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Water wheel

2023-01-16T05:45:18Z

Thurlin05: /* Dwarven Water Reactor */ - added some new reactor images

{{migrated article}}
{{Quality|Unrated}}
{{V50 machine|name=Water wheel|key=h
|construction=
* 3 [[Log]]s
|construction_job=
[[Carpentry]]
|power=Needs 10 power. Generates 100 power. Net gain of 90 power.
}}{{av}}

A '''water wheel''' is a [[machine component]] that provides [[power]] via water [[flow]].* To build a water wheel, select {{key|b}}uild menu and choose {{key|m}}achines/fluids. It requires 3 [[wood]] and generates 90 net power, which can be used for operating one or more [[Screw pump|pumps]] or [[mill]]s. You can use [[axle]]s and [[Gear assembly|gears]] to distribute the power produced by a water wheel, or connect the machinery directly.

Waterwheels do ''not'' work with [[waterfall]]s, nor in magma — it takes water that is "[[flow]]ing" according to the DF use of the term.

(* Dwarf Fortress' version of "flow" is not intuitive - read the article for a full understanding.)

''For a basic overview of how the different machine parts work and work together, see [[machinery]].''

== Construction ==
The [[carpentry]] labor is needed for construction.

A water wheel occupies 3 adjacent tiles (N-S or E-W axis, no diagonals). It is the [[Wood#Types|color]] of the first wood selected for it, so you could build a red wheel with one piece of [[goblin-cap]] and two of any other wood.

Although it's ''possible'' to build a stable water wheel on solid ground, it won't provide any power. A useful water wheel is built in an empty tile that does not contain a floor, allowing the wheel to be powered by water in the tiles one [[Z-axis|z-level]] below. Floorless tiles are typically made by [[channel|channel]]ling away the floor. To support the water wheel, build it with its central tile orthogonally adjacent to a gear assembly, a horizontal axle, a screw pump, or the central tile of a pre-existing water wheel. Do not hang it from a gear assembly you wish to control with a switch, as a disconnected ("switched off") gear assembly can't support anything and will cause the waterwheel to deconstruct.

[[Power]] is generated from a water wheel as long as it has [[flow]]ing water at a depth of 4/7 or greater under at least one of its tiles. The easiest way to achieve this is by placing the water wheel over a [[river]] or [[brook]]. '''With a brook you must first channel through the surface''' since brooks have a floor of sorts over them.

Furthermore, the body of water beneath the water wheel must be flowing in the correct '''direction''' in order for it to work—for example, placing a N-S water wheel over water flowing straight east or west will have no effect. Since most water in Dwarf Fortress seems to flow diagonally, this is rarely an issue.

==Designs==
'''Key:'''

'''#''' = '''Wall'''
○ = '''Millstone'''
+ = '''Floor'''
~ = '''Water'''
W = '''Water Wheel'''
* = '''Gear Assembly'''
═ = '''Axle'''

{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"
|+'''Basic watermill design'''
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #07F; padding: 0"|~
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #07F; padding: 0"|~
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #333; padding: 0"|○
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|W
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #333; padding: 0"|*
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|═
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|═
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|═
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|W
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|W
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #7FF; padding: 0"|~
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #07F; padding: 0"|~
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|}
{|style="border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd"
|+'''Dual watermill design'''
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #07F; padding: 0"|~
|style="color: #07f; padding: 0"|~
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #07F; padding: 0"|~
|style="color: #7FF; padding: 0"|~
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #333; padding: 0"|○
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|W
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|W
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #333; padding: 0"|*
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|═
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|═
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|═
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|W
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|W
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|W
|style="color: #970; padding: 0"|W
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #07F; padding: 0"|~
|style="color: #07F; padding: 0"|~
|- style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%"
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|#
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #777; padding: 0"|+
|style="color: #07F; padding: 0"|~
|style="color: #07F; padding: 0"|~
|}
This is by no means the limit of water power from one location, depending on the width of your river/brook/channel you can stack many waterwheels side-by-side (really big assembles will need to be artificial as there's a limit to how wide the game created water flows get). Just remember to make sure there's a support structure in place before you place the next wheel.

== Perpetual motion ==

Due to the relatively low power draw of a [[screw pump]], a ''self-powering'' assembly can be made with a water wheel that still leaves plenty of excess power for other uses. This is undeniably an [[exploit]] and possibly a bug.

To get it working, you must start the pump manually.*

:''(* Exceptions are [[aquifer]]s, which can sometimes have naturally occurring [[flow]]. This is sometimes a good thing, because then a wheel simply works by itself - or a bad thing, if, for example, you want the wheel to '''not''' provide any power while you build a pump adjacent to it. It's not clear what causes an aquifer to have flow and then keep it - it's difficult to replicate reliably, and can be lost with additional [[channel]]ing, so designs will have to be adapted if such are found.)''

It is good to have a ready source of water to refill the machine, as water tends to escape and evaporate. As the water level decreases, the water wheel may intermittently stop providing power; when the level falls below 4/7, the wheel stops providing power altogether.

'''*REMEMBER TO BUILD AN ORTHOGONAL PUMP, HORIZONTAL AXLE OR GEAR ASSEMBLY BEFORE THE WATER WHEEL*'''

===Dwarven Water Reactor===
{{projects}}
====Key====
:{{Raw Tile|║ ═ ╝ ╚ ╔ ╗ ╣ ╠ ╩ ╦ O|7:0:1}} = '''Wall'''
:{{Raw Tile|+|7:0:0}} = '''Floor'''
:{{Raw Tile|W|6:0:0}} = '''Water Wheel''' with floor underneath
:{{Raw Tile|W|6:1:1}} = '''Water Wheel''' with water underneath
:{{Raw Tile|≈|1:0:1}} = '''Water''' on current level
:{{Raw Tile|≈|3:0:1}} = '''Water''' on level below
:{{Raw Tile|X|2:0:0}} {{Raw Tile|X|2:0:1}} = '''Screw Pump''' drawing from south

This compact design, once started, produces 170 surplus power (less additional power train). While the water reactor provides a perpetual source of mechanical power in abundant amounts, the use of several reactors can cause performance issues. When building your water reactor, it is recommended that you include a method for stopping the reactor once started.

<div style="float:right; margin:2ex 20ex;"> 
{|
!'''Lower Level'''
!
!'''Upper Level'''
|-
|
{| style="border-spacing:0;"
|-
|{{RT|╔|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|═|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╦|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|═|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╗|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|O|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|╚|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╗|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|╔|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╝|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RTB|0:0:0}}
|{{RT|╚|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|═|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╝|7:0:1}}
|{{RTB|0:0:0}}
|}

|

|
{| style="border-spacing:0;"
|-
|{{RT|╔|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|═|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|═|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|═|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╗|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|W|6:1:1}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|W|6:1:1}}
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|╝|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|W|6:1:1}}
|{{RT|X|2:0:0}}
|{{RT|W|6:1:1}}
|{{RT|╚|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|W|6:0:0}}
|{{RT|X|2:0:1}}
|{{RT|W|6:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|-
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|≈|3:0:1}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|-
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|}
|}
</div>

[[File:Reactor with mist generator.png|thumb|right|Reactor with Mist Generator attached.]]
[[File:Water channel.png|thumb|right|Lower Level water channel]]

Dig the V-shaped channel and fill it with water (either from an outside source or by designating it as a [[pond]]). On the top level, channel out two tiles under each wheel -- the ones under the center of the wheel and the ones by the pump output. Construct the pump, pumping from the South. Construct the two water wheels. Start the pump manually ( {{k|q}}, {{k|Enter}} ) - if there is enough water*, the "reactor" will start immediately and the pump operator will leave. The water from the north end of the pump will spill over the top-most floor tile, filling that to 7/7 and the two tiles east and west of it to ~5/7, but will not overflow back past the water wheel to the walkway area. Note that for the upper level, no southern walls are shown as none are needed, unless you don't follow the design and do something to create water pressure.

