewable.<br />
<br />
A typical method of farming is as follows:<br />
* A rectangle hall, 2 z-levels high is dug out/constructed<br />
* Lower level of the hall is fed magma from a pump (otherwise it will fill very slowly)<br />
* Upper level of the hall is covered in water (pump is a good idea too)<br />
* Water gets removed (by a pump, opened floodgate etc.)<br />
* Resulting obsidian (on the lower level) is designated for ramping or channeling (floor between levels needs to be removed for the farm to be reused)<br />
<br />
For more advanced farms, one can have few layers of magma and water - each new layer adds another layer of obsidian, so this method is far more efficient (N - number of fluid layers, (N-1) - number of obsidian layers). Your dwarven ingenuity should be shouting "OBSIDIAN FORTRESS" by now, by the way.<br />
<br />
Try to avoid "free" magma tiles. Magma pump should pump directly into the hall, not into a tunnel leading to the hall. Results of doing otherwise include {{L|fun}}, {{L|fire}} and {{L|tantrum}}s when the obsidian is being dug out, unless the tunnel itself is sealed (with a floodgate, for example) before collection of the precious black stone (actually volcanic glass). Same tip applies to water pumps in case of obsidian fortress, except this time the only danger is {{L|mud}} and annoying messages.<br />
<br />
Note that if you add water to a tile which is as little as 1/7th full of magma, you'll create a full block of obsidian. This is particularly useful when you're operating a repeatable {{L|magma piston}} since one block of obsidian will displace 7/7 units of magma, and you'll only need 1-2 units of magma to make a block of obsidian to get 7 units of magma...</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Magma_piston&diff=144925v0.31:Magma piston2011-04-08T06:38:39Z<p>Norseman: Tenatively marking the article as fine</p>
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<div>{{av}}{{quality|Fine|08:37, 8 April 2011 (UTC)}}<br />
'''Magma pistons''' are used to move magma near the surface. This approach was developed as an alternative to {{L|screw pump#Example layouts#Pump stack|pump stack}}s. Magma pistons are used because they require less time and fewer precious materials to construct than pump stacks. However, magma pistons are a bit more complicated than pump stacks, so it takes more time to understand how to operate and build them.<br />
<br />
== The concept ==<br />
The piston method is based on a clever abuse of {{L|cave-in}} {{L|physics}}. The basic principle involves channeling out an area around a huge stone pillar, hundreds of z-levels tall, which will become the "piston" that drives magma to the top. Rest the piston on a single support, then carve out a tank at its base which will be filled with magma pumped from the magma sea. ('''Beware:''' building the piston directly over the magma sea will '''NOT''' work!) Once the tank has been filled, drop the piston by removing its support. Liquids displaced by a cave-in will "teleport" straight up to the nearest available space; here, the nearest available space will be the catchment area you thoughtfully prepared earlier atop the piston.<br />
<br />
A simple magma piston works as shown in the following diagram:<br />
<br />
'''Key:'''<br />
<br />
'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
<font color="#F00">~</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#777">S</font> = <font color="#777">'''Support'''</font> <br />
<font color="#970">_</font> = <font color="#970">'''Floor hatch or bridge (your choice)'''</font><br />
<br />
{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Basic magma piston design'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|_<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|_<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|S<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When the support is destroyed, the wall sections in the middle will fall down into the magma. The magma will teleport to the top of the piston, as shown in the following diagram:<br />
<br />
{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|_<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|_<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Construction ==<br />
A magma piston is composed of 4-5 parts: the catchment area, the magma reservoir, the support, the piston, and the obsidian caster (optional).<br />
<br />
=== Catchment area ===<br />
:The '''catchment area''' is located at the top of the piston. After the piston is dropped, the magma will spread out around the catchment area. In a repeating magma piston, some of the magma is used to cast obsidian on top of the piston, in order to reuse it. The volume and size of the catchment area must be carefully calculated to ensure that you won't have too much or too little magma above the piston for casting. Ideally, you want the depth of the magma above the piston to be 2. If the depth is 1, then the magma might evaporate and you won't be able to repair your piston. If the depth is greater than 2, then you're wasting magma if you cast it into obsidian.<br />
<br />
=== Magma reservoir ===<br />
:The '''magma reservoir''' is dug out near the magma sea. You can't actually drop the piston directly into the magma sea because the bottom of the magma sea is {{L|semi-molten rock}}, and it will completely destroy any piston dropped into it. The magma reservoir is artificial, so it won't have a floor made of semi-molten rock. This will allow the piston to rest on the floor of your reservoir. The magma reservoir needs three parts: a magma inlet, a magma drain, and an access corridor. After letting magma in, and dropping the piston, you'll want to dig out the bottom of the piston so you can drop it again. To do that, you need to drain any excess magma and let your workers in through the access corridor.<br />
<br />
=== Support ===<br />
:The '''support''' is what prevents your piston from dropping until you decide to pull the firing lever. The support can be located either at the bottom of the piston, as shown in the simplified diagram, or at the side of the piston (shown in the following diagram). If the support is at the bottom of the piston, then the support and the mechanism it uses must both be magma-safe. If it's at the side, then neither need to be magma-safe. Here's an example of a side-mounted support:<br />
<br />
: '''Key:'''<br />
<br />
'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
'''P''' = '''Piston'''<br />
'''X''' = '''Up/Down stairs'''<br />
<font color="#777">S</font> = <font color="#777">'''Support'''</font> <br />
<font color="#970">_</font> = <font color="#970">'''Floor hatch or bridge (your choice)'''</font><br />
<font color="#444">=</font> = <font color="#444">'''Constructed floor'''</font><br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Side-mounted support'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|X<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|_<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|_<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|X<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #444; padding: 0"|= <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|X<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|S<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|X<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
:In this diagram, you can see the catchment area at the top, and the piston in the middle of the shaft. The support structure is to the left. When the support element collapses, the two constructed floors will become unsupported, and then the piston will collapse. The stairs and hatch to the left of the constructed floors allows for convenient reconstruction of the support.<br />
<br />
=== Piston ===<br />
:The '''piston''' is the heart of the scheme. It may be 100-200 z-levels long, so it will take quite a while for your miners to dig it out. The safest and fastest way to dig out the piston is to make up/down stairs instead of channeling it out. When you're ready, you can use a cave-in to destroy the stairs. You may encounter trouble with caverns. Ideally, you should scout out the caverns and find a clear path straight down. If you can't find such a path, you can fix the problem as follows:<br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Cavern problem'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
:First, smooth the top and bottom, like so:<br />
<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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<br />
:Now drop the top of the piston on to the floor of the cavern. You can use a cave-in to destroy the stairs quickly.<br />
<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Obsidian caster ===<br />
:The '''obsidian caster''' is what allows you to rebuild your piston and get more magma. It's an application of techniques drawn from {{L|obsidian farming}}. The caster just needs to precisely dump water into the catchment area in order to form obsidian. A caster is composed of two parts: a water inlet, and a retracting bridge. Here's a sample design:<br />
<br />
: '''Key:'''<br />
<br />
'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
'''P''' = '''Piston'''<br />
<font color="#970">F</font> = <font color="#970">'''Closed floodgate'''</font><br />
<font color="#00F">±</font> = <font color="#00F">'''Retracting bridge with water'''</font><br />
<font color="#F00">±</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Retracting bridge with magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#F00">~</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#00F">~</font> = <font color="#00F">'''Water'''</font><br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Obsidian caster'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
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|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
:When you retract the bridge at the top, the water will fall straight down, and you'll get the following result:<br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Operation ==<br />
The general procedure for operating a repeatable magma piston is as follows:<br />
<br />
#Pull your firing lever to collapse the side support, thus dropping the piston into the magma.<br />
#In the magma reservoir, close the inlet and open the drain to empty the magma and allow workers in later.<br />
#Retract the bridge of the obsidian caster to drop water onto magma and rebuild the piston.<br />
#Extend the bridge of the obsidian caster and open the inlet floodgate, to refill your caster's water supply.<br />
#Reconstruct the side support and re-link it to your firing lever.<br />
#Pump/drain any magma you want to use out of the catchment area.<br />
#Allow workers into the magma reservoir when it's safe and empty, and dig out the bottom of the piston.<br />
#Get the workers out of the reservoir and lock the door.<br />
#In the magma reservoir, close the drain and open the inlet to fill it with magma.<br />
#Remember to close the inlet floodgate of your obsidian caster.<br />
#Make sure that your side-support is clear.<br />
#When the magma reservoir is full, use your firing lever to restart the process.<br />
<br />
== More information ==<br />
The original discussion of this trick, including how to make the piston reusable, can be found in [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=59894.0 this forum thread].<br />
<br />
{{Category|Constructions}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Flesh_ball&diff=144921v0.31:Flesh ball2011-04-08T06:25:46Z<p>Norseman: Fixing some grammar problems</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Quality|Fine|19:46, 5 July 2010 (UTC)}}<br />
{{Creaturelookup/0<br />
|wiki=no<br />
|contrib=yes<br />
}}<br />
{{av}}<br />
{{creaturedesc}}<br />
<br />
Is amphibious, though quite slow on the ground.<br />
<br />
Flesh balls are featureless, but still easily killable. A novice swordswarf with a steel short sword will take about 10 seconds to kill a single flesh ball, and kills it by repeatedly tearing and slashing the Ball's body until it bleeds to death, and the dwarf remains completely unharmed.<br />
<br />
Confronted with a blunt force attacker, a flesh ball laughs. In an arena test, a novice hammerdwarf with a silver war hammer, no other skills and no armor, attacked the Ball for about 20 minutes, at which point he was a Legendary Hammerdwarf, Wrestler, Fighter, and Striker. The flesh ball sustained bruises but was still alive and attacking the hammerdwarf in vain. After about 40 minutes of pelting, the hammerdwarf got a lucky hit and tore the skin of the ball, which caused it to bleed out and die.<br />
