Dwarf Fortress Wiki - User contributions [en]

Talk:Armor

2023-01-18T02:21:23Z

PenguinMage: Created page with "Heard that Dwarves may have knees now. This could affect armor coverage."

Heard that Dwarves may have knees now. This could affect armor coverage.

Talk:Clay

2023-01-17T05:53:46Z

PenguinMage: Created page with "May want confirmation that clay can no longer be used for the stone polishing job, whether by workshop, order, or linked stockpile in v50"

May want confirmation that clay can no longer be used for the stone polishing job, whether by workshop, order, or linked stockpile in v50

Gem

2023-01-17T05:30:19Z

PenguinMage:

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{{Quality|Exceptional|16:42, 13 January 2023 (UTC)}}
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[[File:gem_sprite_preview.png|right]]Small clusters of rough '''gems''' can be found almost anywhere while [[mining]]. After they have been mined by a [[miner]] and cut by a [[gem cutter]], a [[gem setter]] can use them to [[encrust]] [[furniture]], [[crafts]], and [[ammunition]]. In addition, raw [[rock crystal]]s are required to make crystal glass goods. '''Cut gems''' can also be used to create [[window]]s and are often required as a source material for [[legendary artifact]]s. Gem-encrusted [[weapon]]s and [[armor]] can be found in-game, but cannot be made in fortress mode. Stones, except the various types of clay, can also be cut into gems.

There are a total of 130 different kinds of gems, 127 excluding the three kinds of [[glass]]. Of these, 57 are ornamental, 58 semi-precious, 4 precious and 8 rare.

A large variety of cut gems can be brought by and requested from the dwarven caravan. You cannot import rough gems with the exception of raw [[glass]], which human and dwarven caravans can bring.

Exactly 5% of all rough gems will be cut into a single [[Useless_crap|craft]] or '''large gem''' (with 1 craft for every 8 large gems), and the same occurs with raw glass (but with different ratios - 33% of all jobs, producing 11 crafts for every 16 large gems). Note that these will ''replace'' a cut gem and cannot be used to encrust goods. The value of such crafts can easily reach hundreds, even several thousand in the case of valuable gems and good craftsdwarfship. A dwarf in the throes of a [[strange mood]] can take a single gem and cut it into a [[legendary artifact]] known as a "perfect gem" - this is simply a special name for an artifact large gem.

If you have any bags of sand, you can also manufacture [[Glass|raw glass]], which is the same as a lower-value, uncut gem.

[[Gizzard stone]]s are found as a by-product when butchering some animals, and can be used like cut gems. Only a few animal species give gizzard stones, but each member of such a species butchered will yield one, which can lead to a decent supply when you manage to set up an [[ostrich]] or [[elk bird]] farm.

A killed [[amethyst man]] will, logically, drop a rough amethyst, but amethyst men are fairly rare. Forgotten beasts made of gem will leave a corpse, in some cases weighing thousands of Urists, but the corpse cannot be cut into gems or used in any other way.

You can also direct your dwarves to cut stone, [[shell]], [[horn]] and [[teeth|ivory]] into a '''large gem''' which can be done at a [[craftsdwarf's workshop]].

== Value ==
Gems have a base [[value]] of 3 in rough form, which is multiplied by the appropriate value modifier from the table below. They gain value after they are cut in a [[jeweler's workshop]]. Cut gems have a base value of 5. Items can be decorated (encrusted) with cut gems; all such decorations have a value of 10 times the gem type's value multiplier - see [[gem cutting]] and [[gem setting]]. Large gems have a base value of 10, and can also have a [[quality]] modifier which increases value.

To give an example, a rough green zircon will be worth (3×20=) 60☼, a cut green zircon (5×20=) 100☼ and a masterwork large green zircon (10×20×12=) 2400☼.

Dwarves who have preferences for certain gems and colors will have a higher value perception of the items and walls encrusted with them.

== Varieties ==
Gems come in many varieties, with their own color and value multipliers:
{{Gem table head|class=wikitable}}

{{Gem table row|rarity=[[#Glass|Synthetic]]|name=[[green glass]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼♦|2:0}} dark green2:0|fwhere=[[Glass furnace]]|fhow=Manufactured}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=[[#Glass|Synthetic]]|name=[[clear glass]]|value=5|color={{Raw Tile|☼♦|3:0}} clear3:0|fwhere=[[Glass furnace]]|fhow=Manufactured}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=[[#Glass|Synthetic]]|name=[[crystal glass]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼♦|7:1}} clear7:1|fwhere=[[Glass furnace]]|fhow=Manufactured}}