*''(* Estimated minimum depth to prime the reactor is 3/7 to 4/7, though this is not guaranteed.)''
* The ideal amount of water in this design is apparently 63 units of water. In other words six tiles below in the V are full up to 7/7 and three more above are also full up to 7/7 which will generate reliable flow permanently without ever losing any of that water to evaporation. An easy way to do this is to simply leave your pond fill command on after the reactor activates. They will eventually fill it up to the optimal level and stop.
* When you first start the pump, you are likely to have at least some excess water splash out while the fluid level achieves equilibrium - don't locate this in an area that you don't want any mud in.
* If the reactor is connected to a load totaling more than 100 power (including that used by the waterwheels and pump), it may sometimes fail to start. Using a gear assembly to disconnect the load from the reactor before starting it can fix this.

The reactor can be safely halted either by blocking the tile the pump draws water from or "overloading" the reactor (since drawing more power than the reactor supplies will stop the pump that keeps the cycle going until the load is reduced and the pump is manually restarted by dwarf-power). An easy way to halt the reactor is to place a lever-linked hatch cover over the tile the pump draws from. When the cover is closed, the pump can't draw any water, and the reactor stops. More drastically, the reactor will obviously be halted by deconstructing the pump. Deconstructing one wheel will cause a flood (and almost immediately cancel any job order to deconstruct the other components), and deconstructing the pump will cause both wheels to collapse (unless they are attached to [[machinery]] outside them, not shown).

[[Power]] can be routed up from the pump or off to the side from a wheel; the bottom of the pump is difficult to access without danger of water escaping. Routing power from a wheel is typically safe in practice, but it's not impossible for a small amount of water to escape the reactor if it is temporarily overfilled. Power can also be routed out of the reactor via a gear or horizontal axle over the pump's intake tile; while this does not interfere with the pump's operation or present a danger of flooding, it makes it more difficult to shut down the reactor. In either case, it's typically wise to place a [[gear assembly]] linked to a [[lever]] early in the power train in order to allow disconnecting the power at that point, as opposed to needing to halt the entire reactor to stop the power supply.

Expanded versions can produce more power, and can be added later with minimal advance planning; such extensibility is easily attainable by placing disengageable gears on either side of the two water wheels, then attaching minireactors at your leisure, or halting the original reactor by other means. Alternatively, it may be easier to simply produce a second reactor, then connect to the power train at another location.

''Note: If created in an aquifer, there is a chance that the channeled tiles will have a natural [[flow|water flow]] - this will cause the pump to start the moment the first wheel is finished, flooding the work area for the second.''
*This can be countered by connecting something that consumes >90 power while building the waterwheels -19 [[gear assembly|Gear assemblies]] works

===Mini Water Reactor===

This even more compact design is quite similar to the original Dwarven Water Reactor, but can be used in tight spots that do not need more than 80 surplus power. This plan can also be considered an extension unit to the DWR, in that it can be added to one or the other side to provide an additional 80 power to the resulting powertrain. Safely constructing a mini reactor to add to a previously built reactor without potential flooding and/or loss of power is possible only if you first turn off the original reactor. Planning ahead is a much better option, so if you're going to need more than 170 power, build a larger reactor to start with.

As stated previously, the design below produces 80 surplus power (less additional powertrain).

{|
|'''Lower Level'''
|'''Upper Level'''
|-
|
{| style="border-spacing:0;"
|-
|{{RT|╔|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|═|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╗|7:0:1}}
|{{RTB|0:0:0}}
|-
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{RTB|0:0:0}}
|-
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{RTB|0:0:0}}
|-
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|╚|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╗|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|╚|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╗|7:0:1}}
|{{H2O}}
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RTB|0:0:0}}
|{{RT|╚|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|═|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╝|7:0:1}}
|}

|
{| style="border-spacing:0;"
|-
|{{RT|╔|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|═|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|═|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|╗|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|W|6:1:1}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|║|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|╝|7:0:1}}
|{{RT|W|6:1:1}}
|{{RT|X|2:0:0}}
|{{RT|╚|7:0:1}}
|-
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|W|6:0:0}}
|{{RT|X|2:0:1}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|-
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|≈|3:0:1}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|-
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|{{RT|+|7:0:0}}
|}
|}

Construction of the mini reactor follows the same order as for the DWR, though the channel is slightly different and only one water wheel is needed. If this is an addition to a full size reactor or set of reactors, all channels will need to be fairly full with water to start the reactor.

===Micro Water Reactor===

Replacing the pump with a dumping [[minecart]], the micro reactor is even more compact and produces up to 90 surplus power per waterwheel (less additional powertrain).

<diagram>
z z-1
+++ ╔═╗
+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#@]+ ║[#0:0][@6:0]■[#@]║
+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#6:0][@]═[#@] ║[#1:0]▲[#@]║
+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#@]+ ╚═╝
+++

</diagram>

Channel two adjacent tiles to create a trench, remove the ramp from one trench tile and build a [[Minecart#Track_Stops|track stop]] dumping into the other trench tile. Optionally link a lever to the track stop (to disable and enable the reactor later). Add a minecart to the track stop, build a waterwheel over the trench, and use a pond [[zone]] to fill the ramp tile. The reactor requires 11 units of water for continuous operation; any excess will simply disappear. Once filled, the minecart will dump water into the ramp tile. The water will then flow back to the minecart tile, refilling the minecart and repeating the process endlessly.

For more power, each trench can operate two waterwheels and multiple trenches can be arranged in a row to provide as much power as needed. (Each trench should remain isolated to avoid interference.) This example provides 356 surplus power with only 4 tiles of moving water:

<diagram>
z z-1
+++++
+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#@]+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#@]+
+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#6:0][@]═[#0:0][@6:0]─[#6:0][@]═[#@] ╔═╦═╗
+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#@]+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#@]+ ║[#0:0][@6:0]■[#@]║[#0:0][@6:0]■[#@]║
+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#@]+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#@]+ ║[#1:0]▲[#@]║[#1:0]▲[#@]║
+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#6:0][@]═[#0:0][@6:0]─[#6:0][@]═[#@] ╚═╩═╝
+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#@]+[#0:0][@6:0]─[#@]+
+++++

</diagram>

For a more compact design, several trench rows can be staggered to produce a solid block of waterwheels, scaling to whatever size necessary. The example below provides 538 power with 8 tiles of moving water:

<diagram>
z z-1
+++++ ╔═╗
++[#1:0].[#@]++ ║[#0:0][@6:0]■[#@]║
+[#0:0][@6:0]───[#@]+ ║[#1:0]▲[#@]║
+[#0:0][@6:0]───[#6:0][@]═[#@] ╔╩╦╩╗
+[#0:0][@6:0]───[#@]+ ║[#0:0][@6:0]■[#@]║[#0:0][@6:0]■[#@]║
+[#0:0][@6:0]───[#@]+ ║[#1:0]▲[#@]║[#1:0]▲[#@]║
+[#0:0][@6:0]───[#6:0][@]═[#@] ╚╦╩╦╝
+[#0:0][@6:0]───[#@]+ ║[#0:0][@6:0]■[#@]║
++[#1:0].[#@]++ ║[#1:0]▲[#@]║
+++++ ╚═╝

</diagram>

Note: To avoid access problems, large blocks of micro reactors should be built and filled one layer at a time.

== Flowing Water ==
Waterwheels require water which is flowing; the game will consider water to be flowing under two circumstances - the first is when water spreads, that is, when deeper water flows to an adjacent tile where the water is shallower. This could be called "gradient flow" because it requires the water be flowing from deeper to shallower. Water which doesn't have a gradient - such as stretches of water which are 7/7 deep - is generally not regarded by the game to be flowing even if water is technically being delivered through those tiles.

The second kind of flow the game recognizes is when water flows off the map, either by going off the map edge or disappearing into an aquifer (water which enters an aquifer vanishes from the map, since an aquifer can never become full, even if it's only a single tile). This kind of flow propagates back from the map edge or aquifer sink and causes all or most of the connected water to gain the "Flowing" quality. Water which is flowing off the map counts as flowing even on stretches of 7/7 depth. This kind of flow is most readily observed in brooks, streams and rivers; however artificially constructed dwarf-made water channels function just as effectively, provided that they ultimately flow off the map.
A tile which has been marked as flowing off the map will retain this quality even if water movement is later blocked. This is most readily observed in that a dammed river will continue to power waterwheels, even though the water is no longer flowing off the map. This works equally well for dwarf-made water channels, the flowing quality is so persistent that it will remain even if the area is completely drained and refilled, although while the tiles contain less than 4/7 water they won't power waterwheels regardless.

