Dwarf Fortress Wiki - User contributions [en]

Aquifer

2020-03-02T09:58:36Z

PALU: Modified light/heavy aquifer description

{{Quality|Masterwork|15:04, 18 May 2015 (UTC)}}
{{av}}
[[File:aqua_varied.png|thumb|right|158px|Area with a varied aquifer.]]An '''aquifer''' is a subterranean layer of [[water|groundwater]]-bearing rock or [[soil]]. Attempts to mine through the layer will result in the mined-out squares immediately filling with [[water]], effectively halting excavation at or below the aquifer level. This, in conjunction with the fact that they are often located in areas rich in [[loam]] and [[sand]], makes it difficult to find great quantities of [[stone]] in areas with aquifers, making for more challenging gameplay.

Aquifers can't be drained - the groundwater is limitless. In stone aquifer layers, [[smoothing]] the walls will stop the production of water. Aquifers do not only produce water - an aquifer tile will absorb any amount of pressurized water from neighboring tiles (effectively draining all layers above the aquifer). As with water production, this ability will not be disabled no matter how much water it absorbs.

Aquifers located in [[ocean]] [[biome]]s will produce salty water; aquifers in other biomes will produce freshwater. The frequency of aquifers differ between embark locations. There are two types of aquifers: {{DFtext|Light aquifer|1:1}} and {{DFtext|Varied aquifer|1:1}}, where the light one was introduced in 0.47.01, and the heavy one works as it did in previous version. In addition to these two, DF can also display {{DFtext|Varied aquifer|1:1}} on the pre embark screen, which means there are some tiles with light and some tiles with heavy aquifers in the embark rectangle (also note that the biomes of neighboring tiles can "spill over" into a tile, resulting in different, unannounced, aquifers in those parts).

== Where they are found ==

Aquifers appear based on the elevation of the terrain. Low elevations, particularly those near rivers and oceans are more prone to having an aquifer present, while locations closer to mountains are much less likely, but still possible.

Layers which '''can''' contain aquifers:
*[[sandy clay loam]]
*[[silty clay loam]]
*[[loam]]
*[[sandy loam]]
*[[silt loam]]
*[[loamy sand]]
*[[silt]]
*[[sand (tan)|sand]]
*[[yellow sand]]
*[[white sand]]
*[[black sand]]
*[[red sand]]
*[[peat]]
*[[pelagic clay]]
*[[calcareous ooze]]
*[[siliceous ooze]]
*[[sandstone]]
*[[conglomerate]]
*[[puddingstone]]



Layers which '''can't''' contain aquifers, despite their names suggesting otherwise:
*[[clay]]
*[[silty clay]]
*[[sandy clay]]
*[[clay loam]]
*[[siltstone]]
*[[mudstone]]

== What they do ==

Aquifers are tiles which produce water in their ''neighboring'' tiles -- north, south, east, west, and below. They do not produce water in the tile above them, or any diagonal tiles. Note that [[smoothing|smoothed]], mined, carved staircase, or channeled aquifer tiles no longer produce water.

Empirically, in a heavy aquifer, each aquifer-adjacent tile will gain 1/7 water every 14 ticks on average, though production has been observed to vary from 2-28 ticks. This rate does not appear to change significantly based on the number of adjacent aquifer tiles.

Unmined heavy aquifer tiles also act as an infinite ''sink'' for water, just like an open map edge. A single aquifer tile can absorb any amount of [[pressure|pressurized]] water each tick, limited only by the supply. One less obvious consequence is that if an opening is made through a multi-layer aquifer, only the lowest opened layer will ever fill with water. Tiles in a light aquifer do not appear to absorb water.

If you are digging an up/down staircase in the downward direction, and you hit an aquifer, the aquifer tile will be revealed as damp soil or stone, and the digging job will be un-designated for that tile. If you are mining horizontally, you will similarly be warned of a "damp stone" before breaching the aquifer.

If you are digging an up/down staircase in the ''upward'' direction, or a ramp, and you hit an aquifer from below, the aquifer tile will immediately start producing water in the stairwell, thus leading to a lot of [[Fun]].

== Dealing with aquifers ==

Light aquifers of any depth can be penetrated easily by digging out one level at a time and walling it off reasonably quickly. The rest of this article is primarily relevant for heavy aquifers.

===Probing an aquifer===

You can discover what layer lies below an aquifer layer by digging up/down stairs into the aquifer. This will reveal the tile below the aquifer layer, and if this is non-aquifer (for example, clay, ore or bedrock) then you know the aquifer is only 1z deep at that location. This method can only be used to determine whether the aquifer is 1 layer deep, or multiple layers deep, but this is enough to help plan how to penetrate it. Using a pump-based method is highly recommended for multiple layer aquifers.

===Going around===

If your embark site is covered by multiple biomes, there is a chance the aquifer is not present in every biome. In some maps this may be indicated by an outcropping of stone in a landscape otherwise composed of soil; in other maps the change in biome might be visible as a change in soil type, vegetation type or density. You might be able to dig down through a biome that doesn't have an aquifer, to a Z-level below the aquifer, and then (if you wish) tunnel beneath the aquifer to the previously -inaccessible region.

Even if all the biomes of your site contain aquifers, they might not all be at the same Z-level, so you still might be able to dig down in one biome, reaching a Z-level beneath the aquifer in another biome.

Additionally, if your biome contains deep cliffs, for instance, in the form of a river gorge, it may be possible to build a staircase down the side of the gorge past the aquifer.

===Working in aquifers===

The techniques below involve working ''in'' aquifers, and some points to keep in mind include:

*Water on the tile where a worker is standing will cause job cancellations. A construction job (e.g. wall building) will be suspended by 2/7 depth, but a mining job will only be stopped by 4/7 depth of water.
* Flowing water will cause parents to drop their infants, leading to job cancellations and occasionally [[fun]].
* Aquifers do not create water in diagonal tiles, but do create water in open tiles directly below them. Therefore, you will want to dig two z-levels below the lowest aquifer layer before continuing with your fortress.