<br />
A smart dwarf can cage one of these animals, and use it as a beanbag to train novice hammerdwarves extremely safely. Flesh balls are almost completely safe to train with, except for the occasional bruise the ball is able to inflict.<br />
<br />
{{gamedata}}<br />
{{Creatures}}<br />
{{Category|Animals}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Magma&diff=144861v0.31:Magma2011-04-07T05:25:21Z<p>Norseman: /* Pump stacks */ Improving the link</p>
<hr />
<div>{{av}}{{Quality|Exceptional|21:13, 6 July 2010 (UTC)}}<br />
'''Magma''' is a red-hot {{l|flow|fluid}} that wells up from deep within the earth - but not too deep to be found by dwarves. Magma that is above the ground is called '''Lava''' but is still the same exact substance. Magma is very [[fun]].<br />
<br />
Magma serves as an energy source, powering {{L|magma smelter}}s, {{L|magma forge}}s, {{L|magma glass furnace}}s, and {{L|magma kiln}}s. Magma is ''extremely'' hot which can lead to a lot of {{L|fun}}. In the current version magma seems a bit slower to burn things. Workers that dig into a magma reservoir are not instantly killed as the magma touches them and can often scramble to safety{{verify}} as long as they are not fully immersed in 7/7 magma. It's worth noting that magma never seems to blink with {{l|flow}} now either.<br />
<br />
The list of materials that are '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' has been expanded considerably in this version. Magma never cools, but can {{L|evaporation|evaporate}} if left at a depth of 1/7 for long enough. When magma is mixed with water it forms {{L|obsidian}}. Note that magma located above {{L|semi-molten rock}} will be listed as a Magma Flow and cannot be cooled into {{L|Obsidian}}.<br />
<br />
== Bringing Magma Up ==<br />
<br />
Magma can be brought to the surface by two different methods:{{L|pump|pump stack}}s, and magma pistons. Pump stacks are conceptually the simplest, but require an enormous amount of in-game time to make. Magma pistons tend to be faster to make, but require more time to understand how to build them.<br />
<br />
=== Pump stacks ===<br />
Pumping magma up from the magma sea via a conventional {{L|pump#Example layouts#pump stack|pump stack}} is a lot of work, requiring hundreds of pumps and vast amounts of power. Making all of the pumps {{L|magma safe}} also requires a lot of precious materials like steel or glass.<br />
<br />
=== Magma pistons ===<br />
{{L|Magma piston}}s are another way to move magma near the surface. Magma pistons require less time and fewer precious materials to construct than pump stacks. However, magma pistons are a bit more complicated than pump stacks, so it takes more time to understand how to operate and build them.<br />
<br />
==Magma pools==<br />
Although the name suggests them as pools, they are actually pipes (Unknown why Toady changed the name). They can be found underground, however they rarely reach the upper z-levels (40+). Most end just a few z-levels above the magma sea, though some may span more than 100 z-levels.<br />
Magma pools seem to be always connected to a magma sea, and the sea and pipe can occasionally reach up to the same level, making them hard to separate. However, magma pools can be identified by the obsidian walls which surround them.<br />
Magma pools will slowly refill themselves, giving the player an infinite source of magma.<br />
<br />
==Volcanoes==<br />
{{l|volcano|Volcanoes}} are magma pools that extend all the way to the surface. Volcanoes are an endless source of magma as they will always refill themselves.<br />
<br />
==Properties of magma==<br />
Magma behaves the same way as water with the exception of not being affected by {{l|pressure}}, unless pressurized by a {{l|pump}}, and apparently not showing {{l|flow}}. Magma will turn into {{l|obsidian}}<sup>1</sup> if it touches {{l|water}}. In the game, magma's temperature is 12,000 (2,032°F, or about 1,111°C). See the list of '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' materials for more information on what can (or cannot) be safely submerged in magma.<br />
<br />
Tiles directly adjacent to magma will be heated to a temperature of 10,075 (107°F, or about 42°C), causing revealed unmined tiles to flash with {{Tile|☼|6:4:1}} when placing digging designations and causing unrevealed mining-designated tiles to cancel their designation (with a "warm stone" warning) once they are revealed.<br />
<br />
<small><sup>1</sup> - the rock that is used when magma mixes with water is the first rock encountered to have the [LAVA] tag ''during worldgen''.</small><br />
<br />
==Dangers of magma==<br />
Magma is not immediately fatal when first touched. It is dangerous to stand in magma, but dwarves will generally only suffer minor burns when running from a flow. Most creatures can survive standing on even a completely filled magma tile for a single step, but any more and they will likely die.<br />
<br />
Unlike how waterfalls create mist magmafalls create no magma mist, yet if some debris from a [[cave-in]] lands in some magma a deadly cloud of [[magma mist]] is released.<br />
<br />
{{Category|Physics}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Magma&diff=144860v0.31:Magma2011-04-07T05:24:29Z<p>Norseman: Fixing formatting</p>
<hr />
<div>{{av}}{{Quality|Exceptional|21:13, 6 July 2010 (UTC)}}<br />
'''Magma''' is a red-hot {{l|flow|fluid}} that wells up from deep within the earth - but not too deep to be found by dwarves. Magma that is above the ground is called '''Lava''' but is still the same exact substance. Magma is very [[fun]].<br />
<br />
Magma serves as an energy source, powering {{L|magma smelter}}s, {{L|magma forge}}s, {{L|magma glass furnace}}s, and {{L|magma kiln}}s. Magma is ''extremely'' hot which can lead to a lot of {{L|fun}}. In the current version magma seems a bit slower to burn things. Workers that dig into a magma reservoir are not instantly killed as the magma touches them and can often scramble to safety{{verify}} as long as they are not fully immersed in 7/7 magma. It's worth noting that magma never seems to blink with {{l|flow}} now either.<br />
<br />
The list of materials that are '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' has been expanded considerably in this version. Magma never cools, but can {{L|evaporation|evaporate}} if left at a depth of 1/7 for long enough. When magma is mixed with water it forms {{L|obsidian}}. Note that magma located above {{L|semi-molten rock}} will be listed as a Magma Flow and cannot be cooled into {{L|Obsidian}}.<br />
<br />
== Bringing Magma Up ==<br />
<br />
Magma can be brought to the surface by two different methods:{{L|pump|pump stack}}s, and magma pistons. Pump stacks are conceptually the simplest, but require an enormous amount of in-game time to make. Magma pistons tend to be faster to make, but require more time to understand how to build them.<br />
<br />
=== Pump stacks ===<br />
Pumping magma up from the magma sea via a conventional {{L|pump|pump stack}} is a lot of work, requiring hundreds of pumps and vast amounts of power. Making all of the pumps {{L|magma safe}} also requires a lot of precious materials like steel or glass.<br />
<br />
=== Magma pistons ===<br />
{{L|Magma piston}}s are another way to move magma near the surface. Magma pistons require less time and fewer precious materials to construct than pump stacks. However, magma pistons are a bit more complicated than pump stacks, so it takes more time to understand how to operate and build them.<br />
<br />
==Magma pools==<br />
Although the name suggests them as pools, they are actually pipes (Unknown why Toady changed the name). They can be found underground, however they rarely reach the upper z-levels (40+). Most end just a few z-levels above the magma sea, though some may span more than 100 z-levels.<br />
Magma pools seem to be always connected to a magma sea, and the sea and pipe can occasionally reach up to the same level, making them hard to separate. However, magma pools can be identified by the obsidian walls which surround them.<br />
Magma pools will slowly refill themselves, giving the player an infinite source of magma.<br />
<br />
==Volcanoes==<br />
{{l|volcano|Volcanoes}} are magma pools that extend all the way to the surface. Volcanoes are an endless source of magma as they will always refill themselves.<br />
<br />
==Properties of magma==<br />
Magma behaves the same way as water with the exception of not being affected by {{l|pressure}}, unless pressurized by a {{l|pump}}, and apparently not showing {{l|flow}}. Magma will turn into {{l|obsidian}}<sup>1</sup> if it touches {{l|water}}. In the game, magma's temperature is 12,000 (2,032°F, or about 1,111°C). See the list of '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' materials for more information on what can (or cannot) be safely submerged in magma.<br />
<br />
Tiles directly adjacent to magma will be heated to a temperature of 10,075 (107°F, or about 42°C), causing revealed unmined tiles to flash with {{Tile|☼|6:4:1}} when placing digging designations and causing unrevealed mining-designated tiles to cancel their designation (with a "warm stone" warning) once they are revealed.<br />
<br />
<small><sup>1</sup> - the rock that is used when magma mixes with water is the first rock encountered to have the [LAVA] tag ''during worldgen''.</small><br />
<br />
==Dangers of magma==<br />
Magma is not immediately fatal when first touched. It is dangerous to stand in magma, but dwarves will generally only suffer minor burns when running from a flow. Most creatures can survive standing on even a completely filled magma tile for a single step, but any more and they will likely die.<br />
<br />
Unlike how waterfalls create mist magmafalls create no magma mist, yet if some debris from a [[cave-in]] lands in some magma a deadly cloud of [[magma mist]] is released.<br />
<br />
{{Category|Physics}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Magma&diff=144859v0.31:Magma2011-04-07T05:23:33Z<p>Norseman: /* Magma pistons */ Fixed the link</p>
<hr />
<div>{{av}}{{Quality|Exceptional|21:13, 6 July 2010 (UTC)}}<br />
'''Magma''' is a red-hot {{l|flow|fluid}} that wells up from deep within the earth - but not too deep to be found by dwarves. Magma that is above the ground is called '''Lava''' but is still the same exact substance. Magma is very [[fun]].<br />
<br />
Magma serves as an energy source, powering {{L|magma smelter}}s, {{L|magma forge}}s, {{L|magma glass furnace}}s, and {{L|magma kiln}}s. Magma is ''extremely'' hot which can lead to a lot of {{L|fun}}. In the current version magma seems a bit slower to burn things. Workers that dig into a magma reservoir are not instantly killed as the magma touches them and can often scramble to safety{{verify}} as long as they are not fully immersed in 7/7 magma. It's worth noting that magma never seems to blink with {{l|flow}} now either.<br />
<br />
The list of materials that are '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' has been expanded considerably in this version. Magma never cools, but can {{L|evaporation|evaporate}} if left at a depth of 1/7 for long enough. When magma is mixed with water it forms {{L|obsidian}}. Note that magma located above {{L|semi-molten rock}} will be listed as a Magma Flow and cannot be cooled into {{L|Obsidian}}.<br />
<br />
=== Bringing Magma Up ===<br />
<br />
Magma can be brought to the surface by two different methods:{{L|pump|pump stack}}s, and magma pistons. Pump stacks are conceptually the simplest, but require an enormous amount of in-game time to make. Magma pistons tend to be faster to make, but require more time to understand how to build them.<br />
<br />
==== Pump stacks ====<br />
Pumping magma up from the magma sea via a conventional {{L|pump|pump stack}} is a lot of work, requiring hundreds of pumps and vast amounts of power. Making all of the pumps {{L|magma safe}} also requires a lot of precious materials like steel or glass.<br />
<br />
==== Magma pistons ====<br />
{{L|Magma piston}}s are another way to move magma near the surface. Magma pistons require less time and fewer precious materials to construct than pump stacks. However, magma pistons are a bit more complicated than pump stacks, so it takes more time to understand how to operate and build them.<br />
<br />
===Magma pools===<br />