=== Legitimate artificial rivers ===
If one wishes, one can build an underground river containing 7/7 water which powers water wheels, by allowing water sourced from a river, lake, sea or aquifer to ultimately flow off the map edge in a cavern. This would require building an aqueduct to bring the river to the map edge, since, if the water spreads significantly before flowing off the map edge, the game won't regard it as flowing. Water flowing from a higher aquifer into a lower one will also have legitimate natural flow.

=== Flowing Water Reactors ===
It is possible to exploit the game's definition of flowing water and create patches of water which power waterwheels despite the complete absence of actual water movement. When a channel is dug into an aquifer, the channel will sometimes have "natural flow". However, if water is pumped into an aquifer channel, then that channel will then always have "natural flow". This is because water is regarded as disappearing from the map at that point, and the tiles are marked as flowing water, and will power water wheels - even if the pump is removed.

The other way to create water with natural flow is to allow the water to flow off of the map edge (most commonly through a fortification carved into the map edge, although the edge of the map on the surface or in a cavern can also be used). The body of water will then be marked as flowing, even if the map edge is subsequently blocked by a floodgate or raising bridge. This can even be done with finite water sources such as murky pools, for example digging out a channel next to the map edge, building a floodgate to seal the map edge drain, filling the channel with 4/7 water, opening the floodgate, then closing the floodgate and filling it back up to 4/7 water.

The ethics of these reactors is not particularly different to perpetual motion machines, the conventional perpetual motion machine uses water wheels to generate power, and uses a fraction of that power to move the water with a screw pump. A waterwheel generates 100 power and consumes 10 power, presumably the 10 power consumed represents the energy the waterwheel requires to move the water in front of its blades. But if the water wheel moves water in and of itself, the pump actually becomes unnecessary. The water wheel itself both moves the water and is moved by the water.
[[File:water_wheel_preview.png|thumb|340px|center|Circular versions works much better than the triangular one.]]
{{Translation| dwarven = arel kol | elvish = alu rere | goblin = esp sost | human = thomo pobe}}

{{buildings}}

File:Reactor with mist generator.png

2023-01-16T05:43:53Z

Thurlin05:

reactor with generator attached

File:Water channel.png

2023-01-16T05:43:17Z

Thurlin05:

Lower Level Water channels

Bone

2023-01-15T19:27:54Z

Thurlin05:

{{migrated article}}
{{Quality|Unrated}}
{{av}}
{{buggy}}
[[File:bones_icon_preview.png|right]]'''Bones''' are internal (or less commonly, external) rigid organs that make up the skeletal structure of most living creatures. Therefore, they're a common form of [[animal]] remains, as well as a handy [[craft]]ing material.

==Fortress mode==
===Acquiring bones===
[[File:skull_icon_v50.png|right]]Any time you [[butcher]] an animal with a skeleton at a [[butcher's shop]], you will produce bones along with several other products. This applies to full corpses, severed body parts, and even fully [[wear|decomposed]] skeletons. Alternatively, if a severed body part is allowed to fully rot, it may leave behind a stack of usable bones without ever needing to be butchered. Note that many civilizations (like dwarves) consider it [[ethics|unethical]] to butcher certain skeletons {{bug|1180}}.

While unmodded dwarves are unwilling to butcher sapient creatures, severed limbs will rot to bone stacks even without butchering. These bones cannot typically be used for crafting, however the bones of undead invaders are sometimes useable by dwarves. This is presumably a bug.

Bones are never imported in [[caravan]]s, and must be acquired locally.

===Uses for bone===
[[File:bone_icon.png|right]]The majority of the uses for bone are handled at a [[craftsdwarf's workshop]] using the [[bone carving]] [[labor]]:
*Bone [[craft]]s, for sale to visiting merchants. Although low [[value]], their only input is easy to acquire in vast amounts for most forts.
*Bone [[leggings]], [[greaves]], [[gauntlet]]s, and [[helm]]s. These [[armor]] pieces are far less effective in serious combat than [[metal]] armor, but better than nothing. Dwarves treat bone armor as "metal" when equipping their [[military]] [[uniform]]s. When crafting bone armor that requires more than one unit of bone, the crafter may take single bones from multiple bone stacks. The first stack selected determines the material of the resulting armor.
*Bone [[decoration]]s. Any decoratable item can be decorated with bone, adding to the item's [[value]].
*Bone [[bolt]]s for use in [[crossbow]]s. Each work order will consume one unit of bone to produce a stack of five bolts, as opposed to stacks of 25 from metal or wood. Bone bolts are better than their wooden counterparts, and while not as effective as metal bolts, are [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=116151.0 still able to pierce metal armors]. Bone bolts are a renewable resource for [[hunting]] animals, as animals are a source of bone.
*Some [[instruments]] and instrument parts may be made from bone, though this depends entirely on your specific [[world gen]] results.

At a [[bowyer's workshop]], using the [[crossbow-making]] labor:
*Bone [[crossbow]]s. These are one of the few weapons available without access to [[wood]] or [[metal]]. Although they are nearly useless when used in melee, they are just as deadly as a metal crossbow when firing bolts and weigh significantly less.

Apart from the manufacture of leggings and greaves, each bone-using job consumes only one bone from a stack. Greaves consume three bones per job, making it ideal to craft greaves from lower-value bones and everything else out of higher-value bones if you plan to export the non-masterwork items. The difference is only about 25% in value, but it adds up after making hundreds of items.

Bone greaves are among the best items to make because metal gauntlets and high boots give a positive return for melting while greaves do not. Metal greaves are also very heavy. Bone greaves can be combined with a metal helm, gauntlets, high boots, and [[leather]] armor (with optional mail shirt) to make a relatively light-weight, full-coverage uniform for an all-civilian military.

====Moods====
Dwarves in [[strange mood]]s will occasionally require bones, sometimes even multiple stacks of them. These dwarves will always take an entire stack independent of the number of bones in it.

As the number of bones per stack has no influence on the value of the resulting [[artifact]], it may be worth ''guiding'' your moody dwarf to use smaller stacks. This may be achieved by creating stacks of single bones '''before''' a strange mood happens and forbidding all other stacks of bones when you get the notice of the dwarf having claimed a workshop.

(Note that while it is not directly possible to ''unstack'' bones, it is possible to use bigger stacks to craft goods until only one bone remains.)

===Storing bones===
While bones are counted as "[[body parts]]" in the [[stocks]] menu, they have their own subcategory in the [[stockpile|refuse stockpile]] menu. Be aware that stockpiles with "refuse" enabled automatically degrade some items (clothes and armor) quite quickly; refuse should not be enabled in a multi-purpose stockpile. Refuse stockpiles also cause the degradation of stored body parts (such as bones and shells), though at a much slower pace. Bones stored in a refuse stockpile will decompose even more quickly if subjected to [[vermin]] such as [[rat]]s; consider [[pasture|pasturing]] a [[cat]] over the stockpile to minimize decay.

* Dwarves looking at bones may, in the short term, have a negative mood impact. In the medium term, this can lead to them better dealing with death. However, in the long term, it can turn to apathy. Best practice is to have your bone depot behind a door to make it less obvious to non-users.

==Adventure mode==
Adventurers will come across bones every time they butcher the corpse of a creature with a skeletal structure, and can use them to create wearable jewelry and salable trade goods. To do so, equip an item with a sharp edge, stand over a stack of bones on the ground, press {{k|x}}, choose "Create," choose "Carve Bone," choose the item you wish to make, and finally select the bone type you wish to use. You will produce the item instantly, no [[workshop]] required.

So long as you're successfully hunting animals, this will net you a significant amount of wealth to trade, especially once your [[bone carving]] skill rises and you start producing higher-quality items. If you have enough strength to handle a little extra weight, the jewelry is also worthwhile, acting as a very minor form of armor and potentially deflecting enemy attacks. It is not currently possible to produce ''actual'' bone armor in adventure mode, however.

{{Translation
| dwarven = osod
| elvish = one
| goblin = mudo
| human = sut
}}

{{gamedata}}
{{materials}}

{{Category|Materials}}
{{Category|Body parts}}
[[ru:Bone]]

{{D for Dwarf}}

Actually, bones do get transported, but the stupid bodies they're transported in need to be removed first.
[[File:bones_pile.jpg|thumb|290px|center|New bracelets, crafts and earrings are only a death away.]]