{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[amber opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} amber6:0|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[aventurine]]|value=3|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} mint green2:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[banded agate]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} maroon4:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[bloodstone]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} sea green4:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[blue jade]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|1:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|1:1}} blue1:1|fwhere=[[Alluvial]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[bone opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:0}} beige7:0|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[brown jasper]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} brown6:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[carnelian]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} rust4:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[cherry opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:1}} chestnut4:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[chrysocolla]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|3:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|3:1}} turquoise3:1|fwhere=[[Malachite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[chrysoprase]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:1}} jade2:1|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[citrine]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} cream6:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[clear tourmaline]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:0}} clear7:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Sedimentary]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[dendritic agate]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:0}} ivory7:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[fire agate]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} lemon6:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[fortification agate]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} cardinal7:1|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[gold opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} golden yellow6:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[gray chalcedony]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:0}} gray7:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[jasper opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} maroon7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[lace agate]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|1:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|1:1}} light blue1:1|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[lapis lazuli]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|1:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|1:1}} azure1:1|fwhere=[[Igneous intrusive]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[lavender jade]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:0}} heliotrope5:0|fwhere=[[Alluvial]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[milk opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} cream7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[milk quartz]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} cream7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[moonstone]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} ivory7:1|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[morion]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|0:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|0:1}} black0:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[moss agate]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} white2:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[moss opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} moss green2:0|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[onyx opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} ivory7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[onyx]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|0:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|0:1}} black0:1|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[picture jasper]]|value=3|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} golden yellow6:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[pineapple opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} beige7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[pink jade]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:1}} pink5:1|fwhere=[[Alluvial]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[pipe opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} ivory7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[plume agate]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} cream6:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[prase opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} mint green2:0|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[prase]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} spring green2:0|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[pyrite]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} silver6:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[resin opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} yellow6:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[rock crystal]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} clear7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[rose quartz]]|value=3|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:1}} pink4:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[sardonyx]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} scarlet4:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[sard]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} mahogany4:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[schorl]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|0:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|0:1}} taupe dark0:1|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Sedimentary]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[shell opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:0}} ivory7:0|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[smoky quartz]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} olive6:0|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[sunstone]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} pumpkin6:1|fwhere=[[Basalt]], [[Gneiss]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[tiger iron]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} golden yellow6:1|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[tigereye]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} lemon6:1|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[tube agate]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} amber6:0|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[turquoise]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|3:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|3:1}} turquoise3:1|fwhere=[[Igneous extrusive]], [[Kaolinite]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[variscite]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} jade2:0|fwhere=[[Bauxite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[wax opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} flax6:0|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[white chalcedony]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} white7:1|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[white jade]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} white7:1|fwhere=[[Alluvial]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[wood opal]]|value=10|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} dark brown6:0|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Ornamental|name=[[yellow jasper]]|value=2|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} yellow6:1|fwhere=[[Sedimentary]]|fhow=Small clusters}}

{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[alexandrite]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:1}} violet5:1|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[almandine]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} maroon4:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Diorite]], [[Gabbro]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[amethyst]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:1}} amethyst5:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[aquamarine]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|3:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|3:1}} aquamarine3:1|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[bandfire opal]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} pearl7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[black opal]]|value=30|color={{Raw Tile|☼|0:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|0:1}} black0:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[black pyrope]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|0:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|0:1}} black0:1|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Kimberlite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[black zircon]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|0:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|0:1}} black0:1|fwhere=All [[igneous]], [[Metamorphic]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[blue garnet]]|value=30|color={{Raw Tile|☼|1:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|1:0}} blue1:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[brown zircon]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} light brown6:0|fwhere=All [[igneous]], [[Metamorphic]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[cat's eye]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} cream7:1|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[chrysoberyl]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:1}} chartreuse2:1|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[cinnamon grossular]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} cinnamon6:0|fwhere=[[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[claro opal]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|1:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|1:1}} light blue1:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[clear garnet]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:0}} clear7:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[clear zircon]]|value=25|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} clear7:1|fwhere=All [[igneous]], [[Metamorphic]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[crystal opal]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} clear7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[demantoid]]|value=30|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} green-yellow2:0|fwhere=[[Chromite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[fire opal]]|value=15|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:1}} scarlet4:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[golden beryl]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} golden yellow6:1|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[goshenite]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} clear7:1|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[green jade]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:1}} jade2:1|fwhere=[[Alluvial]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[green tourmaline]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} green2:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Sedimentary]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[green zircon]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} green2:0|fwhere=All [[igneous]], [[Metamorphic]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[harlequin opal]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} ivory7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[heliodor]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:1}} green-yellow2:1|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[honey yellow beryl]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} saffron6:0|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[indigo tourmaline]]|value=25|color={{Raw Tile|☼|1:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|1:0}} indigo1:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Sedimentary]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[jelly opal]]|value=15|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} clear6:0|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[kunzite]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:1}} fuchsia5:1|fwhere=[[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[levin opal]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} flax6:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[light yellow diamond]]|value=30|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} cream7:1|fwhere=[[Kimberlite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[melanite]]|value=15|color={{Raw Tile|☼|0:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|0:1}} black0:1|fwhere=[[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[morganite]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:1}} lilac5:1|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[peridot]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:1}} green-yellow2:1|fwhere=[[Gabbro]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[pinfire opal]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} flax7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[pink garnet]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:1}} pink5:1|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[pink tourmaline]]|value=15|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:1}} pink4:1|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Sedimentary]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[precious fire opal]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:1}} red4:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[purple spinel]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:0}} purple5:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Diorite]], [[Gabbro]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[red beryl]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:1}} red4:1|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[red flash opal]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:1}} red4:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[red grossular]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} red4:0|fwhere=[[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[red pyrope]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} red4:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Kimberlite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[red spinel]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} red4:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Diorite]], [[Gabbro]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[red tourmaline]]|value=15|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} chestnut4:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Sedimentary]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[red zircon]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} red4:0|fwhere=All [[igneous]], [[Metamorphic]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[rhodolite]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:0}} puce5:0|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Kimberlite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[rubicelle]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} red6:1|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Diorite]], [[Gabbro]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[tanzanite]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:1}} azure5:1|fwhere=[[Gabbro]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[topazolite]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} saffron6:1|fwhere=[[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[topaz]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} goldenrod6:1|fwhere=[[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[tsavorite]]|value=30|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} green2:0|fwhere=[[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[violet spessartine]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|5:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|5:1}} violet5:1|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[white opal]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} white7:1|fwhere=All [[stone]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[yellow grossular]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} yellow6:1|fwhere=[[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[yellow spessartine]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} yellow6:1|fwhere=[[Metamorphic]], [[Granite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Semi-Precious|name=[[yellow zircon]]|value=20|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} yellow6:1|fwhere=All [[igneous]], [[Metamorphic]]|fhow=Small clusters}}