===The double slit method===
{{Main|Double-slit method}}
This is one of the most commonly-used methods, due to its convenience and power. It was originally developed by QuantumMenace, and is also mentioned below under [[#The pump method|the pump method]].

=== The hatch trick ===
The hatch trick is a simple method for putting one or two dwarves through a single aquifer layer. (This is not to be mistaken with only working for a single layer aquifer.) You can use the trick to essentially bypass the problematic final layer of a multi-layer aquifer, allowing access to the rock layers and caverns before you've put a sealed staircase through the aquifer.

First you must dig a pair of up/down stairs into the aquifer (i.e. as in twin slit), while draining one of the tiles with a screw pump, simply build a hatch on the tile (the hatch must be built on a downstairs or up/down stairs for the trick to work). Once the hatch is constructed, with the pump still operating, designate an up/down staircase under the hatch, a miner will dig the staircase out while standing 'on top' of the hatch, he can then pass through the hatch to continue digging, the hatch will let 1-2 water through with him before closing and preventing further water from following the miner. The miner is now safely under the aquifer and can dig down to the caverns or to the map edge and establish a drain, allowing you to use the much faster [[#The drainage method|drainage from below method]] to finish penetrating the aquifer. This can save a lot of time for multiple-layer aquifers where the final layer is sand. It is also quicker and cleaner than cave-in for single layer aquifers if you plan to extend a staircase straight down to the caverns anyway (making the drain essentially free).

===The ore method===

On maps where the aquifer is not held in a layer of soil, but instead is held in a [[sedimentary layer]] such as sandstone, it may be possible to tunnel down through deposits of ore such as [[magnetite]]. For this to work you have to find a spot where there is coincidentally an ore deposit on each Z-level you need to dig through. This is only possible through tiresome trial and error, or through the use of a utility like DFHack's <tt>reveal</tt>. The trial and error method can be accomplished somewhat more easily by digging up/down stairs to reveal the layer underneath them without actually digging into the underlying layer. This method is more complicated with aquifers located in layers of [[conglomerate]], as large clusters of [[puddingstone]] will support the aquifer and thus cannot be used to provide a path through it.

===The chicken run technique===

In earlier versions of the game, this term meant having a reasonably fast/skilled miner dig a set of up/down staircases faster than the water from the aquifer could fall down the stairs and block movement into the mining tile. With luck, a miner could breach the caverns this way, allowing the aquifer water to drain. After the addition of job priorities, this became impossible. Now, when a newly revealed damp tile cancels mining, the miner will revert to "No Job" status and will take a few dozen ticks to resume mining. In that time, the miner will walk away and the site will be flooded, making the tile below unreachable.{{version|0.40.23}}

A limited but extremely useful variant of this technique still exists. By digging downward staircases in the layer above the aquifer, those tiles can be revealed as damp, and thus will not trigger the mining cancellation. A sufficiently fast miner (Professional or so should do for soil layers, depending on agility) can then dig a stair in one of the tiles, and before that tile floods, channel out an adjacent tile. The channel will breach the layer below, and if that layer is also an aquifer, it will of course act as an infinite drain for water from above. This then opens the possibility of opening space to work in the upper layer.

While not a direct staircase in the original method, establishing a drain with just a pick is also possible with a dabbling miner. One can channel an aquifer tile from up to four ramps dug at the corners of the tile to be channeled, such that the channel priority is higher than the ramp-digging priority. Using this, one can establish drains into the next level of a soil aquifer, as digging progress accumulates in revealed tiles.

If you fail to mine fast enough, or if flowing water pushes your miner down the channeled ramp, the dwarf will usually walk up the stairs to safety, but it is possible that the miner might <s>drown</s> have fun. In stone aquifers, a legendary miner can manage with one attempt at channeling, and at minimum, a proficient miner can manage with four, though in the second case they'll risk drowning and can take weeks to dig the next channel to expand the drain.

===Exploiting cave-ins===

Conceptually this method involves removing the aquifer-bearing sand, soil or rock using channeling, and then dropping an island of dry sand, soil or clay into the resulting pond, a staircase can then be dug through the center of the resulting artificial island. This requires at least one natural dry layer, but is more flexible if two or more are available. An advantage of these methods is that they can be carried out by a single miner with no resources other than a pick.

This does not work with [[construction|constructed]] walls since they deconstruct on cave-in.

'''Note:''' There is a bug{{bug|1206}} that can occasionally prevent this method from working. Collapsed layers often turn into the layer type that was dug out at the level where they land (e.g. dry loam becomes dry sand). On occasion, a dry layer collapsed into an aquifer will also transform into actual aquifer tiles (e.g. dry loam becomes water-producing sand). It is unknown what triggers this behavior, but when it occurs it will be impossible to pierce the aquifer using cave-ins.

When unmined tiles collapse into a liquid, the displaced liquid teleports to sit ''on top'' of the collapsed tiles. Thus, when plugging an aquifer, it is usually advisable to incorporate aquifer drain space into the design to dispose of the displaced water.