Tallow

2023-01-15T06:27:34Z

Thurlin05:

{{migrated article}}
{{Quality|Unrated}}
{{av}}
'''Tallow''' is the rendered form of [[animal]] [[fat]], made from fat by the 'render fat' job in a [[kitchen]]; fat is obtained from [[Butcher's shop|butchering]] animals. Tallow is used to make [[soap]], and can also be used as a low-value "solid" ingredient for cooking [[prepared meal]]s. Since tallow does not have quality levels, rendering fat is a good, but slow, way to train a [[cook]].

The [[standing orders]] workshop menu includes "Auto-Kitchen" (enabled by default), which will automatically schedule 'render fat' jobs on any available kitchen. Once your dwarves have produced enough tallow to last for years you may want to disable the "Auto-Kitchen" task to keep your cooks focused on more important jobs. You may want to save your tallow for making soap. Since tallow is often in the kitchen, it tends to be made into prepared meals before other ingredients. This can be a problem if Auto-Kitchen is enabled and you also have a Prepared Meal job set to repeat. Two ways to prevent this are to forbid your supplies of tallow, or disable it from being a cooking ingredient.

* Note: By default, any tallow produced will be eaten. Make sure to uncheck this as a viable food after producing your first bars if you want to save it for soap.

It is stored in food stockpiles and found under 'fat'. Tallow can be stored without a container, but if barrels are available, dwarves will fill up to 50 units of random tallow in one barrel.

Currently tallow will never rot, even if not stored in a stockpile.

For real-life information on tallow, view the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallow Wikipedia page].

[[File:beef-tallow.jpg|thumb|250px|center|In all its fatty goodness.]]

{{gamedata}}
{{materials}}

{{Category|Food}}
{{Category|Materials}}
[[ru:Tallow]]

Screw press

2023-01-15T05:24:40Z

Thurlin05:

{{migrated article}}
{{Quality|Unrated}}
{{V50 workshop|name=Screw press|key=R|job=[[Presser]], [[Papermaker]]
|icon=[[File:screw_press_icon.png]]
|construction=
* 2 [[Mechanism]]s
|construction_job=
* [[Mechanic]]
|use=
* [[Quarry bush|Rock nut paste]]
* [[Cotton|Cottonseed paste]]
* [[Flax|Linseed paste]]
* [[Hemp|Hempseed paste]]
* [[Kenaf|Kenafseed paste]]
* [[Olive]]
* [[Honeycomb]]
* [[jug|Empty jugs]]
* [[Slurry]]
|production=
* [[Oil]]
* [[Press cake]]
* [[Honey|Honey bee honey]]
* [[Wax|Honey bee wax cake]]
* [[Sheet]]
}}{{av}}

A '''screw press''' is a special workshop used to press liquids out of various substances. Currently, this consists of pressing [[seed]] pastes or fruit ([[olive]]s) to yield [[oil]] (which can then be made into [[soap]] or cooked) and [[press cake]] (which can be cooked), and pressing honeycombs to yield [[honey]] (which can then be brewed into mead) and wax cake (which can be made into wax crafts).

* Note: Each pressing job requires an empty [[jug]] to hold the oil or honey.

[[Slurry]] may be pressed into sheets of [[paper]] at the screw press. Unlike other jobs at the screw press, this requires [[papermaker|paper making]] and not [[pressing]]. Sheets of paper also have quality levels, while other products at the screw press do not.

== Bugs ==

* Screw presses sometimes do not allow the "press [[honeycomb]]" job to be added directly; adding the job via the [[manager]] interface should get the work started.

{{Gamedata}}
{{Workshops}}
{{buildings}}

Blueprint library

2023-01-14T15:04:34Z

Thurlin05: /* Other Blueprint articles */

==Automated Desalination Plant==

Removes salt from water, producing fresh water by pumping [[DF2014:Water#Salt_water|salt water]] through a [[screw pump]] to a container made of constructed walls and floors with a [[windmill]] powering the pump and ramps for easy access to water.

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==Building Destroyer... Destroyer==

Trap designed to affect [[building destroyer]] creatures. A [[support]] holding up a constructed floor causes a [[cave-in]], which will harm the creature. You will need pressure plates or some other trigger, as well as a building as bait, as [[building destroyer]]s will NOT target or destroy [[support]]s.

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===Gremlin Trap Variant===

Add [[lever]] linked to [[support]]: now, any gremlin foolish enough to pull this lever gets a surprise.

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===Cage Trap Variant===

Add [[cage trap]] around support. If the [[cave-in]] makes a creature unconscious, it will be caught by the cage trap, even if it itself is [[trapavoid]].

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= Other Blueprint articles =
* [[Atom smasher]]
* [[Bedroom design]]
* [[Exploits#Quantum stockpiles]]
* [[Mega construction]]
* [[Repeater]]
* [[Screw pump#Pump stack]]
* [[Siege engine#Ballista battery]]
* [[Tower]]
* [[Waterfall#Building an artificial waterfall]]
* [[Water Reactor]]

{{Category|Guides}}

Design strategies

2023-01-14T15:02:59Z

Thurlin05: Added water reactor reference to common blueprints. There seems to be less wind in v0.50 causing issues with many people's designs. This concept is more obscure but should work for almost everyone.

{{Quality|Unrated}}
{{av}}

There are at least three basic factors to consider when designing your fort.
* '''Security:''' Every fort needs some basic [[Security design|security]] measures. Otherwise you won't survive the first serious [[kobold]] attack, much less a full-blown [[Siege|goblin siege]].
* '''Efficiency:''' Whether hauling rocks, making a booze run, or just checking the contents of a cabinet, dwarves do a lot of walking. A good fortress layout -- especially the proper placement of workshops and stockpiles -- can significantly reduce the time your dwarves spend walking.
* '''Aesthetics:''' Hey, everybody wants a fortress that looks good.

In addition to the considerations above, it's also important to remember that long-term design strategies can easily be disrupted by the discovery of underground terrain features. Don't plan ''too'' far ahead, as you might need to adapt to unforeseen obstacles.

Also, there are several [[Main:Blueprint Library|design idioms]] of common usage like [[pump stack]]s and [[water reactor]]s.

==Security==
Everyone will have their own preferences regarding fortress defense and how to deal with undead, wildlife, hostiles and goblin invaders. Regardless of specifics, it's important to have a plan for dealing with the several different types of inevitable attacks. A few security tips are given below.

The single most important thing to remember is that in an emergency, your dwarves will be too panicked to react to orders. Prepare for every type of threat (both military and engineering, in the form of floods or other [[Fun]]) ''before'' it finds you, or it will be too late.

===Walls===
[[File:DFwikiWallBlockingEntrance.png|thumb|right|A steel wall blocking a corridor]]
[[Wall]]s are, by far and away, the single most powerful tool you have to combat enemies. Walls are currently invincible against any known force but the mighty dwarven [[pick]]. Putting a wall between your vulnerable and valuable civilians (and the others, too, why not?) and the things trying to kill them is the highest priority you have.

Building walls can take time and micromanagement, but building a maze (and stuffing it with traps) is a good way to slow invaders down, especially if you get forewarning from scouts. The longer invaders take to reach you, the more time you have to get your militia in place. However, since the advent of [[climb]]ing, keep in mind that just having 1-z-level walls are not enough. Place [[fortifications]] at the tops to stop climbers.

Digging ditches/[[moat]]s, then removing the ramps can also be useful as a faster method of creating impassable terrain for non-fliers, which have the added advantage of allowing [[Crossbowman|marksdwarves]] to shoot over them. Easier still is just using the "natural walls" of a hill, and removing all the ramps on one side or the other of the hill while building walls between the gaps. Climbing, however, makes this not enough for all circumstances. Either carve or build unclimbable [[fortifications]], or else dig another z-level down, and then dig two tiles under the rim of your platform to create an overhang that is impossible to climb.

Excavating fortresses by digging them out naturally creates walls, and makes for easy defenses, since it is far easier to designate for digging than to build a wall. Enclosed caves are also proof against flying monsters. At first, you might simply dig into a wall and put up a door, but consider making a large, extended underground tunnel, or preferably several tunnels, all of which can be locked down, and then walling over your initial entrance so that you can force enemies to approach your fort on your terms, and at a time and place of your choosing. If defenses in one tunnel don't work, lock it down, and leave a different one open, so that they have to run back through your killzone to try approaching a different one.