{{Gem table row|rarity=Precious|name=[[emerald]]|value=40|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} emerald2:0|fwhere=[[Granite]], [[Schist]], [[Marble]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Precious|name=[[faint yellow diamond]]|value=40|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:0}} beige6:0|fwhere=[[Kimberlite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Precious|name=[[ruby]]|value=40|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} scarlet4:0|fwhere=[[Bauxite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Precious|name=[[sapphire]]|value=40|color={{Raw Tile|☼|1:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|1:0}} azure1:0|fwhere=[[Bauxite]]|fhow=Small clusters}}

{{Gem table row|rarity=Rare|name=[[black diamond]]|value=60|color={{Raw Tile|☼|0:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|0:1}} black0:1|fwhere=[[Faint yellow diamond]]|fhow=Single gem}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Rare|name=[[blue diamond]]|value=60|color={{Raw Tile|☼|1:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|1:0}} blue1:0|fwhere=[[Faint yellow diamond]]|fhow=Single gem}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Rare|name=[[clear diamond]]|value=60|color={{Raw Tile|☼|7:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|7:1}} clear7:1|fwhere=[[Faint yellow diamond]]|fhow=Single gem}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Rare|name=[[green diamond]]|value=60|color={{Raw Tile|☼|2:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|2:0}} green2:0|fwhere=[[Faint yellow diamond]]|fhow=Single gem}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Rare|name=[[red diamond]]|value=60|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:0}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:0}} scarlet4:0|fwhere=[[Faint yellow diamond]]|fhow=Single gem}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Rare|name=[[star ruby]]|value=60|color={{Raw Tile|☼|4:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|4:1}} red4:1|fwhere=[[Ruby]]|fhow=Single gem}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Rare|name=[[star sapphire]]|value=60|color={{Raw Tile|☼|1:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|1:1}} light blue1:1|fwhere=[[Sapphire]]|fhow=Single gem}}
{{Gem table row|rarity=Rare|name=[[yellow diamond]]|value=60|color={{Raw Tile|☼|6:7:1}}{{Raw Tile|♦|6:1}} yellow6:1|fwhere=[[Faint yellow diamond]]|fhow=Single gem}}

|}
See [https://spreadsheets.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0Auy0R4dx5JF6dEdwQ3B5WkdCeUp0SjZYSl9vc3lteFE&hl=en_US#gid=0 here] or [https://spreadsheets.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0ApoOG6GC8_0RdHR5QkNDZlYwa1RYeUpCSzJSNUZIRkE&hl=en_US here] for a sortable, print-friendly spreadsheet with all gems and their values.

See [[Gem/Textlist|here]] for a text list of rough gems sorted alphabetically by variety.

Unlike other gems, diamonds can [[Fire|ignite]] if they come into contact with [[magma]].

== Gem cuts ==

Finished gems have a particular cut, which doesn't affect the gem's value. A gem can have multiple cuts, such as a "square brilliant" or "tapered baguette" cut. Some gem cuts are also known as "cabochons," which have a basic "shape" cut typically as a rounded, polished stone. Gizzard stones do not have cuts.

List of cuts:
{{Columns-list|colwidth=15em|
* baguette
* brilliant
* briolette
* cushion
* emerald
* marquise
* octagon
* oval
* pear
* point
* radiant
* rectangular
* round
* single
* square
* table
* tapered
* trillion
}}

== Rare gems ==
[[Faint yellow diamond]]s only appear in [[kimberlite]] (which, itself, only appears in [[gabbro]] layers) and [[sapphire]]s and [[ruby|rubies]] only appear in [[bauxite]] (which occurs in any sedimentary layers). Colored diamonds only occur in pre-existing clusters of faint yellow diamonds, and in the gem-encrusted walls on the bottom-most cavern layer. [[Star sapphire]]s and [[Star ruby|star rubies]] only occur within clusters of their peers.

== [[Glass]] ==
Raw glass is treated as an uncut gem. There are three subtypes of raw glass (and, once cut, of cut glass gems):

Gems

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Gem name
! Value
! Color
! Requires
|-
|green glass||2×||{{Raw Tile|☼♦|2:0}}||[[bag]] full of [[sand]]
|-
|clear glass||5×||{{Raw Tile|☼♦|3:0}}||[[bag]] full of [[sand]] + [[pearlash]]
|-
|crystal glass||10×||{{Raw Tile|☼♦|7:1}}||rough [[rock crystal]] + [[pearlash]]
|}

Making raw glass requires a dwarf with the [[glassmaking]] [[labor]] designated, and, just like working [[metal]], it also requires [[fuel]] (either [[coke]] or [[charcoal]]) at a normal glass furnace, or [[magma]] at a magma [[glass furnace]]. Like all gems, raw glass has no [[quality]] modifiers. Note that cut rock crystals can't be used to make crystal glass objects.