====Cave-in example====

[[File:Aquifer-Plug.png|frame|none|Note: Side View]]

*Dig stairs down to the aquifer. Dig over the aquifer layer but under your "plug". You'll need a 5x5 landmass. (Slide 2)
*Channel out the area the plug will fall into. (Slide 3)
*Leave a single floor tile on top of the plug and dig out the outer layer of your plug. The plug should be a 3x3 landmass now. The single floor tile must keep the plug from falling. (Slide 3)
*Channel out the floor tile holding up the plug. (Slides 4 & 5)
*Construct floor tiles to reach the plug and dig through the middle to get under the aquifer. (Slide 6)

====Concentric Ring Method for Multiple Layers====

If you build many rings inside one another in your top drop layer, you can breach multi-level aquifers with as little as 2 natural layers of dry soil above it. Drop the rings from the outside to the inside using constructed arms to hold the center rings in place. Once a ring drops into the water below it, pump out the water in the center and dig down another layer. When that is complete, drop the next ring and continue the process until you are through. Since you start dropping rings from the outside it is necessary to know how many levels deep the aquifer is before you begin. 
Tutorial for more than one Aquifier can be found here: [[User:Rhenaya/HowtoDualAquifer]]

====Chicken-run plug====

This method was developed for a single-pick challenge on a hostile biome. In the specific (but common) case of a 2-Z thick soil aquifer, with two dry layers above, it is possible to very quickly penetrate the aquifer using a cave-in without breaching the surface and compromising the fort's security. The method starts with a Chicken Run (see above), after which an area of the upper aquifer level is cleared out with drainage into the lower level. The lower dry level is then collapsed, which means that the sub-surface level only needs to be mined (to release the plug) rather than collapsed as part of the plug.

The procedure is described in detail {{Forum|129994.msg4620421#msg4620421|in this and the following posts}}.

While not yet demonstrated, it should be possible to use successive cycles of chicken-running and clearing to pierce arbitrarily deep soil aquifers this way.

===The pump method===

The pumping method uses one or more [[screw pump|pumps]] to keep an area dry long enough to smooth or [[wall]] off the sides, stopping the flow of water. It requires no special environment or resources, other than wood and dwarves (and patience). Most commonly, a modestly-sized section of the aquifer layer is channeled out and several screw pumps are built facing it. Directly behind each of the screw pumps a few tiles are channeled out to receive and dispose of the pumped water. When the pumps are activated, they should pump water faster than the aquifer can produce it, allowing masons to smooth or build walls around your future staircase. You ''will'' get job cancellations during this process, as stray 2/7's of water interrupt the building process. Just unsuspend the construction when this happens, as long a dwarf manages to touch the wall before canceling, it will move incrementally toward completion and eventually finish. Depending on the availability of screw pumps and dwarves, you may need to wall off one corner or side at a time, then move the pumps and repeat. When drilling through more than one aquifer layer, be sure to leave yourself enough room to build additional layers of pumps and water disposal channels on lower levels.

Things to consider:
* The smaller your work area, the less water your dwarves will have to remove and the faster construction will finish. For a single-layer soil aquifer, you only need to mine five tiles (your stairway and walls directly North, South, East, and West of it); single-layer stone aquifers require only a single tile be channeled.
* Mechanical [[power]] may come in handy, but dwarf power works just fine and is much more portable.
* Channels can sometimes be used in place of walls, causing water produced by the aquifer on one level to immediately fall and be consumed by the aquifer on the level below.
* This method may take a while.

==== Specific pump methods in detail ====

QuantumMenace's [[double-slit method]] can pierce an aquifer of any depth using only wood and dwarven labor. Taken from [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=79224.15 this forum post].

Earlier in the same thread, Hans Lemurson laid out a very dwarfy method that can also pierce aquifers of any depth, using several pumps and machinery. [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=79224.0#msg2058307 Find it here].

A convenient method without job cancellation using a [[pump stack]] was presented by kingubu in [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=143064.0 this forum post], see [[Pump-stack_method]]

Leonidas posted a [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=169616.0 detailed procedure], copiously illustrated, for tunneling through any aquifer with limited resources and relative safety.

===The freezing method===

If you are playing in a freezing or very cold landscape, where it snows in winter and instantly freezes water on the map, you can dig out a 3x3 hole in the ground using [[channel]]s, and make it deeper and deeper until you reach the aquifer level. Once you reach the damp rock, tunnel into it with up/down staircases, then channel out the downstairs, the exposed water will turn to ice, digging the up/downstairs before channeling allows the tiles to safely fill with 7/7 water before being frozen, this avoids the hazard of miners being encased in ice and avoids a bug(?) where frozen water which is less than 7/7 deep does not produce a floor above it. The central square of the 3x3 hole should be tunnelable ice, so you can get to the rock beneath.

If your fortress is in a zone that gets warm, build walls around the inside of the hole to stop the water coming in once the ice melts. In order to build a wall around a 1x1 staircase it will be necessary to have a 5x5 hole, since you need to leave an outer ring of ice to seal the aquifer.

If the aquifer is multiple layers deep you will need to start with a sufficiently large hole to account for both an ice wall to seal the aquifer and a constructed wall to seal the ice wall for each layer of the aquifer. A pump based method might be preferable.

As an alternative to building a second wall to seal the ice wall, you can establish a drain into the caverns, and build a constructed wall when the melt comes.

===The magma/obsidian method===

If you have access to a supply of magma, you can create your own obsidian caissons. By channeling into the aquifer layer and then filling these channels with magma, or by digging staircases and pouring magma down the staircases, it is possible to create a wall of obsidian between your working area and the [[water]]-bearing rock or [[soil]]. However, changes to world generation with the last version have made this method more difficult than it once was, as it is now harder to find magma vents that extend above the aquifer level.

===The drainage method===

Having made an initial hole in the aquifer, you may wish to punch another larger hole through, say for example to grow wild strawberries in the caverns. Or you may simply want an additional (natural stone!) staircase. Once you have access from below this is much easier than digging from above, and it has the additional benefit of producing a shaft of exactly the size you want.

Locate the caverns and dig a drainage shaft of up/down stairs or downward stairs up from the caverns to the aquifer (downward stairs function as grates and are far safer than channeling). Once the drainage shaft is complete punch the shaft up through the aquifer (using up/down stairs) until you hit dry dirt. Now mine out the walls around the shaft and build constructed walls to seal the aquifer. It's even faster if the walls are dug out using down stairs instead, constructed walls can be built on the stairs and water falls straight through, thus construction can always be started and is never suspended. Always build the walls from the highest layer down, so the dwarves aren't having water dumped on them from above.