===Lockdown===
Have a way to lock down your fortress. In the event of an attack by hostiles you can't handle, you need a way to lock them out. This can buy you some time while your dwarves prepare their defenses.

For small forts, this could be as simple as placing [[door]]s at all the entrances to your fort. Doors can be locked instantly in an emergency. Don't rely on doors alone for security, though, as you'll eventually encounter enemies that can [[Building destroyer|break down doors]] and [[Thief|pick locks]].

Doors are important even within your fortress. [[Tantrum]]ing dwarves are the bane of every established fort. Having a way to segregate your dwarves so that they don't run into a dwarf on a rampage can save whole forts, much less individual lives. Doors can also stop flooding, and act as bulkheads that isolate breaches if you accidentally flood your fort. Having secondary hallways to route around problem areas is also a sound strategy for making doubly sure your fortress can survive a breach of defenses. If everything in your fort must travel through a single hallway or central staircase, anything that reaches that point can almost be guaranteed to kill your fort.

[[File:DFwikiBridgeAndLever.png|thumb|right|A bridge, and a lever connected to it]]

For more security, place [[Bridge|drawbridges]] at all the entrances. You don't need a moat; the bridge itself is sufficient since it functions as a wall when raised. Just be sure to connect it to a [[lever]] that your dwarves can access quickly ''and safely'' in an emergency. Unfortunately, even drawbridges can be rendered inoperable in rare circumstances....

To have a dwarf ready to pull a lever in case of an ambush it's best to place them near the meeting hall. You can also make dedicated leverdwarves by turning off all their labors and assigning the levers to them. [[Vampires]] and [[necromancer]]s are very good for this job, as they do not require sleep, however their [[mood]] may be a problem because they will not drink anything. To avoid this, make sure you have a tavern keeper to give them alcohol.

Finally, don't forget about attackers from above and below!
Flying attackers might use skylights to bypass your doors and drawbridges. [[Farming|Farms]], even "aboveground" farms, can be placed underground with exploits, but some of the best [[tree]]s grow aboveground. Use drawbridges on even the walled-in exits to the surface in case of [[giant kea]]s or [[roc]]s.

Swimming beasts might crawl up through your [[well]]. It is best to use water from sources that are completely walled off from the outside world, like a [[reservoir]] fed by an [[aquifer]]. You can also use a [[screw pump]] pulling through a floor [[grate]] to prevent hostiles (and [[building destroyer]]s) from swimming into your fortress. (The same holds doubly true for magma cisterns.)

Creating multiple entrances that can be locked down can force an invasion to stop in its tracks, reverse course, and march all the way around the map to get access to your fort. Repeatedly yanking the drawbridge up, forcing them to go back to a different entrance, and letting that drawbridge back down while pulling up the one the assault was going for then can keep an invasion in limbo for a very long time, giving sleeping or drinking milita dwarves a chance to get their act together, or to let a repeater spike [[trap]] murder everything on the 12th pass.

===Scouts===
Ambushes and thieves can sneak up on your fortress. A party of goblin archers might sneak past your main gate before being spotted, or a kobold could make off with your masterpiece crafts when nobody is looking. The way to avoid these unfortunate events is to use scouts / lookouts.

For small forts, effective scouting could be as simple as [[Restraint|tying]] a [[Dog|war dog]] (or even a donkey) up near the entrance of your fort. In the event of an ambush the animal will spot the attackers (shortly before dying). If your scouts are far enough from your main gate then you ought to have enough warning to lock down the fort, activate the militia, etc.

For more established forts, placing any sort of non-eating domestic animal in a 1-tile pasture on top of a grate that allows it to look downwards, or behind windows from a single z-level above the hallways protects your stalwart watch-geese so that you don't have to keep sending out more replacement dogs. Save the good war animals for a "Doberman Bomb" (cage linked to a release lever) that unleashes dozens of animals on invaders at once, rather than letting the invaders murder your dogs one at a time.

===Caravan security===
Is your trade depot going to be inside or outside your main line of defenses? This is another factor to consider when designing your fort. Although you don't have to protect the traders, their [[civilization]]s might hold your fortress responsible for any casualties.

Consider that merchants may go [[insane]] if kept in place, or if they get affected with a [[syndrome]], so it is possibly best to have a means of segregating the rest of your fort from the trade depot, like a drawbridge-wall. At the same time, you need to load goods into and out of the depot quickly, so it should be near major stockpiles and where your haulers usually spend their time.

A [[caravan]] needs a 3-tile-wide entrance (preferably a [[road]] where you aren't placing traps to prevent a [[tree]] from growing in the path) so they tend to complicate defenses. Consider using a retractable drawbridge to allow/disallow certain entrance and exit routes from your fort. An "elevated highway" exit from your fortress that is only accessible after throwing a switch leaves an exit that allows merchants to leave in safety if a siege happens while they are trading, but entrance paths need to be kept clear, regardless. [[Siege]]s and [[ambush]]es only start from map edges that can path to your dining hall, while a caravan starts from areas that path to a valid trade depot. If you use drawbridges to cut off access to your fort from the trade depot until after the caravan passes (and you raise) a drawbridge that cuts off outsider access to the trade depot, and you then let down a drawbridge to an elevated walkway that normally grants access to nothing, you can generally ensure no [[ambush]] will follow your trading partners in. (Although the degree of engineering may force you to wait several years...)

===Traps===
[[File:DFwikiCorridorWithTraps.png|thumb|right|A serrated disc trap]]
[[Trap]]s are a great way to protect your fort from small groups of attackers. When designing your fort, think about where you want to place traps. Choke points at major entrances (including entrances to the [[caverns]]) make good trap locations. However, be warned that some enemies are immune to traps....

Spikes/spear traps set to levers you order dwarves to repeatedly pull or attach to a repeater are capable of hurting creatures that can avoid traps, but require great stretches of killzone to operate effectively.

Deliberately-induced [[Cave-in|cave-ins]], such as by linking a [[support|pillar]] to a lever, and dropping an otherwise unsupported wall, creates deadly dust that can knock even trap-immune creatures unconscious, which renders them vulnerable to ordinary traps. Cage a titanic beast, and put it in your zoo for the kids to marvel at!

Advanced dwarven techniques include methods of flooding and draining killzones with dangerous fluids like [[water]] or [[magma]], or both to [[obsidian]]-cast the problem, which is guaranteed to kill any physical threat in existence. Other methods include controlled fires (often caused by controlled magma release). These, however, are potentially very [[Fun]] tools, so be sure you understand what you are dealing with before you set yourself to it. (Or just make it a learning experience when you mess up an early fort. Hey, Fun IS fun, after all!)

===Staging area===
Many players like to design their forts with a militia staging area at the main entrance. Usually this includes placing [[fortification]]s (possibly in archer towers), ammunition stockpiles, and cover for your melee dwarves to protect them from approaching archers.

If you want to rely on marksdwarves, consider fortress entrance designs that favor their method of attack. Make the only entrance a snaking series of bridges that force invaders to zig-zag in front of your marksdwarves. If that doesn't provide enough time to kill them all, stack several floors of snaking bridges, and let your marksdwarves simply climb a couple stairs to get to the next killzone between rounds. If you rely heavily on marksdwarves, remember that sieges can also contain elite archers that fire through fortifications. Prepare a 1-tile-wide drawbridge "shutter" that can block sight in front of the fortifications to protect vulnerable marksdwarves or allow for recovery of the wounded if you want to try out-shooting an elite archer.

Some players also like to place a [[Barracks|training barracks]] near the entrance to the fort so that the militia can quickly respond to attackers. Putting it outside is even better as it also prevents cave adaption on your soldiers which can give you an edge in a siege, as more serious cases of cave adaptation severely cut the speed of the affected dwarf. If you don't let your military dwarves outside that often, let them fight in the shade; Make your staging area underground, and just wait for the siege to roll into your staging area, instead.

Staging areas can also come with some extra help - a cage filled with every random potentially dangerous creature you don't need pastured can, when released, provide a massive (and potentially hilarious) distraction. Even a barrage of 40 kittens can bog down invaders enough that a lone swordsdwarf can fight enemies one-by-one.