Raw gems are only one of the many things your [[glassmaker]]s can make from glass. See [[glass]] and [[glass industry]] for more information.

== In real life ==

A gem is a [[Stone|mineral]] (or a mineral-like material) admired by a culture, often due to their beauty and durability (resistance to scratches), so that they have economic value in and of themselves.

Most gems are made of the same basic minerals found in common rocks; but their atoms are arranged into ordered patterns, called '''crystals''', with drastic consequences to their appearance and material properties. For example, the same mineral quartz that looks so unremarkable in [[quartzite]] may form the strikingly geometric, beautifully translucent [[Rock crystal|rock crystals]], if it has the space to grow up slowly – in a crack or cavity within [[granite|granite rock]], for example.
<gallery>
File:Kwarcyt osadowy 1.jpg|Quartzite, an unremarkable stone.
File:QuartzVug.jpg|Rock crystal growing inside a rock cavity. These are made of the same basic stuff as quartzite, only better arranged.
</gallery>

Each particular crystal has a stable angle between its faces, depending on the underlying atomic structure; quartz is hexagonal, while [[rock salt]] is cubic.
<gallery>
File:Close packing.svg|Hexagonal (left) and cubic (right) patterns of ordered mineral growth.
File:Rough rock crystals.JPG|Rough rock crystals (quartz).
File:Quartztaille.jpg|A large rock crystal, cut in an emerald-cut shape. Expert [[Gem cutter|gem cutters]] will work with the natural planes of the crystal's structure, making them shiny and reflective.
File:Salt crystals, Kuyalnik.JPG|Cubic [[rock salt]] crystals (click to embiggen).
</gallery>

A more drastic (and famous) example is carbon. The organic content of sedimentary rocks like [[bituminous coal]] may be pressured and heated into honeycomb [[Layer|layers]], forming the [[metamorphic]] stone [[graphite]] (which we use in pencils, and dwarves use for long-lasting fires). That very same carbon may be shaped, with more pressure and less heat (when, for example, stricken by a meteorite), into the nested cubes known as [[Diamond|diamonds]].
<gallery>
File:Coal bituminous.jpg|[[Bituminous coal]], aka dead swamp stuff. Mostly carbon.
File:Diamond and graphite without structures.jpg|[[Diamond|Rough diamonds]] and [[graphite]], also carbon.
File:Graphit gitter.png|Internal structure of graphite; honeycomb patterns layered in sheets.
File:Diamond cubic animation.gif|Complex cubic internal structure of diamonds.
File:Brillanten.jpg|[[Gem cutting|Round brilliant cut]] diamonds.
</gallery>

Some non-mineral materials that have been sometimes considered "gems" include organic products like [[amber]], [[coral]], and [[pearl]]; and rocks (bundles of multiple minerals) like [[jet]], [[green jade|jade]] and [[lapis lazuli]]. Of these, pearl only exists in DF as a placeholder, coral and amber in the most rudimentary of forms; but not as gemstones. Jet counts as a [[stone|regular stone]] in DF, while jade (in various colors) and lapis lazuli are gemstones.

{{Translation
| dwarven = kadôl
| elvish = eruwa
| goblin = straza
| human = ves
}}
{{gems}}
{{materials}}

{{Category|Materials}}
{{Category|Gems|0}}
[[ru:Gem]]

Ceramic industry

2023-01-17T05:26:51Z

PenguinMage: /* Ceramic industry crossover */

{{Quality|Unrated}}
{{av}}

[[File:clay_pots_sm.jpg|thumb|260px|right|Clay goods]]The '''ceramic industry''' produces a variety of goods used for [[Finished goods|trade]], [[Container|storage]], [[block|construction]]s, and [[decoration]] in support of a [[fortress]]. Although the industry produces a fairly limited variety of goods when compared to others, ceramic goods are naturally worth three to ten times the [[Item value|value]] of similar goods made from common [[Stone industry|stone]] or [[Wood industry|wood]], making them a lucrative option for wealth creation. Ceramic goods are divided into three distinct categories (called wares) based on the raw materials used. [[Earthenware]] items are produced from generic [[clay]], [[stoneware]] from [[fire clay]] and [[porcelain]] from the stone [[kaolinite]]. In order to ensure watertight [[earthenware]] containers ([[jug]]s and [[large pot]]s), as well as to increase overall item value, [[earthenware]] items require an additional production step called [[Glazer|glazing]]. The ceramics industry also produces [[gypsum plaster]] which is critical for dwarven [[healthcare]]. [[Pearlash]], a critical production material for the [[glass industry]], is also created as a crossover material from the ceramic industry.

All '''ceramic goods''' are produced by a '''[[potter]]''' at a '''[[kiln]]''' which requires a [[fuel]] source. Regardless of material category, the specific goods that can be produced are: [[jug]]s, [[large pot]]s, [[block|bricks]] (clay blocks), [[statue]]s, [[craft]]s, and [[hive|beehives]]. [[Gypsum plaster]] and [[pearlash]] are also created at a kiln, but use the [[furnace operator]] instead of the potter labor.