Although the name suggests them as pools, they are actually pipes (Unknown why Toady changed the name). They can be found underground, however they rarely reach the upper z-levels (40+). Most end just a few z-levels above the magma sea, though some may span more than 100 z-levels.<br />
Magma pools seem to be always connected to a magma sea, and the sea and pipe can occasionally reach up to the same level, making them hard to separate. However, magma pools can be identified by the obsidian walls which surround them.<br />
Magma pools will slowly refill themselves, giving the player an infinite source of magma.<br />
<br />
===Volcanoes===<br />
{{l|volcano|Volcanoes}} are magma pools that extend all the way to the surface. Volcanoes are an endless source of magma as they will always refill themselves.<br />
<br />
===Properties of magma===<br />
Magma behaves the same way as water with the exception of not being affected by {{l|pressure}}, unless pressurized by a {{l|pump}}, and apparently not showing {{l|flow}}. Magma will turn into {{l|obsidian}}<sup>1</sup> if it touches {{l|water}}. In the game, magma's temperature is 12,000 (2,032°F, or about 1,111°C). See the list of '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' materials for more information on what can (or cannot) be safely submerged in magma.<br />
<br />
Tiles directly adjacent to magma will be heated to a temperature of 10,075 (107°F, or about 42°C), causing revealed unmined tiles to flash with {{Tile|☼|6:4:1}} when placing digging designations and causing unrevealed mining-designated tiles to cancel their designation (with a "warm stone" warning) once they are revealed.<br />
<br />
<small><sup>1</sup> - the rock that is used when magma mixes with water is the first rock encountered to have the [LAVA] tag ''during worldgen''.</small><br />
<br />
===Dangers of magma===<br />
Magma is not immediately fatal when first touched. It is dangerous to stand in magma, but dwarves will generally only suffer minor burns when running from a flow. Most creatures can survive standing on even a completely filled magma tile for a single step, but any more and they will likely die.<br />
<br />
Unlike how waterfalls create mist magmafalls create no magma mist, yet if some debris from a [[cave-in]] lands in some magma a deadly cloud of [[magma mist]] is released.<br />
<br />
{{Category|Physics}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Magma&diff=144858v0.31:Magma2011-04-07T05:23:02Z<p>Norseman: /* Magma pistons */ Moved the magma piston info to the magma piston page</p>
<hr />
<div>{{av}}{{Quality|Exceptional|21:13, 6 July 2010 (UTC)}}<br />
'''Magma''' is a red-hot {{l|flow|fluid}} that wells up from deep within the earth - but not too deep to be found by dwarves. Magma that is above the ground is called '''Lava''' but is still the same exact substance. Magma is very [[fun]].<br />
<br />
Magma serves as an energy source, powering {{L|magma smelter}}s, {{L|magma forge}}s, {{L|magma glass furnace}}s, and {{L|magma kiln}}s. Magma is ''extremely'' hot which can lead to a lot of {{L|fun}}. In the current version magma seems a bit slower to burn things. Workers that dig into a magma reservoir are not instantly killed as the magma touches them and can often scramble to safety{{verify}} as long as they are not fully immersed in 7/7 magma. It's worth noting that magma never seems to blink with {{l|flow}} now either.<br />
<br />
The list of materials that are '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' has been expanded considerably in this version. Magma never cools, but can {{L|evaporation|evaporate}} if left at a depth of 1/7 for long enough. When magma is mixed with water it forms {{L|obsidian}}. Note that magma located above {{L|semi-molten rock}} will be listed as a Magma Flow and cannot be cooled into {{L|Obsidian}}.<br />
<br />
=== Bringing Magma Up ===<br />
<br />
Magma can be brought to the surface by two different methods:{{L|pump|pump stack}}s, and magma pistons. Pump stacks are conceptually the simplest, but require an enormous amount of in-game time to make. Magma pistons tend to be faster to make, but require more time to understand how to build them.<br />
<br />
==== Pump stacks ====<br />
Pumping magma up from the magma sea via a conventional {{L|pump|pump stack}} is a lot of work, requiring hundreds of pumps and vast amounts of power. Making all of the pumps {{L|magma safe}} also requires a lot of precious materials like steel or glass.<br />
<br />
==== Magma pistons ====<br />
{{L|Magma pistons}} are another way to move magma near the surface. Magma pistons require less time and fewer precious materials to construct than pump stacks. However, magma pistons are a bit more complicated than pump stacks, so it takes more time to understand how to operate and build them.<br />
<br />
===Magma pools===<br />
Although the name suggests them as pools, they are actually pipes (Unknown why Toady changed the name). They can be found underground, however they rarely reach the upper z-levels (40+). Most end just a few z-levels above the magma sea, though some may span more than 100 z-levels.<br />
Magma pools seem to be always connected to a magma sea, and the sea and pipe can occasionally reach up to the same level, making them hard to separate. However, magma pools can be identified by the obsidian walls which surround them.<br />
Magma pools will slowly refill themselves, giving the player an infinite source of magma.<br />
<br />
===Volcanoes===<br />
{{l|volcano|Volcanoes}} are magma pools that extend all the way to the surface. Volcanoes are an endless source of magma as they will always refill themselves.<br />
<br />
===Properties of magma===<br />
Magma behaves the same way as water with the exception of not being affected by {{l|pressure}}, unless pressurized by a {{l|pump}}, and apparently not showing {{l|flow}}. Magma will turn into {{l|obsidian}}<sup>1</sup> if it touches {{l|water}}. In the game, magma's temperature is 12,000 (2,032°F, or about 1,111°C). See the list of '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' materials for more information on what can (or cannot) be safely submerged in magma.<br />
<br />
Tiles directly adjacent to magma will be heated to a temperature of 10,075 (107°F, or about 42°C), causing revealed unmined tiles to flash with {{Tile|☼|6:4:1}} when placing digging designations and causing unrevealed mining-designated tiles to cancel their designation (with a "warm stone" warning) once they are revealed.<br />
<br />
<small><sup>1</sup> - the rock that is used when magma mixes with water is the first rock encountered to have the [LAVA] tag ''during worldgen''.</small><br />
<br />
===Dangers of magma===<br />
Magma is not immediately fatal when first touched. It is dangerous to stand in magma, but dwarves will generally only suffer minor burns when running from a flow. Most creatures can survive standing on even a completely filled magma tile for a single step, but any more and they will likely die.<br />
<br />
Unlike how waterfalls create mist magmafalls create no magma mist, yet if some debris from a [[cave-in]] lands in some magma a deadly cloud of [[magma mist]] is released.<br />
<br />
{{Category|Physics}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Magma_piston&diff=144856v0.31:Magma piston2011-04-07T05:09:49Z<p>Norseman: Filled in the page</p>
<hr />
<div>{{av}}<br />
'''Magma pistons''' are used to move magma near the surface. This approach was developed as an alternative to {{L|screw pump#Example layouts#Pump stack|pump stack}}s. Magma pistons are used because they require less time and fewer precious materials to construct than pump stacks. However, magma pistons are a bit more complicated than pump stacks, so it takes more time to understand how to operate and build them.<br />
<br />
== The concept ==<br />
The piston method is based on a clever abuse of {{L|cave-in}} {{L|physics}}. The basic principle involves channeling out an area around a huge stone pillar, hundreds of z-levels tall, which will become the "piston" that drives magma to the top. Rest the piston on a single support, then carve out a tank at its base which will be filled with magma pumped from the magma sea. ('''Beware:''' building the piston directly over the magma sea will '''NOT''' work!) Once the tank has been filled, drop the piston by removing its support. Liquids displaced by a cave-in will "teleport" straight up to the nearest available space; here, the nearest available space will be the catchment area you thoughtfully prepared earlier atop the piston.<br />
<br />
A simple magma piston works as shown in the following diagram:<br />
<br />
'''Key:'''<br />
<br />
'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
<font color="#F00">~</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#777">S</font> = <font color="#777">'''Support'''</font> <br />
<font color="#970">_</font> = <font color="#970">'''Floor hatch or bridge (your choice)'''</font><br />
<br />
{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Basic magma piston design'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|_<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|_<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|S<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
When the support is destroyed, the wall sections in the middle will fall down into the magma. The magma will teleport to the top of the piston, as shown in the following diagram:<br />
<br />
{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|_<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|_<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Construction ==<br />
A magma piston is composed of 4-5 parts: the catchment area, the magma reservoir, the support, the piston, and the obsidian caster (optional).<br />
<br />
=== Catchment area ===<br />
:The '''catchment area''' is located at the top of the piston. After the piston is dropped, the magma will spread out around the catchment area. In a repeating magma piston, some of the magma is used to cast obsidian on top of the piston, in order to reuse it. The volume and size of the catchment area must be carefully calculated to ensure that you won't have too much or too little magma above the piston for casting. Ideally, you want the depth of the magma above the piston to be 2. If the depth is 1, then the magma might evaporate and you won't be able to repair your piston. If the depth is greater than 2, then you're wasting magma if you cast it into obsidian.<br />
<br />
=== Magma reservoir ===<br />
:The '''magma reservoir''' is dug out near the magma sea. You can't actually drop the piston directly into the magma sea because the bottom of the magma sea is {{L|semi-molten rock}}, and it will completely destroy any piston dropped into it. The magma reservoir is artificial, so it won't have a floor made of semi-molten rock. This will allow the piston to rest on the floor of your reservoir. The magma reservoir needs three parts: a magma inlet, a magma drain, and an access corridor. After letting magma in, and dropping the piston, you'll want to dig out the bottom of the piston so you can drop it again. To do that, you need to drain any excess magma and let your workers in through the access corridor.<br />
<br />
=== Support ===<br />
:The '''support''' is what prevents your piston from dropping until you decide to pull the firing lever. The support can be located either at the bottom of the piston, as shown in the simplified diagram, or at the side of the piston (shown in the following diagram). If the support is at the bottom of the piston, then the support and the mechanism it uses must both be magma-safe. If it's at the side, then neither need to be magma-safe. Here's an example of a side-mounted support:<br />
<br />
: '''Key:'''<br />
<br />
'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
'''P''' = '''Piston'''<br />
'''X''' = '''Up/Down stairs'''<br />
<font color="#777">S</font> = <font color="#777">'''Support'''</font> <br />
<font color="#970">_</font> = <font color="#970">'''Floor hatch or bridge (your choice)'''</font><br />
<font color="#444">=</font> = <font color="#444">'''Constructed floor'''</font><br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Side-mounted support'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|X<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|style="color: #444; padding: 0"|= <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|X<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|S<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|X<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