==Efficiency==

Although many actions in the game take time, and skill levels significantly reduce the time the actual crafting of items or resource gathering takes, by and large, the OVERWHELMING majority of wasted productivity comes from dwarves having to march great distances to reach a raw material for their crafting needs. Even worse, if they get thirsty while hunting down that stray boulder at the bottom floor of the mines, they'll go all the way back up for their drink, and have to take the trek back down again, later. As such, efficiency is all about shortening the trips your craftsdwarves must take as much as possible.

Proper placement of [[stockpile]]s is key. Almost every workshop job needs raw materials. Is your [[still]] near some empty barrels and plants? Does your mason have easy access to stone? A smelter must have quick access to both ore and fuel.

As a general rule of thumb, each workshop should have at least a 3x3 stockpile area associated with it. Some workshops will need more if multiple raw ingredients are needed. [[Workshop design]] is a science in of itself but one efficient arrangement is to place output stockpiles directly above or below your workshops and connect them with stairs. Another common design is to carve out a 5x5 room and place the 3x3 workshop in the center, leaving 16 surrounding tiles for input storage.

When utilizing a large storage stockpile, for food or wood for example, the optimal approach is to place a small stockpile next to the workshop and have the small stockpile [[Stockpile#Take_from_a_stockpile/workshop|take]] from the large stockpile.

There are a few other things to consider for basic fortress efficiency:
* Major hallways should be at least two tiles wide, preferably three tiles. Otherwise your dwarves will be constantly running into each other causing productivity and possible [[Maximizing_framerate#Fortress_Design|framerate]] to be slowed.
* To reduce the amount of time that your dwarves spend walking, common areas should be placed near the center of your fort. Dwarves drink frequently. It's a good idea to store your booze in a centralized location, and to designate a [[meeting hall]] in a similarly centralized place.
* An efficient fortress must make good use of all three dimensions. A dwarf climbs or descends one [[z-level]] in the same time it takes to move one step horizontally. For example, when you need to build more bedrooms it can be a lot more efficient to dig down one level than to place the new rooms 20 tiles farther from the center of your fortress.
* Moving one step diagonally takes about 1.4 times as long as moving one step orthogonally. This matches the real world, where Pythagoras tells us that it should take √2 (about 1.414) times as long. You can optimize floor plans for [[pathfinding]] by adopting more circular shapes into your design.
* Similarly, since vertical Z-movement is cheap, the more spherical your fortress is in shape, the less walking there is, overall. Placing workshops side-by-side on a single floor means each additional workshop requires a dwarf move at least 3 more tiles (and if there is a wall or space, 4 or 5 tiles) to reach their destination, and they will be frequently running back and forth between stockpile and workshop. Vertical stacking means a dwarf only moves 1 tile.
* With [[burrow]]s, it is possible to keep some dwarves working in a specific area, so that they never try to take a task half-way across the map, or haul items a long distance through high-volume corridors. For example, you might keep your furnace operators and your weaponsmiths hard at work in their smelters and forges by designating a burrow for them. Make sure you understand burrows before attempting this - if there is no source of food or drink in the burrows a dwarf is restricted to, you may run into some [[tantrum|problems]]. (This means possibly making additional dining rooms just for these dwarves.) Also make sure the dwarves' quarters (or at least a dormitory) are inside the burrow.
* A more advanced technique is to segregate your fortress by raw material, and have separate "wings" or "nodes" of the fortress for different types of material. All woodworking workshops, for example, are connected to a vertical shaft dug down from a stockpile near the front gate that takes in lumber from outside, where craftsdwarves only need to travel 3 tiles horizontally to the stairs, 1-4 z-levels up the stairs, and a tile to the side to reach their lumber supply. Since most industry takes only one general type of raw material (wood, stone, metal/ore, gem, food, cloth,) you can easily segregate by raw material. Put "finished product" stockpiles on a separate floor, as well.
* Place your residential sectors (housing, food, and drink) as close to the workplace as possible. Dwarves waste most of their non-working time just walking to the drink supply. Make that as short as possible. Don't be afraid to make secondary alcohol stockpiles, and you can actually put residences for craftsdwarves right under the stack of workshops. Legendary dining halls are tougher to make in droves, but not so tough you can't do it with an established fort.
* [[Block]]s can substitute for raw rock for construction purposes, but are much lighter. If you are digging in a depth of 100z and need many rocks for building structures at the surface, you should set up a rock storage and a mason´s workshop at 100z to permanently make blocks, and use the blocks for the construction. This is a full-time job for one mason, but the speed of the construction dwarves is increased a lot.

==Aesthetics==
[[File:DFwikiSymmetry.png|thumb|220px|two symmetrical rooms]]
Aesthetics are completely subjective, of course, but it's still something you may want to consider when designing your fort.
* Symmetry is often the ''easiest'' path to visual appeal, but it may be hard to balance with function. Asymmetry can look great but requires more skill to look graceful.
* Conform to either mostly organic shapes or mostly inorganic shapes. A mixture ''probably'' won't look very good.
* Try digging passages out of [[stone]] rather than [[soil]]. Although digging in stone is slower and messier, stone can eventually be smoothed and engraved, and yields a usable material. Soil, on the other hand, is ugly and much less dwarfy (although being excessive and paving stone over everything is arguably ''more'' dwarfy).
* Use stockpile settings to consistently build your furniture and blocks from a single type of material. Bedrooms tend to look nicer when the furniture is uniform.
* Alternatively, if you like lots of [[color]] and [[Style_project|variety]], you can use the stockpile and workshop settings to make sure your dwarves use lots of different materials.
* [[Ramp]]s are generally more aesthetically pleasing than the extremely narrow switchback [[stairs]], but carry a much larger cost in efficiency and ease of construction.

== Further Reading ==
For an in-depth examination of topics relating to fortress layout, these pages focus on specific aspects, mostly with an eye to improving survivability. Some of these are not directly related to architecture but are useful nonetheless.
* [[Defense guide]]
* [[Security design]]
* [[Trap design]]
* [[Military design]]
* [[Stockpile design]]
* [[Workshop design]]
* [[Bedroom design]]
* [[Megaproject]]
* [[Stupid dwarf trick]]
* [[Style project]]

{{Category|Design}}
{{Category|Guides}}
[[ru:Design strategies]]

Dwarf Fortress Wiki:Page request/List

2023-01-13T18:26:34Z

Thurlin05: New page request

{{page request header|List of page requests}}
:''This is a '''list''' of page requests. See [[DF:PR|this page]] for assistance with requesting a new page.''
== Recently created pages ==
{{Special:RecentChangesLinked/Template:Newpage|showlinkedto=1}}
----
{{page request footer}}

== Article requests ==


*Request: [[Unusual volcanic wall]] - Right now there's a small section for this new (added in v50) structure/formation under the page for [[obsidian]] but I think it's notable/complex enough for its own page [[User:KM942|KM942]] ([[User talk:KM942|talk]]) 03:50, 7 January 2023 (UTC)

* Request: I would like to upload a few pictures (that I made and edited for clarity) to demonstrate a modular [[Minecart]] thumper design. [[User:2Bob|2Bob]] ([[User talk:2Bob|talk]]) 15:23, 2 January 2023 (UTC)2Bob

*Request: I would like to create [[The Long Night]] and several associated articles [[The Long Night: Civilizations]], [[The Long Night: Creatures]], [[The Long Night: Materials]], [[The Long Night: Weapons]], and [[The Long Night: Armor]] to form a more easily navigated guide to the new features found in the mod of the same name. [[Special:Contributions/98.212.135.225|98.212.135.225]] 23:51, 1 September 2020 (UTC)
** Since this is a mod, it should go under the mod namespace. I've created [[Mod:The Long Night]]; as it expands, I would suggest creating subpages like [[Mod:The Long Night/Creatures]]. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 01:25, 2 September 2020 (UTC)

* request: [[DF2014:Altar]] [[Special:Contributions/35.191.8.17|35.191.8.17]] 00:11, 17 February 2020 (UTC)
** Done. DF also refers to these as "offering place"s in the {{k|b}} menu, but I didn't see existing pages where either of these were mentioned from a quick search. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 00:03, 30 June 2020 (UTC)