== Industry requirements: resources, facilities, and labor ==
* Resources: [[Clay]], [[Fire clay]], [[Kaolinite]], [[Ash]] (from [[Wood]]), [[Cassiterite]], and [[fuel]]
* Facilities: [[Kiln]] or [[Magma kiln]], [[Wood furnace]]
* Labors: Item [[hauling]], [[Potter]], [[Furnace operator]], [[Glazer]], [[Mining]] (for Porcelain / fuel), [[Wood cutting]] (for fuel).
* Crossover industry requirements: [[Gypsum plaster]] stone: [[gypsum]], [[alabaster]], [[selenite]], or [[satinspar]]; [[Potash]] (for Pearlash)

== Categories of ceramic wares ==
=== Earthenware ===
[[Earthenware]] ceramics are made using generic [[clay]] which can be collected from any generic clay [[soil]] tile using the clay collection [[activity zone]], which are typically the most abundant and readily available ware type. Earthenware items have a base value of {{money|3}} (equivalent to the highest value stone - [[obsidian]]). Earthenware items are '''not''' waterproof, and as such require a finishing step of [[Glazer|glazing]] should the intended final use require liquid storage. Glazing can also be used to increase the value of the item. Glazed earthenware products can take a considerable toll on your wood resources, in particular if you are using wood for fuel as well as the glazing material (ash).

=== Stoneware ===
[[Stoneware]] ceramics can only be made from [[fire clay]], which is a fairly rare type of [[soil]]. As with generic clay, fire clay is collected using the clay collection [[activity zone]]. Stoneware items have a base value of {{money|4}}. They do not require glazing in order to be waterproof.

=== Porcelain ===
[[Porcelain]] ceramics can only be made from [[kaolinite]], a pinkish [[magma-safe]] [[stone]] which may be found in large clusters in sedimentary layers. It must be [[mining|mined]] rather than collected, making it a finite resource, (similar to [[crystal glass]] as used in the [[glass industry]]). Porcelain items have a value multiplier of 10x (equivalent to [[silver]].) Porcelain items are naturally waterproof (do not require glazing). While the stone itself is magma safe, porcelain blocks are not.

=== Gypsum plaster ===
[[Gypsum plaster]], while technically not a direct product of the ceramic industry, is produced at a [[kiln]], and can be included in your ceramic industry layout. Gypsum plaster is used to create casts, which are used for [[healthcare]] as an alternative to making and using splints. Gypsum plaster can be created from any of the following stone types: [[gypsum]], [[alabaster]], [[selenite]], or [[satinspar]]. The stone, along with an empty bag, must be brought to a kiln where a [[Furnace operator]] will pulverize the raw stone and place the plaster powder into the bag for storage.

== Earthenware production ==
=== Clay collection ===
[[File:Earthenware Only.jpg|Thumb|right|400px|]]
Earthenware ceramics require generic clay as the basic raw material. There are several types of soil that provide clay, including [[clay]], [[clay loam]], [[sandy clay]], and [[silty clay]]. To collect clay, you will need to do the following:
# Use the {{Menu icon|z}} [[Zones]] function and choose the Clay option, then select an area of soil (preferably in a secure, underground area) that contains clay in order to set up a clay collection zone.
# Ensure that at least one dwarf has the [[Hauling#Item hauling|item hauling]] labor enabled, which is the labor required to collect clay from a zone.
# Select a [[Kiln]] and issue a clay collection order. If you plan on producing a lot of items, it is a good idea to set this order on repeat.
As long as at least one tile of clay is available on your fortress map, you will be able to harvest clay infinitely. Collected clay appears as a boulder (similar to stone boulders) and does not use containers for storage or transport. Once harvested, the collecting dwarf will haul the clay to an appropriate [[stockpile]], if available. If there are no suitable [[stockpile]]s, the clay will be left at the collection site.

==== Firing clay ====
Earthenware items are produced at a [[kiln]] by a dwarf with the [[potter]] [[labor]] enabled. Select the kiln and then designate the item to be made. There is no requirement to first create items on a potters wheel, so it is assumed that your potter hand throws the items to be made and places them directly into the kiln for firing, which strengthens and hardens the item. Kilns require a [[fuel]] source, whereas [[magma kiln]]s can produce all items using [[magma]] as the fuel. A standard [[kiln]] will consume one unit of [[fuel]] per job. (For a discussion of fuel sources, see the [[fuel industry]].)

=== Glazing ===
[[File:Glazing only.jpg|Thumb|right|400px|]]
[[Glaze|Glazing]] is a process that covers a selected ware with a substance that, when re-fired, results in a glassy, non porous coating which serves to protect the ware, make it impermeable to liquids, and to enhance its visual appeal. Earthenware must be re-fired with a glaze material (or medium), of which there are two types, [[ash]] and [[cassiterite]] to produce a completed glazed product. Earthenware ceramic containers must be glazed in order to hold [[water]] or more importantly [[booze]] and [[oil]]. Glazing also increases the value of the items, the amount determined by the type of glaze medium used. Glaze mediums are applied at a kiln to [[jug]]s, [[statue]]s, [[large pot]]s, and [[craft]]s made from either stone or ceramics, by a [[glazer]]. Earthenware items re-fired in a kiln with 1/150th of a bar of [[ash]] produce [[ash glaze]]d items which adds {{money|50}} to the items value, though a full bar is required to start the job. Earthenware items re-fired with boulders of [[cassiterite]] produce [[tin glaze]]d items which adds {{money|100}} to the items value. [[Cassiterite]] is an ore which, when smelted, produces [[tin]], and is typically rare, and usually cannot be purchased from caravans. Bars of tin cannot be used to make tin glazes. Note that glazes are not products in themselves, you do not make a glaze and then apply it to the ware. It is effectively a unique (to ceramics and some stone items) form of item decoration.