:In this diagram, you can see the catchment area at the top, and the piston in the middle of the shaft. The support structure is to the left. When the support element collapses, the two constructed floors will become unsupported, and then the piston will collapse. The stairs and hatch to the left of the constructed floors allows for convenient reconstruction of the support.<br />
<br />
=== Piston ===<br />
:The '''piston''' is the heart of the scheme. It may be 100-200 z-levels long, so it will take quite a while for your miners to dig it out. The safest and fastest way to dig out the piston is to make up/down stairs instead of channeling it out. When you're ready, you can use a cave-in to destroy the stairs. You may encounter trouble with caverns. Ideally, you should scout out the caverns and find a clear path straight down. If you can't find such a path, you can fix the problem as follows:<br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Cavern problem'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|X<br />
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|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
:First, smooth the top and bottom, like so:<br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
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|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
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|style="color: #dfd; padding: 0"|.<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
:Now drop the top of the piston on to the floor of the cavern. You can use a cave-in to destroy the stairs quickly.<br />
<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Obsidian caster ===<br />
:The '''obsidian caster''' is what allows you to rebuild your piston and get more magma. It's an application of techniques drawn from {{L|obsidian farming}}. The caster just needs to precisely dump water into the catchment area in order to form obsidian. A caster is composed of two parts: a water inlet, and a retracting bridge. Here's a sample design:<br />
<br />
: '''Key:'''<br />
<br />
'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
'''P''' = '''Piston'''<br />
<font color="#970">F</font> = <font color="#970">'''Closed floodgate'''</font><br />
<font color="#00F">±</font> = <font color="#00F">'''Retracting bridge with water'''</font><br />
<font color="#F00">±</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Retracting bridge with magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#F00">~</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#00F">~</font> = <font color="#00F">'''Water'''</font><br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Obsidian caster'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|F<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
:When you retract the bridge at the top, the water will fall straight down, and you'll get the following result:<br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|F<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Operation ==<br />
The general procedure for operating a repeatable magma piston is as follows:<br />
<br />
#Pull your firing lever to collapse the side support, thus dropping the piston into the magma.<br />
#In the magma reservoir, close the inlet and open the drain to empty the magma and allow workers in later.<br />
#Retract the bridge of the obsidian caster to drop water onto magma and rebuild the piston.<br />
#Extend the bridge of the obsidian caster and open the inlet floodgate, to refill your caster's water supply.<br />
#Reconstruct the side support and re-link it to your firing lever.<br />
#Pump/drain any magma you want to use out of the catchment area.<br />
#Allow workers into the magma reservoir when it's safe and empty, and dig out the bottom of the piston.<br />
#Get the workers out of the reservoir and lock the door.<br />
#In the magma reservoir, close the drain and open the inlet to fill it with magma.<br />
#Remember to close the inlet floodgate of your obsidian caster.<br />
#Make sure that your side-support is clear.<br />
#When the magma reservoir is full, use your firing lever to restart the process.<br />
<br />
== More information ==<br />
The original discussion of this trick, including how to make the piston reusable, can be found in [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=59894.0 this forum thread].<br />
<br />
{{Category|Constructions}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Magma&diff=144775v0.31:Magma2011-04-06T09:41:34Z<p>Norseman: Fixing formatting - the table of contents was broken</p>
<hr />
<div>{{av}}{{Quality|Exceptional|21:13, 6 July 2010 (UTC)}}<br />
'''Magma''' is a red-hot {{l|flow|fluid}} that wells up from deep within the earth - but not too deep to be found by dwarves. Magma that is above the ground is called '''Lava''' but is still the same exact substance. Magma is very [[fun]].<br />
<br />
Magma serves as an energy source, powering {{L|magma smelter}}s, {{L|magma forge}}s, {{L|magma glass furnace}}s, and {{L|magma kiln}}s. Magma is ''extremely'' hot which can lead to a lot of {{L|fun}}. In the current version magma seems a bit slower to burn things. Workers that dig into a magma reservoir are not instantly killed as the magma touches them and can often scramble to safety{{verify}} as long as they are not fully immersed in 7/7 magma. It's worth noting that magma never seems to blink with {{l|flow}} now either.<br />
<br />
The list of materials that are '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' has been expanded considerably in this version. Magma never cools, but can {{L|evaporation|evaporate}} if left at a depth of 1/7 for long enough. When magma is mixed with water it forms {{L|obsidian}}. Note that magma located above {{L|semi-molten rock}} will be listed as a Magma Flow and cannot be cooled into {{L|Obsidian}}.<br />
<br />
=== Bringing Magma Up ===<br />
<br />
Magma can be brought to the surface by two different methods:{{L|pump|pump stack}}s, and magma pistons. Pump stacks are conceptually the simplest, but require an enormous amount of in-game time to make. Magma pistons tend to be faster to make, but require more time to understand how to build them.<br />
<br />
==== Pump stacks ====<br />
Pumping magma up from the magma sea via a conventional {{L|pump|pump stack}} is a lot of work, requiring hundreds of pumps and vast amounts of power. Making all of the pumps {{L|magma safe}} also requires a lot of precious materials like steel or glass.<br />
<br />
==== Magma pistons ====<br />
The piston method requires much less work than pump stacks. It's based on a clever abuse of {{L|cave-in}} {{L|physics}}. The basic principle involves channeling out an area around a huge stone pillar, hundreds of z-levels tall, which will become the "piston" that drives magma to the top. Rest the piston on a single support, then carve out a tank at its base which will be filled with magma pumped from the magma sea. ('''Beware:''' building the piston directly over the magma sea will '''NOT''' work!) Once the tank has been filled, drop the piston by removing its support. Liquids displaced by a cave-in will "teleport" straight up to the nearest available space; here, the nearest available space will be the catchment area you thoughtfully prepared earlier atop the piston. <br />
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An simple magma piston works as shown in the following diagram:<br />
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'''Key:'''<br />
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'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
<font color="#F00">~</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#777">S</font> = <font color="#777">'''Support'''</font> <br />
<font color="#970">_</font> = <font color="#970">'''Floor hatch or bridge (your choice)'''</font><br />
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{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Basic magma piston design'''<br />
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When the support is destroyed, the wall sections in the middle will fall down into the magma. The magma will teleport to the top of the piston, as shown in the following diagram:<br />
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A magma piston is composed of 4-5 parts: the catchment area, the magma reservoir, the support, the piston, and the obsidian caster (optional).<br />
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===== Catchment area =====<br />
:The '''catchment area''' is located at the top of the piston. After the piston is dropped, the magma will spread out around the catchment area. In a repeating magma piston, some of the magma is used to cast obsidian on top of the piston, in order to reuse it. The volume and size of the catchment area must be carefully calculated to ensure that you won't have too much or too little magma above the piston for casting. Ideally, you want the depth of the magma above the piston to be 2. If the depth is 1, then the magma might evaporate and you won't be able to repair your piston. If the depth is greater than 2, then you're wasting magma if you cast it into obsidian.<br />
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===== Magma reservoir =====<br />
:The '''magma reservoir''' is dug out near the magma sea. You can't actually drop the piston directly into the magma sea because the bottom of the magma sea is {{L|semi-molten rock}}, and it will completely destroy any piston dropped into it. The magma reservoir is artificial, so it won't have a floor made of semi-molten rock. This will allow the piston to rest on the floor of your reservoir. The magma reservoir needs three parts: a magma inlet, a magma drain, and an access corridor. After letting magma in, and dropping the piston, you'll want to dig out the bottom of the piston so you can drop it again. To do that, you need to drain any excess magma and let your workers in through the access corridor.<br />
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===== Support =====<br />
:The '''support''' is what prevents your piston from dropping until you decide to pull the firing lever. The support can be located either at the bottom of the piston, as shown in the simplified diagram, or at the side of the piston (shown in the following diagram). If the support is at the bottom of the piston, then the support and the mechanism it uses must both be magma-safe. If it's at the side, then neither need to be magma-safe. Here's an example of a side-mounted support:<br />
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: '''Key:'''<br />
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'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
'''P''' = '''Piston'''<br />
'''X''' = '''Up/Down stairs'''<br />
<font color="#777">S</font> = <font color="#777">'''Support'''</font> <br />
<font color="#970">_</font> = <font color="#970">'''Floor hatch or bridge (your choice)'''</font><br />
<font color="#444">=</font> = <font color="#444">'''Constructed floor'''</font><br />
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:In this diagram, you can see the catchment area at the top, and the piston in the middle of the shaft. The support structure is to the left. When the support element collapses, the two constructed floors will become unsupported, and then the piston will collapse. The stairs and hatch to the left of the constructed floors allows for convenient reconstruction of the support.<br />
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===== Piston =====<br />
:The '''piston''' is the heart of the scheme. It may be 100-200 z-levels long, so it will take quite a while for your miners to dig it out. The safest and fastest way to dig out the piston is to make up/down stairs instead of channeling it out. When you're ready, you can use a cave-in to destroy the stairs. You may encounter trouble with caverns. Ideally, you should scout out the caverns and find a clear path straight down. If you can't find such a path, you can fix the problem as follows:<br />
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|+'''Initial problem'''<br />
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:First, smooth the top and bottom, like so:<br />
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:Now drop the top of the piston on to the floor of the cavern. You can use a cave-in to destroy the stairs quickly.<br />
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===== Obsidian caster =====<br />