* Request: I would like to create [[DF2014:Messenger]] specifically with the information that they are assigned on the locations screen [[User:Keupo|Keupo]] ([[User talk:Keupo|talk]]) 06:56, 27 June 2018 (UTC)
** You already have permission to do this since you've made 3 edits now. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 17:31, 27 June 2018 (UTC)

* Request: I would like to create [[Civilization/World_Info_menu]] [[User:Azeroth2b|Azeroth2b]] ([[User talk:Azeroth2b|talk]]) 18:33, 13 December 2017 (UTC)

* Request: I would like to create [[DF2014:Kisat Dur]] [[Special:Contributions/174.27.44.232|174.27.44.232]] 00:14, 31 July 2016 (UTC)
** Done. [http://www.bay12forums.com/smf/index.php?topic=148015.0 Forum thread] for reference. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 02:09, 1 August 2016 (UTC)

* Request: [[DF2014:Reaction examples]] Simply copy the old page from v0.31 for more resources. Many old pages on modding haven't been pushed through versions even when they are still accurate. [[Special:Contributions/2606:A000:FD44:7A00:B58A:AB43:BD25:B51C|2606:A000:FD44:7A00:B58A:AB43:BD25:B51C]] 22:23, 28 March 2016 (UTC)Ryga_
** Done.--[[User:Loci|Loci]] ([[User talk:Loci|talk]]) 19:47, 1 August 2016 (UTC)

* Request: I would like to create [[DF2014:Philosopher]] and [[DF2014:Sage]] because these are new scholar jobs in 42.xx [[User:Lead Cafe|Lead Cafe]] ([[User talk:Lead Cafe|talk]]) 22:33, 28 January 2016 (UTC)
** Both are profession titles associated with scholars; I created them as redirects to [[DF2014:Scholar]].--[[User:Loci|Loci]] ([[User talk:Loci|talk]]) 04:08, 29 January 2016 (UTC)

*[[DF2014:Citizenship]] — here's one article on a new mechanic not currently covered by the wiki, we most definitely need to work on this. — [[Special:Contributions/94.19.200.59|94.19.200.59]] 20:39, 8 December 2015 (UTC)
**Done. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 22:17, 4 January 2016 (UTC)

*[[Masterwork:Titanite]]: I can't find any information about Masterwork's Titanite, either from the wiki or Google. After mining some, I can only cut it like gems. Also need a to-do for this: build a crucible to determine if [[Masterwork:Titanium]] can be extracted from titanite. 1 Jan 2016
**Done. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 22:17, 4 January 2016 (UTC)

*[[DF2014:Giant firefly]]: Just found one in my latest save of 0.42.05, realized a page didn't exist. [[User:ArcaneMusic|ArcaneMusic]] ([[User talk:ArcaneMusic|talk]]) 22:07, 19 January 2016 (UTC)
** I just added a list of all the new creatures (probably contains some errors) on the talk pages of the [[graphic set]] and [[creature]] pages. Most of those probably need to be added as new pages too. In addition the page [[Back_bear_man]] should be deleted (mistyped b-L-ack bear man). In the future, it would be nice to have a script that simply goes through the creature raws and suggests new pages to be created for missing creature entries. [[User:CLA|CLA]] ([[User talk:CLA|talk]]) 15:12, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
***The admins have bots that can create the pages automatically. Part of the hold-up is that the wiki's raws haven't been updated, so new creature pages aren't able to "autofill" with the appropriate details from the raws (and we prefer not to enter all that information manually).--[[User:Loci|Loci]] ([[User talk:Loci|talk]]) 20:38, 20 January 2016 (UTC)

*[[Masterwork:Drake]] The article is blank. Since these are a domestic animal that players can grab on embark, there should be some information about them for people new to the mod. [[User:Apollo Densin|Apollo Densin]] ([[User talk:Apollo Densin|talk]]) 02:00, 11 March 2019 (UTC)
** Done.--[[User:Loci|Loci]] ([[User talk:Loci|talk]]) 23:50, 13 March 2019 (UTC)

*Version 0.47.1 added [[DF2014:Fort]], [[DF2014:Constructed creatures]], and perhaps [[DF2014:Intelligent undead]]. It also allows to [[DF2014:Mount]] creatures. A lot of other new features deserve their pages. Perhaps we should create a DF2020 version of pages.

== Talk page requests ==

Requesting new talk page for https://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php/Dwarf_Fortress_Wiki:Centralized_Discussion/page_describing_47_v50_differences [[User:Evilishies|Evilishies]]

I would like a page describing the differences between the 2014 (v0.47) and Steam (v0.50) versions. As a new player, a page outlining these differences would be massively helpful and allow me to read existing documentation and forums more easily, as well as make updates to the v0.50 pages.

Requesting new talk page for https://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php/Template_talk:DF2014_labors please & thank you [[User:Blitz4|Blitz4]] ([[User talk:Blitz4|talk]]) 02:23, 5 July 2022 (UTC)

I would like a talk page for [[DF2014:Bauxite]] and [[DF2014:Aluminum]]. [[User:Magic9mushroom|Magic9mushroom]] ([[User talk:Magic9mushroom|talk]]) 04:24, 17 August 2019 (UTC)
:Done. -- [[User:Loci|Loci]] ([[User talk:Loci|talk]]) 18:58, 18 August 2019 (UTC)

Request: Talk page for [[DF2012:Repeater]] [[Special:Contributions/68.6.123.36|68.6.123.36]] 03:38, 25 March 2014 (UTC)
:Done. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 03:44, 25 March 2014 (UTC)

Masterwork_Talk:Guildhall [[Special:Contributions/68.46.84.117|68.46.84.117]] 14:02, 20 October 2013 (UTC)
:Done. --[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 15:01, 20 October 2013 (UTC)

Hello, would you be able to create a Talk page with the following question for me?:

"Do children born during fortress mode (or worldgen if you can find out) adopt the dieties of their friends/parents, or are they assigned a random diety? Is this with immediate effect from birth?

Thanks.

Josh"

Thank you! :)

Hello, I'd like to open another talk/discussion page for "Size" (http://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php/DF2012:Size) with the following question:

Are there any combat benefits to SMALL dwarves?

On one of the pages for an older version of DF it notes that large creatures like elephants have a hard time landing a hit on small creatures like cavies. Would this alleged bonus to-dodge and/or penalty to-hit modifier translate in any meaningul way for smaller dwarves?
:[[DF2012 talk:Size|Done]]. --[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 19:05, 1 January 2014 (UTC)

I'd like to open a talk page for [[DF2012_Talk:Relationships]] with the following note (two paragraphs):

The royalty section is inaccurate. I have a second-generation native-born dwarf in one of my fortresses who has a plentitude of aunts and uncles and listed maternal and paternal grandparents. I'm not sure why having those relationships is only noticed for royalty, but I think it's partially because shorter worlds mean smaller lineages and partially because most forts don't last long enough to see native-born children grow up, get married, and have children of their own. I really don't think there's any reason why extended family would be limited to royalty in any case.

Anyway, I added parents to the Types section, and also grandparents because I hadn't noticed the Royalty section. I'd add Aunts/Uncles but I'm not sure where they fall in on the list, and baby Sarvesh doesn't have any cousins yet.