[[File:Ash Only.jpg|Thumb|left|400px|]]

==== Production of glaze medium ====
* [[Ash]] bars are produced by a [[wood burner]] at a [[wood furnace]] using the logs of felled [[tree]]s.
* [[Cassiterite]] is an [[ore]] of [[tin]], collected by [[mining]]. It is typically rare, and when present, is used to support the [[metal industry]].
{{clear}}

== Stoneware production ==
[[File:Stoneware Only.jpg||Thumb|right|400px|]]
=== Fire clay collection ===
Stoneware is notable in that it can only be made from [[fire clay]]. The collection of fire clay is done in exactly the same manner as regular clay collection.

=== Firing fire clay ===
Stoneware items are produced by firing them at a [[kiln]] by a dwarf with the [[potter]] [[labor]] enabled. Kilns require a [[fuel]] source, whereas [[magma kiln]]s can produce all items using [[magma]] as the fuel.
{{clear}}

== Porcelain production ==
[[File:Porcelain only.jpg||Thumb|right|400px|]]
=== Kaolinite collection ===
The stone [[kaolinite]] must be mined and collected as with other stone resource gathering. It appears dark red in color, and is a sedimentary stone found in large clusters. The presence of kaolinite and wood or [[bituminous coal]] (for fuel) in abundance can result in rapid (sometimes <del>too rapid</del> lots of [[fun]]) wealth generation for a fortress. If you do not have any [[kaolinite]] readily available, you may be able to procure some through [[trading]]. Check with your [[outpost liaison]] and request the stone. They probably won't bring a lot, but it will give you something to work with.

=== Firing porcelain ===
Porcelain items are produced at a [[kiln]] by a Dwarf with the [[potter]] [[labor]] enabled. Kilns require a [[fuel]] source, whereas [[magma kiln]]s can produce all items using [[magma]] as the fuel.

== Ceramic industry output ==
*'''Jugs and Large Pots:''' Given that there is considerable work required to use [[earthenware]] jugs and large pots for liquid storage (i.e. glazing), it is reasonable to question their utility. One consideration for their use would be the consideration of item [[weight]]. Earthenware is the lightest of the three -ware types with a [[density]] of 1360, which is much less than almost every type of stone, and all three types of glass (2600). [[Jet]] (stone) is the exception, as its density is just below that of earthenware (1320). The lightest normal (not [[adamantine]]) metal is [[aluminum]] at 2700. Large pots used for [[booze]] storage are typically hauled all over your fortress, so the lighter and thereby faster they are, the more efficient they become. So the extra effort of producing glazed earthenware large pots will result in the largest, and effectively lightest liquid containers. (unless, of course, you have gobs of adamantine to spare, or plenty of wood.)
*'''Crafts:''' The ceramic industry is one of the few industries that does not benefit from a nearby [[craftsdwarf's workshop]]. As with the [[metal industry|metal]] and [[glass industry|glass]] industries, a unique facility is required to create crafts, and for ceramics this is the [[kiln]]. That said, the kiln cannot be used to make ceramic goblets, instruments, or toys.
*'''Ceramic Bricks (aka blocks):''' While all ceramic bricks are [[fire-safe]], they are not [[magma safe]] (even though porcelain is made from the magma-safe stone kaolinite). Ceramic bricks are 3-10x as valuable as common stone blocks and may be produced in infinite quantities if you have a local source of clay, making them marginally useful for improving the value of [[road]]s, [[bridge]]s, and [[room value|rooms]] in soil layers. If kaolinite is set to "non-economic" via the {{k|z}} Stone menu, a mason can convert one kaolinite boulder into four low-value, magma-safe kaolinite blocks instead.
*'''Statues:''' If high-value decorative metals ([[gold]], [[silver]], [[platinum]] and their [[metal|alloy]]s) are in short supply, and you are lucky enough to have some kaolinite, porcelain [[statue]]s can be used to create high-value rooms. The endless nature of earthenware and stoneware statues also makes them suitable for producing in high quantities to achieve the same purpose, or simply to create impressive-looking architecture.

== Benefits of skilled labor and strange moods ==
A skilled [[potter]] or [[glazer]] will generate items or decorations of a higher value. If fuel is in ready supply, a [[potter]] can be quickly skilled up by churning out earthenware craft items. Likewise, while done one at time, ash glazing is very fast with low resource cost. Neither the [[potter]] nor [[glazer]] labor qualifies for [[strange mood]]s. It can be worthwhile to give these dwarves some experience in a desirable "moodable" skill like [[weaponsmith]] to avoid getting another legendary [[woodcrafter]].