This method can be used to create arbitrarily large (and shaped) holes. Large holes, which would be impractical to dig from above, are very easy using this technique. It's also extremely useful for digging straight shafts through "layercake" aquifers where aquifer tiles and non-aquifer tiles are intermixed.

Just be very aware that your framerate is bound to suffer, if you are not fast with plugging the aquifer walls.

===The modding method===

By editing the raws and removing the [AQUIFER] tag from all of the appropriate entries in inorganic_stone_layer.txt, inorganic_stone_mineral.txt, and inorganic_stone_soil.txt it is possible to remove all aquifers from the world. This can be done before creating a new world or after, if you find a particularly neat location ruined only by the presence of an aquifer. In order to modify an existing world, you must delete the [AQUIFER] tag from the raws in the savegame's folder.

===== With PyLNP =====
Disable aquifers in the options tab before generating a new world. This works similarly to the command-line method below, but is usually a lot easier.

===== With DFHack =====
The DFHack command "drain-aquifer" removes the aquifer flag from all tiles in your current embark, without requiring raw edits. If you have DFHack, this is the best method.

===== With DFHack's tiletypes command =====
DFHack's [https://github.com/DFHack/dfhack/blob/master/Readme.rst#tiletypes "tiletypes"] command lets you remove the aquifer flag from specific tiles only. This is useful if you want to keep an aquifer on your map (eg. as a water source), but don't want to deal with the hassle of breaching it.

To create 4x4 aquiferless shaft, do this:
1) Type "tiletypes" in DFHack to open the tiletypes tool
2) Type in the following commands to set the tool's filter, paint and brush settings accordingly:
- filter any
- paint aqua 0
- range 4 4
3) In Dwarf Fortress, press 'k' to bring up the cursor, and move the cursor to the position you want the top left tile of your shaft to be.
4) In DFHack, type "run". The aquifer will be removed in a 4x4 square below and to the right of your cursor.
5) Repeat steps 3 and 4 for every aquifer layer you have. Don't worry about hitting non-aquifer tiles, they shouldn't be affected by the tool at all.

Alternatively, in step two you can provide a third number for the range. This number will represent how many Z levels deep to remove aquifers.

If you don't know how deep your aquifer is, either use the "reveal" command in DFHack to check, or just set the tiletypes range to encompass multiple z-levels. For instance, use "range 4 4 20" and use "tiletypes-here" on a tile 20 layers below the surface of your shaft.

===== Command-line (Linux/OS X) =====

cd df_linux/raw/objects/
sed -i 's/\[AQUIFER\]/(AQUIFER)/g' inorganic_stone_*.txt

and generate world. To edit an already generated world, run the <code>sed</code> command in the <tt>df_linux/data/save/''regionNN''/raw/objects</tt> folder instead.

OS X requires an argument to the <code>-i</code> flag, which is used as an extension to create backup files (but it can be empty):

<pre>sed -i '' 's/\[AQUIFER\]/(AQUIFER)/g' inorganic_stone_*.txt</pre>

If you want to restore the tags later, you can do it with the command:

sed -i 's/(AQUIFER)/[AQUIFER]/g' inorganic_stone_*.txt

=====Text editor (All operating systems)=====

There are three files. They can be found in two different places.

For every new world you make:
“THE FOLDER DF IS INSTALLED IN”/raw/objects

For worlds that have already been made:
“THE FOLDER DF IS INSTALLED IN”/data/save/“THE WORLD YOU ARE EDITING”/raw/objects

The three files you are editing are:
inorganic_stone_layer.txt
inorganic_stone_mineral.txt
inorganic_stone_soil.txt

Open these in a text editior.
Open the “Find and Replace” function of your text editor.

Replace all instances of
[AQUIFER]
with
(AQUIFER)

Later on, if you would like to reverse the process, replace (AQUIFER) with [AQUIFER]

== Benefits of aquifers ==
While annoying, aquifers can be useful for building a self-sufficient fortress, and for water-related [[megaprojects]]. Since an aquifer can absorb an infinite amount of water, it can function as a drain for anything above it. For instance, digging a pit in a lower Z level of an aquifer, then connecting it to a breached aquifer a level above through a channel dug a level above ''that'' will create a permanently flowing, compact, secure water/power source completely contained within the fortress.

Aquifers outside [[ocean]] biomes also contain fresh water. Since aquifers are almost always located close to the surface, freshwater aquifers can easily be turned into a source of infinite, secure, non-freezing drinking water for your dwarves, eliminating the need for a [[Reservoir|cistern]]. While both of these roles can also be filled by [[Caverns|cavern]] features, an aquifer allows you to get the same advantages without exposing yourself to potentially dangerous cavern creatures.

== Technical implementation of the aquifer version split ==

The aquifer split introduced in 0.47.01 uses the crude but effective random appearing method of making all aquifers light unless the Drainage modulo 20 equals 7.

== External links ==

* [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=79224.15 QuantumMenace's two-slit method] for breaching aquifers of any depth - Illustrated guide
* [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=141600 Hatch trick] described with ascii art.
{{World}}

Tree

2020-03-02T09:38:04Z

PALU: Added related bug

{{quality|exceptional}}
{{av}}
{{Translation
| dwarven = dák
| elvish = thelire
| goblin = tonspe
| human = akan
}}
'''Trees''' are a multi-[[tile]] feature that can be found aboveground on all but the most arid or mountainous of maps, and below ground in the [[cavern]]s. The types of trees that grow in a given location depend on that location's [[biome]], as different species prefer different conditions. For example, tropical areas often have palm trees, while colder areas feature pines. Underground trees such as [[nether-cap]]s are an exception, as they will grow anywhere underground. The species of a tree in turn determines its properties, including its structure, the color and density of its wood and what kind of growths it produces. Note also that "trees" in ''Dwarf Fortress'' also covers things that are not actually trees, such as palms, cacti, large herbaceous plants (e.g. [[banana]]s), and large mushrooms (underground trees).