Thank you! --[[User:Lielac|Lielac]] ([[User talk:Lielac|talk]]) 02:41, 24 January 2014 (UTC)
:Done. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 03:37, 24 January 2014 (UTC)

Hello, I feel that [[DF2012:World_generation]] should cover what goes into history simulation, as it is obviously different to simulation in fortress mode.
However, this is not a matter I am educated on. I would put this request on the page, but I cannot yet create a talk page.
:Done. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 19:05, 22 April 2014 (UTC)

* https://dwarffortresswiki.org/index.php/Template_talk:DF2014_labors
[[User:Blitz4|Blitz4]] ([[User talk:Blitz4|talk]]) 02:23, 5 July 2022 (UTC)

Edits made by 76.116.204.8 were made by me while I was away from school/university on summer/winter vacation at my dad's. I wanted to make a note on [[User talk:76.116.204.8]] claiming attribution for the edits. Additionally, I would like to request the creation of [[Talk:Gem]] so that we can discuss a current bug where the new "cut gem" job never creates a large gem or gem craft (as of 0.50.03). – [[template:unsigned|unsigned]] comment by [[User:ArmokGoB|ArmokGoB]]

:You appear to have the ability to create pages now. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 04:31, 23 December 2022 (UTC)

== User page requests ==

{{upr|[[User:Allcrops|Allcrops]] ([[User talk:Allcrops|talk]])}}
{{upr|[[User:Blitz4|Blitz4]] ([[User talk:Blitz4|talk]])}}
{{upr|[[User:uberflut|uberflut]] ([[User talk:uberflut|talk]])}}
{{upr|[[User:DeathByBlue|DeathByBlue]] ([[User talk:DeathByBlue|talk]]) 02:31, 28 March 2020 (UTC)}}
{{upr|[[User:Lead Cafe|Lead Cafe]] ([[User talk:Lead Cafe|talk]])}}
{{upr|[[User:BillyJack|BillyJack]] ([[User talk:BillyJack|talk]])}}
{{upr|[[User:BillyJack|Sandbox]] ([[User talk:BillyJack|talk]])}}
{{upr|[[User:Theit8514|Theit8514]] ([[User talk:Theit8514|talk]])}}
:Created. --[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 23:37, 30 June 2013 (UTC)
{{upr|[[User:Mixtrak|Mixtrak]] ([[User talk:Mixtrak|talk]])}}
{{upr|[[User:Green Sprite|Green Sprite]] ([[User talk:Green Sprite|talk]])}}

== Redirect requests ==

*[[Hot tub]] should redirect to [[Magma Sea]]—not very common slang, but I've heard it consistently. [[Special:Contributions/68.56.148.200|68.56.148.200]] 06:57, 1 January 2022 (UTC)
**Do you have an example? I've never heard this. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 20:14, 1 January 2022 (UTC)
*[[DF2014:Fun]] to [[DF2014:Losing]]
[[dfhack]], [[DFHack]] and [[DF2012:DFHack]] to [[Utility:DFHack]]. --[[User:Lurker|Lurker]] ([[User talk:Lurker|talk]]) 14:07, 7 August 2013 (UTC)
:Done. --[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 17:48, 7 August 2013 (UTC)
* Page "Taming" should redirect to "DF2012:Tame" [[User:Latias1290|Latias1290]] ([[User talk:Latias1290|talk]]) 18:02, 27 August 2013 (UTC)
**[[DF2012:Tame]] is a redirect to [[DF2012:Animal trainer]]. Created [[Taming]] and [[DF2012:Taming]] as redirects. --[[User:Loci|Loci]] ([[User talk:Loci|talk]]) 19:33, 27 August 2013 (UTC)
* Page "Gcs" should redirect to [[DF2014:Giant_cave_spider]]. [[Special:Contributions/199.60.104.18|199.60.104.18]] 19:00, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
:Done. Just do it yourself next time. Just create the page and add "#REDIRECT" followed by a space and the link to the page.[[User:CLA|CLA]] ([[User talk:CLA|talk]]) 22:19, 1 September 2015 (UTC)
::The reason this page exists is because anonymous users can't create pages. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 12:09, 4 September 2015 (UTC)
:::Oh, that makes sense. Should have figured that out on my own.
* [[DF2014:Combat log]] could redirect to [[DF2014:Reports]], I think it's the phrase new players will search for. [[User:Okdewit|Okdewit]] ([[User talk:Okdewit|talk]]) 18:58, 30 January 2016 (UTC)
**Done. [[User:Jwoodward48|Jwoodward48]] ([[User talk:Jwoodward48|talk]]) 00:05, 2 March 2016 (UTC)
* create redirect page "World Activation" and redirect to World_activities [[User:Untrustedlife|Untrustedlife]] ([[User talk:Untrustedlife|talk]]) 00:13, 26 July 2016 (UTC)
-- Got it done [[User:Untrustedlife|Untrustedlife]] ([[User talk:Untrustedlife|talk]]) 00:16, 26 July 2016 (UTC)
* Page [[DF2014:Guineahen]] and [[DF2014:Keet]] could redirect to [[DF2014:Guineafowl]] the same way [[DF2014:Guineacock]] does currently. [[Special:Contributions/2A01:C50E:D66A:5500:0:0:0:10|2A01:C50E:D66A:5500:0:0:0:10]] 17:43, 29 November 2017 (UTC)
* Create redirect page for "Retire", "Unretiring", and "Retiring" and redirect to "Reclaim Fortress Mode" [[User:Benderdragon|Benderdragon]] ([[User talk:Benderdragon|talk]]) 16:21, 29 June 2020 (UTC)
** Created [[Retire]]; [[Unretire]] already existed, and I'm hesitant to create redirects for the gerund forms - we don't have guidelines that specifically discourage them, but {{Rule|N}} and {{Rule|E}} are similar, and partial searches for "retir" or "unretir" should bring up the relevant pages in the search box anyway. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 00:12, 30 June 2020 (UTC)
*redirect "ringleader" and potentially several other possible titles for crime bosses to [[DF2014:Boss]][[User:Rugnir|Rugnir]] ([[User talk:Rugnir|talk]]) 21:47, 13 August 2021 (UTC)

== Other requests ==


* Could there please be a smaller version of the "D for Dwarf" template, maybe one that leaves the text ''joke'' near a sentence, so that we don't have a big-ass banner for little one-off jokes in articles and reserve the "D for Dwarf" template for entire sections or articles? [[Special:Contributions/68.56.148.200|68.56.148.200]] 23:15, 6 December 2021 (UTC)

* Can someone include a discussion about how dwarfs choose which jobs/tasks to do if they have enabled multiple labors and there are jobs in multiple labors on the DF2012:Labor page? Is it based on which job is created first? Their skills / traits / attributes? Which labor they are highest ranked or their titled profession? This seems to be an issue in the LPs I've been watching early on when there are only the 7 starting dwarves, sometimes extending into the first migration. I know a solution is to deactivate other labors, or use burrows, but I'm still curious how it works. Thank you, [[Special:Contributions/108.243.77.185|108.243.77.185]] 03:08, 17 August 2013 (UTC)

* Hello. I wanted to know how to make the tiles uniform for the ground. I'm sure to have read somewhere once that it was possible to change the tiles to be all "." (I am currently searching for a Goblin Snatcher for a while now ^^). I searched for "ground" what has yielded me a link to above ground page. There was no link there. Could make one to the relevant article or indicate the settings to do please? [[Special:Contributions/31.164.176.33|31.164.176.33]] 20:04, 23 September 2013 (UTC)
** Done: [[Ground]]. --[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 21:57, 23 September 2013 (UTC)

* Hi, im new and just want to start translation of the wiki into german. im really into this game and i guess i still could learn a shitload of new stuff by doing this. AND there would maybe be more players around if and when i/we translate. not every german is fluent in english. -f4nt4sy [[User:F4nt4sy|F4nt4sy]] ([[User talk:F4nt4sy|talk]]) 15:01, 1 March 2014 (UTC)
:See [[DF:Centralized Discussion/Translating the wiki|here]]. It's been suggested before, but it's been hard to set something up on this wiki. —[[User:Lethosor|Lethosor]] ([[User talk:Lethosor|talk]]) 03:22, 2 March 2014 (UTC)

* I'd like to create a page under the centralized discussion for a proposal of subnamespaces for stuff like creatures, skills, etc. under a specific version. Stuff like DF2014:Rat becoming DF2014:Creatures:Rat. I'm not sure if the software allows this, but I thought I'd say it anyway.

* I'd like to add an image of the 'animated bedroom design' section I added to bedroom design. I uploaded a short screen cast here [https://imgur.com/XIGR8Ce], but to get it to below the 2 MB limit I also converted it to a GIF here [https://imgur.com/x86h2u4]. I feel like just adding an imgur link has to be frowned upon so I didn't want to just link to it in the article. [[User:Austin|Austin]] ([[User talk:Austin|talk]]) 05:43, 3 January 2023 (UTC)

*I'd like to add 2 pictures to the water reactor page (lower level and main level), showing how to build this in the Steam DF version. Since its the first edits, I can't get it to upload without request. [[User:Thurlin05|Thurlin05]] ([[User talk:Thurlin05|talk]]) 18:26, 13 January 2023 (UTC) Thurlin05