:The '''obsidian caster''' is what allows you to rebuild your piston and get more magma. The caster just needs to precisely dump water into the catchment area in order to form obsidian. A caster is composed of two parts: a water inlet, and a retracting bridge. Here's a sample design:<br />
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: '''Key:'''<br />
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'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
'''P''' = '''Piston'''<br />
<font color="#970">F</font> = <font color="#970">'''Closed floodgate'''</font><br />
<font color="#00F">±</font> = <font color="#00F">'''Retracting bridge with water'''</font><br />
<font color="#F00">±</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Retracting bridge with magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#F00">~</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#00F">~</font> = <font color="#00F">'''Water'''</font><br />
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:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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<br />
:When you retract the bridge at the top, the water will fall straight down, and you'll get the following result:<br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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<br />
===== Magma piston operation =====<br />
:The general procedure for operating a repeatable magma piston is as follows:<br />
<br />
:#Pull your firing lever to collapse the side support, thus dropping the piston into the magma.<br />
:#In the magma reservoir, close the inlet and open the drain to allow workers in later.<br />
:#Retract the bridge of the obsidian caster to rebuild the piston.<br />
:#Extend the bridge of the obsidian caster and open the inlet floodgate, to refill your caster.<br />
:#Reconstruct the side support and re-link it to your firing lever.<br />
:#Pump/drain any magma you want to use out of the catchment area.<br />
:#Allow workers into the magma reservoir when it's safe, and dig out the bottom of the piston.<br />
:#Get the workers out of the reservoir and lock the door.<br />
:#In the magma reservoir, close the drain and open the inlet to fill it with magma.<br />
:#Remember to close the inlet floodgate of your obsidian caster.<br />
:#Make sure that your side-support is clear.<br />
:#When the magma reservoir is full, use your firing lever to restart the process.<br />
<br />
The original discussion of this trick, including how to make the piston reusable, can be found in [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=59894.0 this forum thread].<br />
<br />
<br />
===Magma pools===<br />
Although the name suggests them as pools, they are actually pipes (Unknown why Toady changed the name). They can be found underground, however they rarely reach the upper z-levels (40+). Most end just a few z-levels above the magma sea, though some may span more than 100 z-levels.<br />
Magma pools seem to be always connected to a magma sea, and the sea and pipe can occasionally reach up to the same level, making them hard to separate. However, magma pools can be identified by the obsidian walls which surround them.<br />
Magma pools will slowly refill themselves, giving the player an infinite source of magma.<br />
<br />
===Volcanoes===<br />
{{l|volcano|Volcanoes}} are magma pools that extend all the way to the surface. Volcanoes are an endless source of magma as they will always refill themselves.<br />
<br />
===Properties of magma===<br />
Magma behaves the same way as water with the exception of not being affected by {{l|pressure}}, unless pressurized by a {{l|pump}}, and apparently not showing {{l|flow}}. Magma will turn into {{l|obsidian}}<sup>1</sup> if it touches {{l|water}}. In the game, magma's temperature is 12,000 (2,032°F, or about 1,111°C). See the list of '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' materials for more information on what can (or cannot) be safely submerged in magma.<br />
<br />
Tiles directly adjacent to magma will be heated to a temperature of 10,075 (107°F, or about 42°C), causing revealed unmined tiles to flash with {{Tile|☼|6:4:1}} when placing digging designations and causing unrevealed mining-designated tiles to cancel their designation (with a "warm stone" warning) once they are revealed.<br />
<br />
<small><sup>1</sup> - the rock that is used when magma mixes with water is the first rock encountered to have the [LAVA] tag ''during worldgen''.</small><br />
<br />
===Dangers of magma===<br />
Magma is not immediately fatal when first touched. It is dangerous to stand in magma, but dwarves will generally only suffer minor burns when running from a flow. Most creatures can survive standing on even a completely filled magma tile for a single step, but any more and they will likely die.<br />
<br />
Unlike how waterfalls create mist magmafalls create no magma mist, yet if some debris from a [[cave-in]] lands in some magma a deadly cloud of [[magma mist]] is released.<br />
<br />
{{Category|Physics}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Magma&diff=144774v0.31:Magma2011-04-06T09:37:23Z<p>Norseman: /* Magma Sea */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{av}}{{Quality|Exceptional|21:13, 6 July 2010 (UTC)}}<br />
'''Magma''' is a red-hot {{l|flow|fluid}} that wells up from deep within the earth - but not too deep to be found by dwarves. Magma that is above the ground is called '''Lava''' but is still the same exact substance. Magma is very [[fun]].<br />
<br />
Magma serves as an energy source, powering {{L|magma smelter}}s, {{L|magma forge}}s, {{L|magma glass furnace}}s, and {{L|magma kiln}}s. Magma is ''extremely'' hot which can lead to a lot of {{L|fun}}. In the current version magma seems a bit slower to burn things. Workers that dig into a magma reservoir are not instantly killed as the magma touches them and can often scramble to safety{{verify}} as long as they are not fully immersed in 7/7 magma. It's worth noting that magma never seems to blink with {{l|flow}} now either.<br />
<br />
The list of materials that are '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' has been expanded considerably in this version. Magma never cools, but can {{L|evaporation|evaporate}} if left at a depth of 1/7 for long enough. When magma is mixed with water it forms {{L|obsidian}}. Note that magma located above {{L|semi-molten rock}} will be listed as a Magma Flow and cannot be cooled into {{L|Obsidian}}.<br />
<br />
=== Bringing Magma Up ===<br />
<br />
Magma can be brought to the surface by two different methods:{{L|pump|pump stack}}s, and magma pistons. Pump stacks are conceptually the simplest, but require an enormous amount of in-game time to make. Magma pistons tend to be faster to make, but require more time to understand how to build them.<br />
<br />
==== Pump stacks ====<br />
Pumping magma up from the magma sea via a conventional {{L|pump|pump stack}} is a lot of work, requiring hundreds of pumps and vast amounts of power. Making all of the pumps {{L|magma safe}} also requires a lot of precious materials like steel or glass.<br />
<br />
==== Magma pistons ====<br />
The piston method requires much less work than pump stacks. It's based on a clever abuse of {{L|cave-in}} {{L|physics}}. The basic principle involves channeling out an area around a huge stone pillar, hundreds of z-levels tall, which will become the "piston" that drives magma to the top. Rest the piston on a single support, then carve out a tank at its base which will be filled with magma pumped from the magma sea. ('''Beware:''' building the piston directly over the magma sea will '''NOT''' work!) Once the tank has been filled, drop the piston by removing its support. Liquids displaced by a cave-in will "teleport" straight up to the nearest available space; here, the nearest available space will be the catchment area you thoughtfully prepared earlier atop the piston. <br />
<br />
An simple magma piston works as shown in the following diagram:<br />
<br />
'''Key:'''<br />
<br />
'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
<font color="#F00">~</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#777">S</font> = <font color="#777">'''Support'''</font> <br />
<font color="#970">_</font> = <font color="#970">'''Floor hatch or bridge (your choice)'''</font><br />
<br />
{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Basic magma piston design'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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<br />
When the support is destroyed, the wall sections in the middle will fall down into the magma. The magma will teleport to the top of the piston, as shown in the following diagram:<br />
<br />
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<br />
A magma piston is composed of 4-5 parts: the catchment area, the magma reservoir, the support, the piston, and the obsidian caster (optional).<br />
<br />
===== Catchment area =====<br />
:The '''catchment area''' is located at the top of the piston. After the piston is dropped, the magma will spread out around the catchment area. In a repeating magma piston, some of the magma is used to cast obsidian on top of the piston, in order to reuse it. The volume and size of the catchment area must be carefully calculated to ensure that you won't have too much or too little magma above the piston for casting. Ideally, you want the depth of the magma above the piston to be 2. If the depth is 1, then the magma might evaporate and you won't be able to repair your piston. If the depth is greater than 2, then you're wasting magma if you cast it into obsidian.<br />
<br />
===== Magma reservoir =====<br />
:The '''magma reservoir''' is dug out near the magma sea. You can't actually drop the piston directly into the magma sea because the bottom of the magma sea is {{L|semi-molten rock}}, and it will completely destroy any piston dropped into it. The magma reservoir is artificial, so it won't have a floor made of semi-molten rock. This will allow the piston to rest on the floor of your reservoir. The magma reservoir needs three parts: a magma inlet, a magma drain, and an access corridor. After letting magma in, and dropping the piston, you'll want to dig out the bottom of the piston so you can drop it again. To do that, you need to drain any excess magma and let your workers in through the access corridor.<br />
<br />
===== Support =====<br />
:The '''support''' is what prevents your piston from dropping until you decide to pull the firing lever. The support can be located either at the bottom of the piston, as shown in the simplified diagram, or at the side of the piston (shown in the following diagram). If the support is at the bottom of the piston, then the support and the mechanism it uses must both be magma-safe. If it's at the side, then neither need to be magma-safe. Here's an example of a side-mounted support:<br />
<br />
: '''Key:'''<br />
<br />
'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
'''P''' = '''Piston'''<br />
'''X''' = '''Up/Down stairs'''<br />
<font color="#777">S</font> = <font color="#777">'''Support'''</font> <br />
<font color="#970">_</font> = <font color="#970">'''Floor hatch or bridge (your choice)'''</font><br />
<font color="#444">=</font> = <font color="#444">'''Constructed floor'''</font><br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Side-mounted support'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|X<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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<br />
:In this diagram, you can see the catchment area at the top, and the piston in the middle of the shaft. The support structure is to the left. When the support element collapses, the two constructed floors will become unsupported, and then the piston will collapse. The stairs and hatch to the left of the constructed floors allows for convenient reconstruction of the support.<br />
<br />
===== Piston =====<br />
:The '''piston''' is the heart of the scheme. It may be 100-200 z-levels long, so it will take quite a while for your miners to dig it out. The safest and fastest way to dig out the piston is to make up/down stairs instead of channeling it out. When you're ready, you can use a cave-in to destroy the stairs. You may encounter trouble with caverns. Ideally, you should scout out the caverns and find a clear path straight down. If you can't find such a path, you can fix the problem as follows:<br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Initial problem'''<br />
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<br />