Trees are used as a source of [[wood]], an essential resource in the game, irreplaceable (or hard to replace) for some applications. Thus, the amount of local trees greatly affects fortress development, as without a ready source of wood, the player will be forced to rely on [[trade]] to get it. Tree growth density on the embark site is determined by its [[biome]], so it's displayed with the rest of the biome properties (temperature, etc.) on the "Choose Fortress Location" screen at [[embark]].

[[File:trees_many.jpg|thumb|320px|right|Beautiful, until turned into tables. Then they're even more beautiful.]]

== Structure ==
[[File:Tree animated.gif|thumb|Animation of all z-levels of an [[Apricot]] tree]]
Trees consist of several types of tiles - '''roots''', '''trunk''' sections, '''thick branches''', '''branches''', and '''twigs''', that may be covered in a number of "growths" (leaves, needles, flowers, fruit, cones, etc.), depending on species and season. A single tree is a structure that can span multiple tiles of each type in both horizontal and vertical directions. For example, a typical deciduous tree will have a single tile-wide trunk at ground level supporting a multiple-level crown of intertwined trunk sections, branches and twigs covered with leaves. Not all species follow the same scheme, though - palms have a high, naked trunk that doesn't branch and just a tuft of leaves on top of it, and some species can have trunks that are thicker than a single tile at ground level. Trees also have an underground system of roots, but there is only one kind of root tile and the extent of the root system doesn't seem to vary with species.

Graphically, vertical 1×1 trunk sections resemble wooden columns {{tile|O|6:0}}. The thicker trunks (2×2 and 3×3) are represented by rounded double-line structures. Above the first ground level the trunk may branch out, producing horizontal trunk sections that resemble wooden [[wall]]s {{tile|║|6:0}}. These can peter out into thick branches {{tile|│|6:0}} or end directly with branches {{tile|¼|2:0}}. The branches can extend further out, ending with twigs {{tile|;|2:0}}. A vertical trunk end, if not covered with a branch, is represented by a pointed cap {{tile|⌂|6:0}}.

Root tiles ({{tile|¼|6:0}}) overlap a number of underground tiles below each tree. They can be designated for digging, but because they usually use the same brown color as the mining designation rectangle, the designation is not evident (the only exceptions are trees with white roots). Some trees can have multiple tiles of roots, others just the one{{verify}}.

There are exceptions to the description above. [[Saguaro]]s don't have any leafy branches or twigs, just a trunk and thick branches. Mushroom cap trees that grow in the caverns underground don't have branches - instead they have a '''cap'''
consisting of ramps that can be walked up on.

Trees can be [[climb]]ed in both fortress and [[adventurer mode]]. In densely wooded areas, the overlapping tree crowns can form a continuous canopy that can be traversed by walking, climbing and/or jumping. Both thick and regular branches provide a floor-like support for walking. Twigs are too frail to support the weight of a dwarf, but they can be climbed through and jumped over. All kinds of trunk tiles are treated as solid barriers, except trunk tips - they can be climbed through and jumped over like twigs.

On ground level, tree trunks are obstacles that prevent [[channel]]ing or the creation of [[wall]]s and other [[construction]]s on their tiles. This is problematic for caravan [[wagon]]s, which require a path at least three tiles wide in order to access your fortress; on heavily forested maps it may be necessary to check [[trade depot|depot]] access ({{k|D}}) every once in a while as trees continue to grow to make sure wagons can get through, and chop down ({{k|d}}-{{k|t}}) the impeding forest if they can't. Later on this can actually become a blessing, as if there is only one or a few pathways to the fortress it makes it easier to route incoming caravans down certain well-defended pathways, instead of allowing them to choose their own way across the map, where they may fall foul of ambushers or worse. It also makes building above-ground constructions more challenging, as any trees in the way must be chopped down first.

<gallery caption="Heights of a tree" widths="90px" heights="90px" perrow="5">
File:Tree-1.png|1 level below ground: roots in a [[Red sand]] wall on the side of a hill
File:Tree0.png|Ground level: trunk
File:Tree+1.png|1 level above ground, trunk, branches and twigs
File:Tree+2.png|2 levels above ground
File:Tree+3.png|3 levels above ground, includes some Open Space
File:Tree+4.png|4 levels above ground
File:Tree+5.png|5 levels above ground
File:Tree+6.png|6 levels above ground
File:Tree+7.png|7 levels above ground, only Open Space
</gallery>

=== Growths ===
Growths are the things that grow ''on'' a tree, i.e. they are not an essential part of the tree's structure and can be shed or picked without destroying the tree. This includes leaves, needles, flowers, fruit, seed pods, catkins, cones, etc. Each tree species has at least one type of growth, the most common one unsurprisingly being leaves.

The leaves of deciduous trees change color in the autumn, fall before the winter and grow back in the spring. Fallen leaves will color the tiles beneath their trees, turning the forest floor into colorful patchwork.

Trees of fruit-producing species usually grow flowers in spring and fruit later in the year. Flowers will fall in a cloud during the transition from flowers to fruit; the cloud is shown falling, and loo{{k|k}}ing at the ground after that will show "<tree> flowers" in addition to other tile contents. Both flowers and fruit appear and fall at set times through the year, so it's possible that a young tree that has never flowered will give fruit.

Fruit can be picked from trees in Adventure mode. Fortress mode harvesting is done with a [[stepladder]] (as long as the fruit-bearing tree is within a plant gathering zone) or by collecting fallen fruits. Fruit can be brewed at a [[still]]. Cutting a tree with fruit causes the fruits to vanish{{verify}}.

== Chopping down trees ==
{{main|Woodcutting}}

Trees can be cut down by dwarves to produce [[wood]]. It is enough to [[designations menu|designate]] only one trunk tile for cutting to chop down the whole tree it belongs to. Any trunk tile will do, even those that are above ground, or even a single tile of a multi-tile trunk. As a result, it's impossible to "prune" trees by chopping down only parts of them.