==Advanced industry management==
# '''Optimal Clay Collection:''' A robust ceramic industry will demand a lot of clay, so it is a good idea to put dedicated kiln(s) on repeating collection orders, preferably with nine redundant iterations to prevent the [[manager]] from tasking any other production from that kiln. (Or just use the workshop profile) Clay collection is time-consuming, and if you are outstripping your supply you will start to see job cancellations as the potter's increasing skill / speed of production outpaces the clay supply. To ensure a smooth production process, have several dwarves with item hauling enabled for each kiln set to gather clay. Putting the collection zone as close as possible to the operating kiln and collection kilns reduces both hauling and travel time. The zone can be designated right on top of the operating kiln with no ill effects, and reduces the potter’s hauling duties to almost nil. There appear to be no issues with small (1-6 tile) zones with multiple collection kilns, although further research/experience is required.
# '''Managing your Stocks:''' Clay is [[stockpile]]d under Stone, and each clay boulder takes up a single tile, so it's a good idea to create fairly large clay stockpiles close to your kilns. [[Wheelbarrow]]s may be useful for collecting clay, but it needs to be determined if a second collection trip occurs for each clay boulder produce in collection, (e.g. one trip to harvest the clay and one to transport it) which might diminish the utility of the wheelbarrow. It may be more efficient to create a stockpile right next to your collection area, and then create a second stockpile next to your kilns, which takes from the first (in which case wheelbarrow use will save time.) Alternatively, quantum stockpiles are a useful space-saving (but management-intensive) alternative. Kaolinite boulders also take up a full tile, so somewhat large stockpiles are useful for that as well.
# '''Ware Specific Production:''' If you are fortunate enough to have both generic and fire clay, as well as kaolinite, or you purchase the material from caravans, you will want to control the ceramic item produced by the related ware type. This is challenging, as you can't fine-tune what your dwarves will use through the kiln menu or the manager's screen. You can't tell them exactly what material to fire or what kind of thing to glaze, only what to make and what type of item to glaze. This can be solved by using linked [[stockpile]]s or workshop-restricting [[burrow]]s. Ideally you could create a single kiln for each ware type and link it to a dedicated stockpile. You will also need to link non-magma kilns to a fuel stockpile (you can use the same fuel stockpile for multiple kilns). Workshop-restricting burrows can be set up similarly. Another approach uses the fact that dwarves will usually go for the nearest available resource. Make a custom dedicated stockpile right next to a kiln, isolating the raw material, and you can more or less force the potters to use that material over another. If you only have one production kiln, this has the major disadvantage of requiring you to haul raw material back and forth when you change ware type, as dwarves will have to carry away the no-longer-needed material and carry in the newly desired one. You can also try forbidding the raw materials so dwarves can't make goods from them. This is probably most useful for kaolinite because of its limited availability.
# '''Glaze Specific Production:''' If you have lots of wood and cassiterite available allowing for both glaze types, you will face the same production problems as you would with multiple ware source material. Optimally, dedicate one kiln to a stockpile with a specific glaze material (ash or cassiterite), a fuel stockpile, and an earthenware goods stockpile. You can chose (control) the item to be glazed, and by linking the kiln to a specific glaze material stockpile, you will also control the glaze type. It is also useful to keep a [[wood furnace]] producing ash and a wood stockpile close by, which should keep your stocks of ash readily available. Ash is produced as a bar, and is stored in [[bin]]s, so your ash stockpile can be fairly small and still hold a considerable amount of ash. Tin bars can't be used to make tin glazes, so don't smelt cassiterite if you don't need tin bars.

=== Ceramics industry integrated flowchart ===
{{collapsible|Production Flowchart (click to enlarge)|
[[File:Ceramics Flowchart (All).jpg|thumb|800px|center|Ceramic Industry Production Flowcharts]]
}}

== Ceramic industry crossover ==
# '''Glass Industry:''' As there is some natural overlap with the [[glass industry]] with regard to materials required, it may be useful to set up your ceramics industry near your glass industry. [[Potash maker]]s use ash at [[Ashery|asheries]] to produce [[potash]], which in turn feeds kilns that make [[pearlash]], which is used to make [[clear glass]] and [[crystal glass]]. As ceramics already requires ash production, and uses kilns as the primary production facility, there is some efficiency advantage to be had by keeping the distance between the two industries short.
#'''Fuel Industry:''' The ceramic industry relies on fuel to function properly. Until magma becomes available, a steady supply of [[coke]] or [[charcoal]] will be necessary.
#'''Wood Industry:''' The glazing of earthenware products relies on [[ash]]. If you plan on developing a large ceramic industry, integration of ash production directly into the ceramics facility layout is recommended.

== Notes, tips, and tricks: ==
* '''Embark:''' To ensure that you can set up a basic ceramic industry, make sure that either '''"clay"''' or '''"shallow clay"''' is shown as available in the [[embark]] screen. The specific type of clay available, (such as fire clay) cannot be determined ahead of time, (unless you use DFHack's pre-embark estimate, which is not always accurate.)
* Raw clay boulders can also be used in construction, similar to stone boulders.
* It is possible to create clay soil tiles in areas where there are no naturally occurring tiles. When an underground plant ([[tree]]s, [[shrub]]s, [[grass]] or moss) grows on a muddy stone floor tile (after discovering a [[Caverns|cavern]]) and is either trampled, gathered, cut down or removed via building a dirt road on top of it, the floor tile turns into a soil type appropriate to the [[biome]] - for biomes which lack soil layers altogether (such as mountains and glaciers), a random soil type will be selected, which might sometimes be clay.
* Ceramics are considered to be [[fire-safe]] but typically are not [[magma safe]]. Raw clay is not [[fire-safe]].
* '''Stupid Dwarf Ceramics:''' Create an oriental themed fortress using porcelain statues, and ceramic blocks for internal construction. Use fire clay to create 1000 Terracotta statues for an elaborate tomb in which to enshrine a dead [[noble]].