:First, smooth the top and bottom, like so:<br />
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:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
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:Now drop the top of the piston on to the floor of the cavern. You can use a cave-in to destroy the stairs quickly.<br />
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<br />
===== Obsidian caster =====<br />
:The '''obsidian caster''' is what allows you to rebuild your piston and get more magma. The caster just needs to precisely dump water into the catchment area in order to form obsidian. A caster is composed of two parts: a water inlet, and a retracting bridge. Here's a sample design:<br />
<br />
: '''Key:'''<br />
<br />
'''#''' = '''Wall'''<br />
'''P''' = '''Piston'''<br />
<font color="#970">F</font> = <font color="#970">'''Closed floodgate'''</font><br />
<font color="#00F">±</font> = <font color="#00F">'''Retracting bridge with water'''</font><br />
<font color="#F00">±</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Retracting bridge with magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#F00">~</font> = <font color="#F00">'''Magma'''</font><br />
<font color="#00F">~</font> = <font color="#00F">'''Water'''</font><br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|+'''Obsidian caster'''<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|F<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|±<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|±<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
:When you retract the bridge at the top, the water will fall straight down, and you'll get the following result:<br />
<br />
:{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #00F; padding: 0"|~<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|F<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"| <br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"| <br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|±<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #F00; padding: 0"|±<br />
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|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"<br />
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|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|P<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|<br />
|style="color: #000; padding: 0"|#<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===== Magma piston operation =====<br />
:The general procedure for operating a repeatable magma piston is as follows:<br />
<br />
:#Pull your firing lever to collapse the side support, thus dropping the piston into the magma.<br />
:#In the magma reservoir, close the inlet and open the drain to allow workers in later.<br />
:#Retract the bridge of the obsidian caster to rebuild the piston.<br />
:#Extend the bridge of the obsidian caster and open the inlet floodgate, to refill your caster.<br />
:#Reconstruct the side support and re-link it to your firing lever.<br />
:#Pump/drain any magma you want to use out of the catchment area.<br />
:#Allow workers into the magma reservoir when it's safe, and dig out the bottom of the piston.<br />
:#Get the workers out of the reservoir and lock the door.<br />
:#In the magma reservoir, close the drain and open the inlet to fill it with magma.<br />
:#Remember to close the inlet floodgate of your obsidian caster.<br />
:#Make sure that your side-support is clear.<br />
:#When the magma reservoir is full, use your firing lever to restart the process.<br />
<br />
The original discussion of this trick, including how to make the piston reusable, can be found in [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=59894.0 this forum thread].<br />
<br />
==Magma pools==<br />
Although the name suggests them as pools, they are actually pipes (Unknown why Toady changed the name). They can be found underground, however they rarely reach the upper z-levels (40+). Most end just a few z-levels above the magma sea, though some may span more than 100 z-levels.<br />
Magma pools seem to be always connected to a magma sea, and the sea and pipe can occasionally reach up to the same level, making them hard to separate. However, magma pools can be identified by the obsidian walls which surround them.<br />
Magma pools will slowly refill themselves, giving the player an infinite source of magma.<br />
<br />
==Volcanoes==<br />
{{l|volcano|Volcanoes}} are magma pools that extend all the way to the surface. Volcanoes are an endless source of magma as they will always refill themselves.<br />
<br />
==Properties of magma==<br />
Magma behaves the same way as water with the exception of not being affected by {{l|pressure}}, unless pressurized by a {{l|pump}}, and apparently not showing {{l|flow}}. Magma will turn into {{l|obsidian}}<sup>1</sup> if it touches {{l|water}}. In the game, magma's temperature is 12,000 (2,032°F, or about 1,111°C). See the list of '''{{l|magma-safe}}''' materials for more information on what can (or cannot) be safely submerged in magma.<br />
<br />
Tiles directly adjacent to magma will be heated to a temperature of 10,075 (107°F, or about 42°C), causing revealed unmined tiles to flash with {{Tile|☼|6:4:1}} when placing digging designations and causing unrevealed mining-designated tiles to cancel their designation (with a "warm stone" warning) once they are revealed.<br />
<br />
<small><sup>1</sup> - the rock that is used when magma mixes with water is the first rock encountered to have the [LAVA] tag ''during worldgen''.</small><br />
<br />
==Dangers of magma==<br />
Magma is not immediately fatal when first touched. It is dangerous to stand in magma, but dwarves will generally only suffer minor burns when running from a flow. Most creatures can survive standing on even a completely filled magma tile for a single step, but any more and they will likely die.<br />
<br />
Unlike how waterfalls create mist magmafalls create no magma mist, yet if some debris from a [[cave-in]] lands in some magma a deadly cloud of [[magma mist]] is released.<br />
<br />
{{Category|Physics}}</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Emi&diff=144773User talk:Emi2011-04-06T08:04:44Z<p>Norseman: /* New page request */ new section</p>
<hr />
<div>Please leave new messages by pressing the new section button. It is next to the edit button, and looks like a +. Be sure to sign your message with <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> so I know who left me the message.<br />
<br />
== Captcha ==<br />
<br />
The wiki system is set up to autoconfirm a user after 3 days of existence as a registered user. Once that's done, you'll never have to enter a captcha again. (also, it's not possible, even as an admin / bureaucrat to manually add a user to the autoconfirmed group, sorry) --[[User:Briess|Briess]] 07:37, 13 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Contact Info ==<br />
<br />
I'm on IRC nearly every waking moment. --[[User:Briess|Briess]] 20:13, 16 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==[[Template:ArticleVersion]]==<br />
''Two dozen'' consecutive edits? "Preview" just not a possibility?--[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 20:14, 17 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== cv ==<br />
So, forgive my continuing ignorance, but once the changeover happens, "cv" will then become whatever version 2010 is, right? And if so, how do we then distinguish between redirects appropriate only to the 40d legacy articles (which are currently being "corrected" using CV) and those that should go to the then truly "current version" 2010 articles?--[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 21:45, 21 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== search terms and redirects ==<br />
<br />
So a redirect chain like Gold bars -> 40d:Gold bars -> 40d:metal is correct, don't change it. Emi<br />
Hi. I'm ''sure'' what you meant was to ask ''"Why did you delete that?"'', and not presume to lecture me about how redirects work. And my response would be - ''"Why did you create it?"'' Because I didn't "change" it, I ''deleted'' it - and there's a difference, and a difference in the reasoning behind each. <br />
<br />
"Gold bars" is not really a term to link from, just not appropriate for a page title. It's not a term likely to be typed in to the search window, nor is it a wiki-article title in game terms. [[Gold]] is a perfectly valid (and existing) search term, and [[bars]] are as well, but not in the sense of "gold bars", unless you are [[construction|constructing]] horizontal or vertical bars from a single '''[[bar]]''' of [[gold]] ("bars" of gold being distinct from a "bar" of gold, for better or worse). And it's not usually a policy to create redirects, even Search redirects, based on erroneous understandings of the layout of the wiki. (If so, "silver bars", "copper bars", "bismuth bronze battle axe" and "narrow giant cave spider silk trousers" could all be included by some well meaning user based on one User's example - and that's more work than I want. Or any Admin.) More, "gold bars" is plural, which breaks yet another rule. So why, pray, do we need it in the first place? Lastly, if "gold bars" ''were'' a valid search or redirect term, I would think it should redirect to either "bar", the item (to clarify what a "bar" is, gold or not), or "gold" (the [[material]], to address that aspect), rather than [[metal]], which doesn't address the actual term, but is only a generally related umbrella article - but that confusion gets back to the reason I deleted it in the first place. I didn't even notice it was you that had created that page, but if I had I would have asked you this before deleting it. So... since we're here, why ''did'' you see a need to create it in the first place?<br />
<br />
And while we're on the subject, you seem to be fairly enthusiastic about redirecting every game term to cv:game term - even if they are NOT version specific. You may want to slow down before hitting every last one, since things like [[acronym]]s and such will then have to be tracked down and returned to mainspace existence. Several in the long, long list on [[:Category:Obsolete]] seem more than a bit suspect, but I suppose now that it's done only the new version will prove them so or not. --[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 02:47, 27 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
I agree that it's maybe a silly redirect, however, right now I am making sure <br />
these redirects all work properly<br />
Use some discretion. I saw a page marked N(ew), and it didn't belong. If you recognize it as "silly", then don't go to the trouble to perpetuate it. And allow me to make something else clear that you should understand. Before you replace a page that Admin has deleted, you should ask them "why?" first. Thanks so much for your understanding on that last point.--[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 03:07, 27 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
Discretion only slows down serializable tasks like the one I was doing. It's much easier to follow the <br />
same pattern over and over and then go back and do all the stuff necessary to remove a silly redirect<br />
So you are going to cover all those "silly" redirects that require it? Reassuring to hear - so long as someone has it covered, no problem then.--[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 03:18, 27 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
Also, because there's no real reason not to have most of these redirects, it's silly to bother <br />
checking each one before fixing them. If the admins at this wiki are of the "I'm an admin, so my <br />
word is law" attitude, I'm not sure this is a place I want to be.<br />
If that were the case, I would have simply acted high-handed and slapped you and not explained my reasoning - but we both know I didn't, so I'm left wondering why you even mention it. Meanwhile, I'm still waiting for ''your'' reason for replacing the page that an Admin deleted rather than asking them why they did it. Even if you ''were'' Admin, do you think that is a good approach to the situation?--[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 03:24, 27 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
I didn't notice that you had deleted it until after I had recreated it. <br />
I see.<br />
I ask again if you use either of those other communication methods...<br />
it's much easier to work these things out in real time.<br />