Once a woodcutter is done with the first tile, the tree instantly converts to a number of free-floating logs that fall to the ground in a direction away from the cutter. Cutting a tree from a trunk section above ground level may result in the woodcutter losing their footing and crashing to the ground (similar to having a tile deconstructed under their feet).

If you dug the tile below the trunk before cutting the tree, it will leave a hole to the surface, potentially allowing dangerous creatures to path into your underground fort. Avoid digging directly below one z-level in wooded areas before clearing out the trees, and make sure to check for open floor spaces {{Tile|·|0:1}} on the surface afterwards. If holes are present, construct [[floor]] tiles over the holes, which will prevent creatures from moving below. Constructing a wall below the open floor will work as well. Unexplained underground logs can alert you to the presence of these "guest entrances". Moving a building preview all around the surface (kennels are good for their size) and inspecting any non-ramp or tree invalid tiles can sweep large areas.

If you had [[smoothing|smoothed]] the wall below the trunk and then cut down the tree, it will leave an open floor above the smoothed wall, unlike constructed walls (see this [[tile#Walls|diagram]] for a visual illustration). If there is an open space adjacent to the smoothed wall, creatures can diagonally move below the adjacent space (by swimming, flying, or climbing) from the open floor above. Such occurrences should be uncommon, as it requires the tile below the tree to be made of stone (so it can be smoothed), and occur mainly in [[mountain]] biomes and areas affected by erosion.

== Products ==
=== Wood ===
{{main|Wood}}

One of the variations between the different tree species is in the weight and color of their wood. Weight is often a minor concern but when using wood to create objects that will be moved, such as bins or buckets, choosing lighter wood is an advantage as it will be hauled faster. Heavier wood will make wooden weapons and siege engine projectiles more effective, while lighter wooden shields reduce penalties to speed while blocking just as well as heavier shields.

Nonetheless, all types of wood have the same (low) value (beyond the [[preference]]s of individual dwarves), although the [[color]] of the wood may matter for aesthetic purposes.

=== Fruit ===
Various kinds of tree produce fruit. In [[dwarf fortress mode]], they can be gathered with a [[stepladder]] in a designated [[zone#Plant collection|plant gathering zone]], and [[Elf|elves]] will also bring fruit to [[trading|trade]]. Fruit can be eaten, producing [[seed]]s.

== Growing trees ==
From the time a sapling appears, it takes about 3 years for a tree to grow. From that point on, trees grow only once every 10 years, as defined by the TRUNK_PERIOD tag. Currently, all trees share the same 10-year value for trunk growth. Presumably this will be changed in the future to reflect accurate growth rates for different species. Given this disparity in growth times, it's far more efficient to cut down trees as they grow rather than attempting to let them grow to a larger/full size. Growing a full-sized tree will take around 80 years; well beyond the lifespan of most forts.

Trees grow from '''saplings''', which start growing randomly on non-occupied tiles of a suitable biome; thus chopping down a forest may create a clearing, but within a couple of years a new forest will have grown. Saplings can be killed by heavy [[traffic|foot traffic]], but not by flooding — they can survive submergence for extended periods of time and will still grow to maturity once the water level drops to 4/7{{verify}} or lower. Dead saplings will remain for some seasons, and then disappear, more quickly if heavy traffic tramples them away. Many underground trees are called "young <tree>" instead of sapling, but the concept is the same. Saplings will not grow to maturity if their tile contains an item or building (including stockpile designations), though removing the item may cause the tree to spontaneously grow up. Paved [[road]]s and [[farm plot]]s periodically purge all terrain features below them, preventing trees (or shrubs) from growing in unwanted areas. Trees cannot grow on stairs or ramps, making it possible to keep trees out of your plumbing by using {{K|u}}p stairs instead of {{K|d}}igging (this does not reveal the tile above). Above-ground trees will only grow in areas where there is sufficient soil 1 Z-level beneath them (currently observed to be at least one unmined tile within a two-tile radius); underground trees not only ignore this restriction for dry subterranean soil but will also grow on muddy subterranean stone. Additionally, saplings on soil cavern floors will block the construction of farm plots unless there is also a dusting or pile of mud beneath them.

Trees ''cannot'' be specifically "planted" ([http://www.bay12games.com/dwarves/dev.html as of yet]); even if a map is stripped of all trees, new saplings will regrow, randomly and in their own time. (Sadly, the [[elf|elves]] do not seem to comprehend this) It is possible to [[tree farming|farm]] trees by walling off or engineering a patch of soil and locking it away so your dwarves don't trample all over it, but it will take a long time for the farm to yield results. After you expose the caverns, subterranean flora (including trees) will begin to grow on any exposed, previously-bare soil within your fortress; this can be annoying when a copse of [[blood thorn]]s suddenly appears in your [[sand#Glass|sand collection]] area, but allows you to easily mine out large subterranean tree farms full of colorful subterranean trees.

If a sapling grows into a tree, it can block off narrow areas, such as one-tile-long hallways in a muddy cavern layer. This can cause dwarves to take longer alternate routes to perform their jobs, or entrap them entirely.
{{clear}}

== Aboveground trees ==

Most of them bear fruits and nuts, which can be [[Activity zone#Gather/Pick Fruit|harvested]] for food and drinks.