{{D for Dwarf}}
Being somewhat sensitive as to their height (or lack thereof) in comparison to other sentient races, the ingenious yet vertically insecure Dwarves are prone to compensate for their diminutive stature by making "really big things". Take, for example, the ceramic statue. Given that the average statue is large enough to take up the entire space of a tile upon which it is placed (thereby prohibiting passage), it therefore must be considerably larger than a chest or cabinet (large furniture items which do allow units to pass through), and it can only be surmised that the statues are quite large. It follows that a "really big kiln", (say, 10-12 feet tall) would be required to fire one of these "really big statues" using incredibly accurate temperature control. For a Dwarf, these feats of engineering are taken in (short legged) stride. Given the size, weight, and relative fragility of an un-fired statue, it must be assumed that your basic kiln also includes a crane (or two) and the necessary scaffolding surrounding the kiln that will allow careful placement of the statues within the massive firing chamber.

{{Category|Industry}}
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Clay

2023-01-17T05:19:08Z

PenguinMage: /* Ceramics */

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'''Clay''' is one of the many types of [[soil]] that can be found in [[soil layer]]s. [[Aquifer]]s are never present in clay layers.

== Ceramics ==
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Five different soil types are classified as clay: clay, [[clay loam]], [[sandy clay]], [[silty clay]], and [[fire clay]], each of which can be gathered for use in [[Ceramic industry|ceramics]]. If your [[embark]] site has at least one type of clay, it will be shown as ''Clay'' or ''Shallow Clay'' in the embark screen's biome viewer.

The gathering and use of clay is done from a [[kiln]] or [[magma kiln]] and behaves similarly to most material production, but includes elements similar to [[glass]] production. In order to gather clay, a [[activity zone#Clay Collection|gathering zone]] must first be designated over a clay-bearing tile (note that clay can be collected from adjacent clay walls, even diagonally), much like with [[sand]]; however, gathering clay creates a clay "boulder" (the same as raw stone) and does not require a bag. These clay boulders are stored in a stone stockpile and may be used to build [[workshop]]s and [[construction]]s, but constructed clay floors '''cannot''' be used in place of natural soil. As with sand, clay can be gathered indefinitely from a single tile - any dwarf with the item hauling [[labor]] enabled can collect clay.

Clay can be made into pots, [[block|bricks]], [[statue]]s, [[hive]]s and [[Finished goods|craft]]s. Small pots, called [[jug]]s, function similar to bags and waterskins, while large pots are treated like barrels. Creating any object from clay requires a unit of fuel, or a magma kiln.

Before an [[earthenware]] pot (large or small) can hold liquids, it must be '''glazed'''. Glazing is performed at a [[kiln]] and requires either a unit of [[ash]] or a unit of [[cassiterite]] ([[tin]] ore), plus a unit of fuel. [[Stoneware]] and [[porcelain]] pots do not need to be glazed.

When an underground plant ([[tree|trees]], [[shrub|shrubs]], [[grass]] or moss) grows on a muddy stone floor tile (after discovering a [[Caverns|cavern]]) and is either trampled, gathered, cut down or removed via building a dirt road on top of it, the floor tile turns into a soil type appropriate to the [[biome]] - for biomes which lack soil layers altogether (such as mountains and glaciers), a random soil type will be selected, which might sometimes be clay.

[[Grass]], [[tree|sapling]]s and [[shrub]]s can grow on clay soil, which causes the underlying clay to be temporarily unavailable for collection, giving the message "Urist McBagger cancels Collect Clay: Clay vanished" if the job is in progress, or "Urist McBagger cancels Collect Clay: Need valid, active clay collection zone" if the job is new. You can easily remove the grass ''and'' prevent it from growing back by building a dirt [[road]] ({{K|b}}-{{K|o}}) over the grass. You can also put a floor [[grate]] over a clay floor to prevent growth while allowing clay to be collected, but you must first remove the grass/sapling/sapling; you can do this by placing a dirt road ({{K|b}}-{{K|O}}) over it.

Occasionally, it is possible to 'cultivate' clay by channeling down into the lowest normal layer of the caverns, revealing a "[[Semi-molten rock|magma flow]]" above a floor of [[semi-molten rock]] (and a [[ramp]] on the level below, if the square had not previously been revealed). If a [[floor]] is constructed over the flow, then deconstructed, a natural floor of clay or [[sand]] may be left behind. In some cases, this may be the sole domestic source of clay for a fortress.

Clay cannot be used in jewelcrafting unlike any other stone or ore. Furthermore, clay cannot be fired from a [[catapult]], loaded into a [[stone-fall trap]], or used in place of stone at a [[mason's workshop]].

== Tips ==
Designation of a clay collection tile will repeatedly gather clay while the kiln has the job on repeat. This clay can then be used as a fire-safe building material for exterior walls. Using this strategy allows you to build a fort quickly without hauling heavy stone or using burnable wood. Placing the collection zone near the main stairway increases efficiency. Remember to forbid clay from your stone stockpiles to avoid wasted hauling and valuable storage for real rocks.

== Bugs ==
* It is possible to "cut" clay at a [[Jeweler's_workshop|jeweler]] just like any other stone. These clay gems are treated like a normal gem and can be used to encrust the standard materials, but do not have a visible entry in gem stockpiles. It can only be forbidden or allowed in gem stockpiles with Block All and Allow All respectively.{{Bug|9749}}

[[File:Polymer clay examples.jpg|thumb|300px|center|Polymer clay in different colors.]]

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