No, sorry. And as Admin of this wiki, I feel it's important to use this format to work these things out. Which (I hope) we've now done. Readya later.--[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 17:45, 28 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Bot edit request ==<br />
<br />
Could you change all of the non-namespace-specific article links in template pages to use [[template:L]]? This is going to be a problem soon. [[User:VengefulDonut|VengefulDonut]] 11:43, 2 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== EmiBot's Standing Orders ==<br />
Will it do that daily/hourly? B/c new pages are flying up without it. I agree it's overly long, and I thought about that, but it'll only be long for these first few days, until the immediate flurry has calmed a bit, then we back off. Right now, it's amateur hour out there, so any help is a good thing in those directions. (No automatic fixes? Urgh -that's a LOT of manual...) :P --[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 20:08, 2 April 2010 (UTC)<br /><br />
Again, I find myself waiting on an answer to my question while you focus on your own agenda - still waiting, thanks.--[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 21:06, 2 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==Deletion Template==<br />
I explained my reasoning on the talk page, but in short: (1)The mod is not at all notable. (I am not willing to claim a notable mod would not deserve a page on its own, but this is a mod that adds 4 creatures and no one talks about - hardly deserving of a page). (2) There is only one relevant piece of information about this mod - where it can be found. (3) The page doesn't even include that information, and is thus useless. (4) A link to the mod on DFFD or its forum thread, and a very short blurb ("adds 4 new mega beasts") should be added to a general mod page if the mod is going to have a presence on the wiki. --[[User:Squirrelloid|Squirrelloid]] 05:43, 5 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
:Ah, sure, i can do that. I honestly just took a stab in the dark that deletion was the right template, and didn't actually know there were options... la la la? --[[User:Squirrelloid|Squirrelloid]] 06:39, 5 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== [[Template:Alloy3]] ==<br />
<br />
I wasn't sure who to mention this to, and I apologize if it has already been noted, but this template is in use on 40d pages while the link built into the template for [[construction]] links to the "2010" namespace. Not sure what the best way to fix it would be, as I assume that the template will continue to be used. --[[User:Soy|Soy]] 16:10, 5 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
:Thanks for looking into that! However, it looks like this is going to be an issue with a lot of the existing templates that are used across both versions. I think I see what your fix does and if I get some free time this evening I would be happy to try to update what I can find unless you can think of any negative impact it would have. -- [[User:Soy|Soy]] 19:32, 5 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==nm==<br />
Yeah, I spoke before I read his talk page. And I remembered it as CMD. And he's right in that that's how it "should" be - the fact that it's not how it is in-game just an awkward DF reality. Altho', I see it as a style issue, not a coding issue.--[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 02:36, 8 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
I probably still would have argued for Cmd with a redirect from CMD.<br />
That's not an issue to take up over one page - that's a global style issue, and would change the established, existing guidelines on [[Dwarf_Fortress_Wiki:Community_Portal]]. (Not that I wouldn't mind seeing some change, but (unsurprisingly) mine are style-based critiques.) --[[User:Albedo|Albedo]] 02:39, 8 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== JS ==<br />
<br />
Thanks! :) [[User:Mason11987|Mason]] <sup>([[User talk:Mason11987|T]]-[[Special:Contributions/Mason11987|C]])</sup> 01:39, 9 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
== IRC ==<br />
my firewall is dumb on windows, so I can't get on IRC, and I don't want to spend 3 hours figuring it out :( --[[User:Briess|Briess]] 04:42, 12 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
:It is. It took me about a day to figure out how to unblock port 80 >< --[[User:Briess|Briess]] 06:12, 12 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Ban required ==<br />
<br />
Please ban [[Special:Contributions/74.222.1.40|74.222.1.40]]<br /><br />
Thank you very much =)<br /><br />
Gretings --[[User:Used|Used]] 08:12, 16 June 2010 (UTC)<br />
:Also [[Special:Contributions/121.205.89.153|121.205.89.153]]. --[[User:Quietust|Quietust]] 16:23, 16 June 2010 (UTC)<br />
::Even better: semi-protect [[Dwarf Fortress Wiki talk:Centralized Discussion]] so that only logged-in users can edit it. --[[User:Quietust|Quietust]] 16:25, 16 June 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Easiest of all: just go to [[Dwarf Fortress Wiki:Spamreport]] and ban all of the bots listed. Whenever another one shows up, I'll let you know. --[[User:Quietust|Quietust]] 21:52, 18 June 2010 (UTC)<br />
:Personally, i would've gone for a template that marks an ip, or user. Maybe like it being called UserReport, or Report, and then people could do the template thing to report a user. Not sure how that could be coded in, but it could allow administrators to be more warned and prepared to provide a look at the ip. To be honest, all these spambots are just strange. Also, deja vu, i could've sworn this happened in the exact same way before. Maybe another wiki... --[[User:Hugna|Hugna]] 22:47, 18 June 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Bug in rate script ==<br />
<br />
There's a bug in [[User:Emi/review.js]] - it's always putting the exact same timestamp: "08:00, 22 May 2010 (UTC)". --[[User:Quietust|Quietust]] 23:36, 5 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
:Can't believe I didn't notice that before. It's fixed now. :) [[user:Emi|<span style="color:#8a4e4e">Emi</span>]] [[user_talk:Emi|<span style="color:#6a3e4e">[T]</span>]] 21:10, 6 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The rating script stopped working for me. Could have something to do with maintenance? --[[User:MathFox|MathFox]] 16:49, 22 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
:Specifically, it gets to "Getting token..." and then seems to hang. --[[User:Quietust|Quietust]] 17:44, 22 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
::Oh, API probably wasn't re-enabled. Gotta wait for Briess on this one. [[user:Emi|<span style="color:#8a4e4e">Emi</span>]] [[user_talk:Emi|<span style="color:#6a3e4e">[T]</span>]] 19:33, 22 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Broken quality tags ==<br />
<br />
The quality tags are no longer showing up in the right place - they show up in the upper-left corner of the article body (just below the title) instead of the upper-right corner of the page (aligned with the title). --[[User:Quietust|Quietust]] 23:15, 21 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
:Currently quality tags show up in the upper-right corner for me. --[[User:Another|Another]] 10:57, 22 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
::Yeah, they were stealth-fixed shortly after I posted this comment (and the reply was posted on my own user page rather than here). --[[User:Quietust|Quietust]] 12:39, 22 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Confirm e-mail address throwing and error ==<br />
<br />
I got the following when trying to confirm my email address:<br />
<br />
''Confirm e-mail address<br />
<br />
''Dwarf Fortress Wiki could not send your confirmation mail. Please check your e-mail address for invalid characters.<br />
<br />
''Mailer returned: mailer error<br />
<br />
Thanks for your time and effort. --[[User:Jwest23|Jwest23]] 14:41, 22 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Main page is unavailable ==<br />
<br />
Does no one uses it?<br />
<br />
<s>I'd like to add that changing the version and creating the new Mirrors and Release Information pages don't work and show red links.</s> Nvm, it works now --Dorf2<br />
<br />
== The Grimoire of Armok ==<br />
<br />
Hey, http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=77327.0 is the topic this is based on.<br />
<br />
essentialy, were going to try make a Grimoire of Armok, and we need an online page for it to be stitched together and to eventualy host the completed version, do you mind if i use the Magma wiki? its a community work in progress, so i hope it can have a place on here.<br />
<br />
Best regards: Karakzon<br />
also whats with the 12:03, 15 February 2011 (UTC) thing?<br />
<br />
: I'm not completely sure if this is the sort of thing that belongs on dfwiki, let me get back to you on it, okay? Also, if you type exactly four tildes like <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> it will create a signature that consists of a link to your user page and a timestamp, similar to this -> [[user:Emi|<span style="color:#8a4e4e">Emi</span>]] [[user_talk:Emi|<span style="color:#6a3e4e">[T]</span>]] 04:08, 16 February 2011 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== DF2010:Release information/0.31.19 and Template:News/Mirrors/0.31.19 ==<br />
<br />
New version! Updated what I could, but that's stuff I can't. --[[User:Gamildum|Gamildum]] 15:16, 16 February 2011 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Rails Project ==<br />
<br />
I'm experienced with rails (been using it a few years) and am interested in a dfwiki project<br />
<br />
[[User:JimboOmega|JimboOmega]] 19:18, 16 February 2011 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Magmawiki ==<br />
<br />
Went there, browsed around - it seems like a rails backed wiki without any real content (and a few of the familliar "something went wrong" rails pages).<br />
<br />
What are you looking for...?<br />
<br />
== Magmawiki ==<br />
<br />
Looks pretty cool. How can I help? My email address is (my user name) @ gmail.com<br />
<br />
Can't discover your username and thus email address if you don't sign your post. :P [[User:Naros|Naros]] 21:05, 3 March 2011 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== User Page Request ==<br />
<br />
Posting here to request the creation of my user page, per the Site Announcements, primarily as a persistent workspace. Thanks in advance [[User:Valkyrie|Valkyrie]] 22:05, 22 February 2011 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Requesting the creation of my user page. I'm going to use it as a workspace and reference source for details to my projects. Thankyou Kindly.<br />
[[User:Jamesadelong|Jamesadelong]] 18:30 March 28 2011 (EST)<br />
<br />
== Dwarven Bathtub ==<br />
<br />
I, err, don't play the ANSI version. Only tried it once for about five minutes. Ever since then, I've downloaded versions with the graphics pre-installed. So I'm not sure what a Dwarven Bathtub looks like if you use the default tiles? The image is only used on the {{L|cleaning}} page, so it's not like there's a lot to change, though. The only thing I'm sure about is that the ramps are the same in both. [[User:Uristocrat|Uristocrat]] 09:16, 1 March 2011 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Non-User Page Creation ==<br />
<br />
I would like a category created called "Flowchart" so as to categorize pages like http://df.magmawiki.com/index.php/File:MetalIndustry3.jpg or http://df.magmawiki.com/index.php/From_Caravan_to_Happy_Dwarves<br />
<br />
Thank you. [[User:Shenzahn|Shenzahn]] 13:31, 1 March 2011 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== New page request ==<br />
<br />
A [[DF2010:Large pot]] page would be nice. [[User:ZCM|ZCM]] 03:54, 9 March 2011 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Can you please enable the creation of new pages for my account. I use to have this ability but somewhere it seems to have disappeared. I was going to add small pages for beekeeping and wax working. [[User:Profit|Profit]] 18:14, 12 March 2011 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Page creation requests ==<br />
<br />
Can you please create [[Template:B12Forum]] & [[Template:DFFD]]? I plan on creating up the links to the Bay12 Forums & DF File Depot with these templates. And [[Template:Release date]] I plan to use that for release dates on graphic packs & mods.<small>&nbsp;<span style="padding:0.3em;border:0.1em solid #AAA;background:#DDD;font-size:11px;color:#000;">「[[User:gu1dry|'''gu1dry''']]」<small>[[User talk:gu1dry|⊤]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Special:Contributions/Gu1dry|¢]]</small></span> 10:04, 17 March 2011 (UTC)</small><br />