{{multi-tile tree table head}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Abaca|super=3|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y
|tile1={{tile|O|2:0}}{{tile|⌂|2:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|¼|6:0}} roots
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|4:1}} flower
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Acacia|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Tropical Dry Broadleaf Forest|biome2=Tropical Grassland|biome3=Tropical Savanna|biome4=Tropical Shrubland|dry=y|dense=0.600
|eat=n|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:1}} seed pod
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Avocado|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.540
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|2:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Banana|super=3|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y
|tile1={{tile|O|2:0}}{{tile|⌂|2:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|¼|6:0}} roots
|drink=Banana beer|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|4:0}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Bitter orange|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.590
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Cacao tree|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Tropical Moist Broadleaf Forest|dry=y|dense=0.430
|eat=n|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|4:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Candlenut|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical Forest|dry=y|dense=0.140
|eat=n|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|•|6:0}} nut
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Carambola|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.550
|drink=Carambola wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|3:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Cashew|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.450
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|5:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Citron|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.700
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Coconut palm|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.680
|tile1={{tile|O|6:0}}{{tile|⌂|6:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|¼|6:0}} roots
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|*|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|2:0}} spathe
|grow3={{tile|•|6:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Coffee|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.620
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|4:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Custard-apple|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.360
|drink=Custard-apple cider|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|2:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Date palm|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=b|dense=0.820
|tile1={{tile|O|6:0}}{{tile|⌂|6:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|¼|6:0}} roots
|drink=Date wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|*|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|5:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Desert lime|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Tropical Grassland|biome2=Tropical Savanna|biome3=Tropical Shrubland|dry=y|dense=0.590
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Durian|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.520
|drink=Durian wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:0}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Finger lime|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.590
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Guava|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.610
|drink=Guava wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Kapok|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Tropical Moist Broadleaf Forest|dry=y|dense=0.260
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|•|2:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Kumquat|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.590
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|4:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Lime|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.590
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Lychee|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.880
|drink=Lychee wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|5:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|5:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Macadamia|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.705
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|5:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} nut
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Mahogany|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical Forest|dry=y|dense=0.600
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|6:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|•|6:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Mango tree|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical Forest|dry=y|dense=0.520
|drink=Mango wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|4:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|•|6:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Olive|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.990
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|0:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Orange|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.590
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Papaya|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.130
|drink=Papaya wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Paradise nut|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.820
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|6:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Pomelo|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.590
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Rambutan|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.620
|drink=Rambutan wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|2:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|4:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Round lime|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.590
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Rubber tree|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Tropical Moist Broadleaf Forest|dry=y|dense=0.490
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Tea|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.560
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Pomegranate|symbol=Γ|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Tropical|dry=y|dense=0.770
|drink=Pomegranate wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|4:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|4:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Mangrove|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Mangrove Swamp|dry=n|dense=0.830
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|•|4:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Cedar|symbol=↨|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Temperate Coniferous Forest|biome2=Tropical Coniferous Forest|dry=y|dense=0.570
|tile1={{tile|O|6:0}}{{tile|⌂|6:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|¼|2:0}} branches
|tile3={{tile|;|2:0}} twigs
|tile4={{tile|¼|6:0}} roots
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|*|2:0}} scale-leaf
|grow2={{tile|*|6:0}} seed cone
|grow3={{tile|*|5:0}} pollen cone
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Feather tree|symbol=♣|color=7:1|decid=No|biome=Not Freezing|dry=y|align=Good|dense=0.100
|tile1={{tile|O|7:1}}{{tile|═|7:1}}{{tile|⌂|7:1}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|─|7:1}} thick branches
|tile3={{tile|¼|7:1}} branches
|tile4={{tile|;|7:1}} twigs
|tile5={{tile|¼|7:1}} roots
|eat=n|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|7:1}} down
|grow2={{tile|%|7:1}} egg
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Glumprong|symbol=┤|color=5:0|decid=No|biome=Not Freezing|dry=y|align=Evil|dense=1.200
|tile1={{tile|O|5:0}}{{tile|═|5:0}}{{tile|⌂|5:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|¼|5:0}} roots
|eat=n|cook=n
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Highwood|symbol=¶|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Not Freezing|dry=y|align=Savage|dense=0.500
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|3:1}} flower
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Saguaro|symbol=╞|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Desert|dry=y|dense=0.430
|tile1={{tile|O|2:0}}{{tile|⌂|2:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|─|2:0}} thick branches
|tile3={{tile|¼|2:0}} roots
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow2={{tile|•|4:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Willow|symbol=⌠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Temperate|biome2=Any Tropical Forest|biome3=Tropical Grassland|biome4=Tropical Savanna|biome5=Tropical Shrubland|biome6=Tropical Freshwater Swamp|biome7=Tropical Saltwater Swamp|biome8=Tropical Freshwater Marsh|biome9=Tropical Saltwater Marsh|dry=n|dense=0.390
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|*|7:1}} pollen catkin
|grow3={{tile|*|7:1}} seed catkin
|grow4={{tile|*|6:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Alder|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate Broadleaf|dry=y|dense=0.410
|tile1={{tile|O|6:0}}{{tile|⌂|6:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|¼|2:0}} branches
|tile3={{tile|;|2:0}} twigs
|tile4={{tile|¼|6:0}} roots
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|*|4:0}} pollen catkin
|grow3={{tile|*|6:0}} seed catkin
|grow4={{tile|*|6:0}} cone
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Almond|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.795
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} nut
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Apple|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.745
|drink=Apple cider|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|5:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|4:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Apricot|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.745
|drink=Apricot wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|5:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|4:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Ash (tree)|alt=Ash|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate Broadleaf|dry=y|dense=0.600
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Birch|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate Broadleaf|dry=y|dense=0.650
|tile1={{tile|O|7:1}}{{tile|⌂|7:1}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|¼|2:0}} branches
|tile3={{tile|;|2:0}} twigs
|tile4={{tile|¼|7:1}} roots
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|*|6:0}} pollen catkin
|grow3={{tile|*|6:0}} seed catkin
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Cherry|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.425
|drink=Cherry wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|4:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Chestnut|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate Broadleaf|dry=y|dense=0.430
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|*|7:1}} pollen catkin
|grow3={{tile|*|7:1}} seed catkin
|grow4={{tile|*|2:0}} burr
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Ginkgo|symbol=↑|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.450
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|*|6:0}} pollen catkin
|grow3={{tile|%|7:1}} seed
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Hazel|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.500
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|*|6:1}} pollen catkin
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} nut
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Maple|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Temperate Broadleaf Forest|biome2=Temperate Grassland|biome3=Temperate Savanna|biome4=Temperate Shrubland|dry=y|dense=0.540
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|2:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Oak|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate Broadleaf|dry=y|dense=0.700
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|2:0}} flower
|grow3={{tile|•|6:0}} acorn
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Peach|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.795
|drink=Peach cider|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|5:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|4:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Pear|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.600
|drink=Perry|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|2:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Pecan|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.735
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|*|2:1}} pollen catkin
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} nut
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Persimmon|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.835
|drink=Persimmon wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|4:1}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Plum|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.795
|drink=Plum wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|5:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Sand pear|symbol=♣|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.690
|drink=Sand pear cider|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|♣|7:1}} flower
|grow3={{tile|%|6:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Walnut|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Any Temperate|dry=y|dense=0.562
|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}}{{tile|♠|6:1}}{{tile|♠|4:1}}{{tile|♠|4:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|*|6:0}} pollen catkin
|grow3={{tile|♣|2:1}} flower
|grow4={{tile|%|6:0}} nut
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Bayberry|symbol=♠|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Any Temperate|biome2=Taiga|dry=y|dense=0.700
|drink=Bayberry wine|drinkv=10|eat=y|cook=y
|grow1={{tile|♠|2:0}} leaf
|grow2={{tile|*|6:0}} pollen catkin
|grow3={{tile|*|6:0}} seed catkin
|grow4={{tile|%|5:0}} fruit
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Larch|symbol=↑|color=2:0|decid=Yes|biome=Taiga|biome2=Temperate Coniferous Forest|dry=y|dense=0.590
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|*|2:0}}{{tile|*|6:1}}{{tile|*|4:1}}{{tile|*|4:0}} needle
|grow2={{tile|*|6:0}} seed cone
|grow3={{tile|*|2:0}} pollen cone
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Pine|symbol=↑|color=2:0|decid=No|biome=Taiga|biome2=Temperate Coniferous Forest|biome3=Tropical Coniferous Forest|dry=y|dense=0.510
|tile1={{tile|O|6:0}}{{tile|⌂|6:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|*|2:0}} branches
|tile3={{tile|*|2:0}} twigs
|tile4={{tile|¼|6:0}} roots
|eat=n|cook=n
|grow1={{tile|*|2:0}} needle
|grow2={{tile|*|6:0}} seed cone
|grow3={{tile|*|4:0}} pollen cone
}}
|}

'''Notes:'''
:1 This is the value for a stack of 5 units, which is the number rendered from a single fruit.
:2 Anything that can be cooked is edible afterwards.
:3 These trees do not produce wood when cut.

== Underground trees ==

These are the trees that can grow in subterranean caverns. None of them produce growths.

{{multi-tile tree table head}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Fungiwood|symbol=♣|color=6:1|decid=No|biome=Subterranean Water/Layers 1-2|dry=b|dense=0.600
|tile1={{tile|O|6:1}}{{tile|⌂|6:1}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|¼|6:1}} branches
|tile3={{tile|;|6:1}} twigs
|eat=n|cook=n
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Tower-cap|symbol=♠|color=7:1|decid=No|biome=Subterranean Water/Layers 1-2|dry=b|dense=0.600
|tile1={{tile|O|7:1}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|O|7:1}}{{tile|║|7:1}}{{tile|▲|7:1}}{{tile|∙|7:1}} cap
|eat=n|cook=n
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Black-cap|symbol=♠|color=0:1|decid=No|biome=Subterranean Water/Layers 2-3|dry=b|dense=0.650
|tile1={{tile|O|0:1}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|O|0:1}}{{tile|║|0:1}}{{tile|▲|0:1}}{{tile|∙|0:1}} cap
|eat=n|cook=n
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Goblin-cap|symbol=♠|color=4:1|decid=No|biome=Subterranean Water/Layers 2-3|dry=b|dense=0.600
|tile1={{tile|O|4:1}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|O|4:1}}{{tile|║|4:1}}{{tile|▲|4:1}}{{tile|∙|4:1}} cap
|eat=n|cook=n
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Spore tree|symbol=♣|color=3:0|decid=No|biome=Subterranean Water/Layers 2-3|dry=b|dense=0.600
|tile1={{tile|O|3:0}}{{tile|═|3:0}}{{tile|⌂|3:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|─|3:0}} thick branches
|tile3={{tile|¼|3:0}} branches
|tile4={{tile|;|3:0}} twigs
|eat=n|cook=n
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Tunnel tube|symbol=│|color=5:1|decid=No|biome=Subterranean Water/Layers 2-3|dry=b|dense=0.500
|tile1={{tile|O|5:1}}{{tile|═|5:1}}{{tile|⌂|5:1}} trunk
|eat=n|cook=n
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Blood thorn|symbol=╡|color=4:0|decid=No|biome=Subterranean Water|biome2=Subterranean Chasm/Layer 3|dry=b|dense=1.250
|tile1={{tile|O|4:0}}{{tile|═|4:0}}{{tile|⌂|4:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|─|4:0}} thick branches
|tile3={{tile|¼|4:0}} branches
|tile4={{tile|;|4:0}} twigs
|eat=n|cook=n
}}
{{multi-tile tree table row|name=Nether-cap|symbol=♠|color=1:0|decid=No|biome=Subterranean Water/Layer 3|dry=b|dense=0.550
|tile1={{tile|O|1:0}} trunk
|tile2={{tile|O|1:0}}{{tile|║|1:0}}{{tile|▲|1:0}}{{tile|∙|1:0}} cap
|eat=n|cook=n
}}
|}

==Bugs==
* Trees grow through bridges. {{bug|7872}}
* Cutting down trees will leave a hole in the floor if the layer below has been mined (which has the potential for lots of fun). {{bug|8469}}
* Trees not yielding wood won't be generated. {{bug|10581}}

{{Plants}}

[[Category:Map tiles]]
{{Category|Trees}}
[[ru:Tree]]