*Still waiting for the pages to be created or to be told "no"....<small>&nbsp;<span style="padding:0.3em;border:0.1em solid #AAA;background:#DDD;font-size:11px;color:#000;">「[[User:gu1dry|'''gu1dry''']]」<small>[[User talk:gu1dry|⊤]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Special:Contributions/Gu1dry|¢]]</small></span> 21:04, 31 March 2011 (UTC)</small><br />
<br />
== User:hapes page ==<br />
<br />
I would like to put up quantummenace's aquifer piercing method. Can you allow me access to my use page so I can do that? Thanks.<br />
[[User:Hapes|Hapes]] 17:12, 24 March 2011 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== New page request ==<br />
<br />
Could you add a page for {{L|magma piston}}s? I'll add my edits to the {{L|magma}} page for now, but I'm worried I'm going to make that page too cluttered. -[[User:Norseman|Norseman]] 08:04, 6 April 2011 (UTC)</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Obsidian_farming&diff=144331v0.31:Obsidian farming2011-04-03T12:41:55Z<p>Norseman: Fixing a typo I made in the last edit</p>
<hr />
<div>{{quality|Fine|19:11, 6 August 2010 (UTC)}}{{av}}<br />
Obsidian farming is a method of producing {{L|obsidian}} efficiently. When {{L|magma}} contacts {{L|water}}, a tile of unworked obsidian spawns on the meeting point and both fluids disappear (from that tile). Obsidian is a valuable {{L|stone}} and both magma and water are renewable.<br />
<br />
A typical method of farming is as follows:<br />
* A rectangle hall, 2 z-levels high is dug out/constructed<br />
* Lower level of the hall is fed magma from a pump (otherwise it will fill very slowly)<br />
* Upper level of the hall is covered in water (pump is a good idea too)<br />
* Water gets removed (by a pump, opened floodgate etc.)<br />
* Resulting obsidian (on the lower level) is designated for ramping or channeling (floor between levels needs to be removed for the farm to be reused)<br />
<br />
For more advanced farms, one can have few layers of magma and water - each new layer adds another layer of obsidian, so this method is far more efficient (N - number of fluid layers, (N-1) - number of obsidian layers). Your dwarven ingenuity should be shouting "OBSIDIAN FORTRESS" by now, by the way.<br />
<br />
Try to avoid "free" magma tiles. Magma pump should pump directly into the hall, not into a tunnel leading to the hall. Results of doing otherwise include {{L|fun}}, {{L|fire}} and {{L|tantrum}}s when the obsidian is being dug out, unless the tunnel itself is sealed (with a floodgate, for example) before collection of the precious black stone (actually volcanic glass). Same tip applies to water pumps in case of obsidian fortress, except this time the only danger is {{L|mud}} and annoying messages.<br />
<br />
Note that if you add water to a tile which is as little as 1/7th full of magma, you'll create a full block of obsidian. This is particularly useful when you're operating a repeatable magma piston since one block of obsidian will displace 7/7 units of magma, and you'll only need 1-2 units of magma to make a block of obsidian to get 7 units of magma...</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Obsidian_farming&diff=144330v0.31:Obsidian farming2011-04-03T12:40:54Z<p>Norseman: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{quality|Fine|19:11, 6 August 2010 (UTC)}}{{av}}<br />
Obsidian farming is a method of producing {{L|obsidian}} efficiently. When {{L|magma}} contacts {{L|water}}, a tile of unworked obsidian spawns on the meeting point and both fluids disappear (from that tile). Obsidian is a valuable {{L|stone}} and both magma and water are renewable.<br />
<br />
A typical method of farming is as follows:<br />
* A rectangle hall, 2 z-levels high is dug out/constructed<br />
* Lower level of the hall is fed magma from a pump (otherwise it will fill very slowly)<br />
* Upper level of the hall is covered in water (pump is a good idea too)<br />
* Water gets removed (by a pump, opened floodgate etc.)<br />
* Resulting obsidian (on the lower level) is designated for ramping or channeling (floor between levels needs to be removed for the farm to be reused)<br />
<br />
For more advanced farms, one can have few layers of magma and water - each new layer adds another layer of obsidian, so this method is far more efficient (N - number of fluid layers, (N-1) - number of obsidian layers). Your dwarven ingenuity should be shouting "OBSIDIAN FORTRESS" by now, by the way.<br />
<br />
Try to avoid "free" magma tiles. Magma pump should pump directly into the hall, not into a tunnel leading to the hall. Results of doing otherwise include {{L|fun}}, {{L|fire}} and {{L|tantrum}}s when the obsidian is being dug out, unless the tunnel itself is sealed (with a floodgate, for example) before collection of the precious black stone (actually volcanic glass). Same tip applies to water pumps in case of obsidian fortress, except this time the only danger is {{L|mud}} and annoying messages.<br />
<br />
Note that if you add water to a tile which is as little as 1/7th full of mamga, you'll create a full block of obsidian. This is particularly useful when you're operating a repeatable magma piston since one block of obsidian will displace 7/7 units of magma, and you'll only need 1-2 units of magma to make a block of obsidian to get 7 units of magma...</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Hive&diff=143281v0.31:Hive2011-03-31T15:46:47Z<p>Norseman: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Quality|Fine}}{{av}}<br />
<br />
A hive is a building used to house {{L|honey bee}}s. A {{L|tool|hive}} must first be created in a workshop before it can be {{k|b}}uilt. Hives can be created at a craftsdwarf's workshop, kiln, glass furnace or metalsmith's forge using stone, wood, ceramics, glass or metal. Once a hive is created, it is {{k|b}}uilt using the {{k|alt}}+{{k|H}} hotkey.<br />
<br />
In order to house bees, a hive must be constructed on or adjacent to a tile that is {{L|Tile attributes|above ground}}. A dwarf with the {{L|beekeeping}} labor enabled will place bees in any hive toggled to "install colony when ready," so long as he or she has access to a preexisting colony of wild bees, or another hive that is ready to be split. <br />
<br />
You can find out if a hive has bees, and whether or not it has a honeycomb ready to collect by using the View I{{k|t}}ems in Buildings menu.<br />
<br />
Once a hive contains bees, it will eventually become "ready to be split," which will allow a beekeeper to populate an empty hive using bees from the original. Doing this leaves the original hive populated, however it will be some time before it again becomes ready for splitting. Bees cannot be brought with on embark, so starting the beekeeping industry requires at least one wild colony. Dwarven hives appear to magically transform {{L|bumblebee}}s into honey bees, so a wild bumblebee colony will work if no honey bee colony exists on the map.<br />
<br />
Populated hives will produce a honeycomb and a royal jelly at some point in time after they become ready to be split. If the hive is toggled to "gather any products," a beekeeper will harvest the {{L|honeycomb}} and {{L|royal jelly}}, assuming he has access to a suitable {{L|jug}} in which to put the royal jelly. This process kills the bees. Royal jelly can be eaten or cooked, and the honeycomb is processed at a {{L|screw press}} workshop to yield {{L|wax}} and {{L|honey}}.<br />
<br />
It may be possible to move a hive, but the easiest way to move it is to simply split one into the new location, turn off the original one, and harvest it.<br />
<br />
Honeybees in their artificial hive can and will sting your dwarves. Worker bees occasionally appear within a few tiles of a hive and are presumed to be responsible for stinging dwarves. It is likely that an inexperienced beekeeper will receive a bee sting when gathering the products of a hive. Additionally, it has been observed that placing a {{L|Activity zone#Meeting Area|Meeting zone}} next to hives puts idle dwarves at serious risk of being stung. <br />
<br />
Bee stings currently seem to be inconsequential. Bee stings do not appear to be recorded as wounds, but the {{L|Health screen}} will show "Slight pain" for the stung dwarf. Being stung does not seem to produce a bad thought. But don't be surprised if your refuse pile fills up with bees that have been punched to death.</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Hive&diff=143280v0.31:Hive2011-03-31T15:45:25Z<p>Norseman: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Quality|Fine}}{{av}}<br />
<br />
A hive is a building used to house {{L|honey bee}}s. A {{L|tool|hive}} must first be created in a workshop before it can be {{k|b}}uilt. Hives can be created at a craftsdwarf's workshop, kiln, glass furnace or metalsmith's forge using stone, wood, ceramics, glass or metal. Once a hive is created, it is {{k|b}}uilt using the {{k|alt}}+{{k|H}} hotkey.<br />
<br />
In order to house bees, a hive must be constructed on or adjacent to a tile that is {{L|Tile attributes|above ground}}. A dwarf with the {{L|beekeeping}} labor enabled will place bees in any hive toggled to "install colony when ready," so long as he or she has access to a preexisting colony of wild bees, or another hive that is ready to be split. <br />
<br />
You can find out if a hive has bees, and whether or not it has a honeycomb ready to collect by using the Vhow I{{t|b}}ems in Buildings menu.<br />
<br />
Once a hive contains bees, it will eventually become "ready to be split," which will allow a beekeeper to populate an empty hive using bees from the original. Doing this leaves the original hive populated, however it will be some time before it again becomes ready for splitting. Bees cannot be brought with on embark, so starting the beekeeping industry requires at least one wild colony. Dwarven hives appear to magically transform {{L|bumblebee}}s into honey bees, so a wild bumblebee colony will work if no honey bee colony exists on the map.<br />
<br />
Populated hives will produce a honeycomb and a royal jelly at some point in time after they become ready to be split. If the hive is toggled to "gather any products," a beekeeper will harvest the {{L|honeycomb}} and {{L|royal jelly}}, assuming he has access to a suitable {{L|jug}} in which to put the royal jelly. This process kills the bees. Royal jelly can be eaten or cooked, and the honeycomb is processed at a {{L|screw press}} workshop to yield {{L|wax}} and {{L|honey}}.<br />
<br />
It may be possible to move a hive, but the easiest way to move it is to simply split one into the new location, turn off the original one, and harvest it.<br />
<br />
Honeybees in their artificial hive can and will sting your dwarves. Worker bees occasionally appear within a few tiles of a hive and are presumed to be responsible for stinging dwarves. It is likely that an inexperienced beekeeper will receive a bee sting when gathering the products of a hive. Additionally, it has been observed that placing a {{L|Activity zone#Meeting Area|Meeting zone}} next to hives puts idle dwarves at serious risk of being stung. <br />
<br />
Bee stings currently seem to be inconsequential. Bee stings do not appear to be recorded as wounds, but the {{L|Health screen}} will show "Slight pain" for the stung dwarf. Being stung does not seem to produce a bad thought. But don't be surprised if your refuse pile fills up with bees that have been punched to death.</div>Norsemanhttps://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php?title=v0.31:Honey&diff=143255v0.31:Honey2011-03-31T09:11:29Z<p>Norseman: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{quality|Fine|15:27, 27 March 2011 (UTC)}}{{av}}<br />
<br />
'''Honey''' is a type of {{L|food}}, produced as part of the {{L|beekeeping industry}}. To obtain honey, a {{L|honeycomb}} gathered from a {{L|hive}} is processed at a {{L|screw press}}. Honey is stored in a {{L|glazing|glazed}} {{L|jug}}. As a by product of pressing a honeycomb, a bar of {{L|wax}} is also produced. Honey may be eaten, {{L|cook|cooked}} at a {{L|kitchen}}, or {{L|brewing|brewed}} into {{L|alcohol|mead}} at a {{L|still}}. Honey has a low value of 1. However, if you turn it into mead (which also has a value of 1 per unit), you can turn 1 unit of honey into 5 units of mead.<br />
<br />
{{Category|Food}}</div>Norseman