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Editing 40d:Screw pump
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{{Machine_component|name=Screw pump|key=s|job=[[Pump operator]] | {{Machine_component|name=Screw pump|key=s|job=[[Pump operator]] | ||
|construction= | |construction= | ||
+ | * [[Enormous corkscrew]] | ||
+ | * [[Pipe]] | ||
* [[Block]] | * [[Block]] | ||
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|construction_job= | |construction_job= | ||
* [[Architecture]] | * [[Architecture]] | ||
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** [[Carpentry]] | ** [[Carpentry]] | ||
** [[Masonry]] | ** [[Masonry]] | ||
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|power=Needs 10 power. | |power=Needs 10 power. | ||
− | }} | + | }} |
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− | + | A '''screw pump''' a small [[building]] that can lift liquids ([[water]] or [[magma]]) from below onto the same [[Z-level]] as the pump. It is two tiles by one tile in size, and it can be either manually operated by a [[dwarf]] with the [[pump operator]] job or by using [[gear assembly|gear assemblies]] connected to [[water wheel]]s and/or [[windmill]]s. | |
− | + | The direction you want the fluid to travel must be chosen at the time of construction. Pumping only occurs in a straight line, and involves a total of 4 tiles in a row - the liquid source, two for the pump, and the output. The "rise" in levels occurs on the 1st tile, the intake side, from 1 level below up to the level of the pump*. Pumped fluids can and will flow immediately after being pumped, as normal for that fluid. Pumped fluids will have a [[pressure]] equal to the exit [[z-level]] - a pump never "forces" water to a higher [[z-level]] than the output tile. | |
− | + | :''(* A DF pump can best be imagined as a simple [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes%27_screw| archimedes screw]].)'' | |
− | + | Salt water pumped through a pump will become drinkable if then kept separate from other salt water. | |
== Construction == | == Construction == | ||
− | Building a screw pump requires an [[enormous corkscrew]], a [[block]], and a [[pipe]] section. The construction itself is completed in two stages | + | Building a screw pump requires an [[enormous corkscrew]], a [[block]], and a [[pipe]] section. The construction itself is completed in two stages, first by a dwarf with the [[architect]] labor designated, and then completed by a dwarf (the same or a different one) with the [[masonry]] labor designated. |
− | It's important to choose the proper orientation for your pump, where it will draw water from and where it will deliver the water. This is determined before placement with the {{k|u}}, {{k|k}}, {{k|m}}, or {{k|h}} keys, and the text at the top of the sub-menu will change to confirm your choice. The default (as shown above in the sidebar), "pumps from the north" (top). The ''light'' green X must be next to the liquid source and the ''dark'' green X is where the liquid exits the pump. | + | It's important to choose the proper orientation for your pump, where it will draw water from and where it will deliver the water. This is determined before placement with the {{k|u}}, {{k|k}}, {{k|m}}, or {{k|h}} keys, and the text at the top of the sub-menu will change to confirm your choice. The default (as shown above in the sidebar), "pumps from the north" (top). The ''light'' green X must be next to the liquid source and the ''dark'' green X is where the liquid exits the pump. |
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:{|style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%; border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd" | :{|style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; font-size: 135%; border: 1px solid #0b0; background: #dfd" | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="color: #0f0; padding: 0"|X||style="color: #070; padding: 0"|X | |style="color: #0f0; padding: 0"|X||style="color: #070; padding: 0"|X | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | This example "pumps from the west" (left) to the east (right), the {{k|h}} option | + | This example "pumps from the west" (left) to the east (right), the {{k|h}} option. |
The orientation is visible after placement only by using {{k|q}}uery over or near that pump. Orientation of a pump cannot be changed after being constructed, but, as with any building, it can be deconstructed into its component parts and rebuilt as and where desired. | The orientation is visible after placement only by using {{k|q}}uery over or near that pump. Orientation of a pump cannot be changed after being constructed, but, as with any building, it can be deconstructed into its component parts and rebuilt as and where desired. | ||
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== Notes == | == Notes == | ||
− | * The source of the pump must be directionally adjacent to "Open Space" that is directly above a source of liquid. The adjacent space cannot be a floor, stairway or wall suspended over water. Screw pumps can | + | * The source of the pump must be directionally adjacent to "Open Space" that is directly above a source of liquid. The adjacent space cannot be a floor, stairway or wall suspended over water. Screw pumps can pump water through a grate or floor bars. |
+ | |||
+ | <pre>Side View of a Pump "above" a Fluid Source | ||
+ | |||
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+ | _____.%%~>____ ( - upper level - ) | ||
+ | ~~~~~≈ ( - lower level - ) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Key: | ||
+ | ~~~ = fluid (magma or water) | ||
+ | ≈ = fluid below intake tile | ||
+ | . = empty space, intake tile (channeled or otherwise open to the fluid below) | ||
+ | ~> = output | ||
+ | %% = pump, "pumps from the west", from left to right | ||
+ | (darker tile is to the right, not shown) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Note: Both tiles of a lone pump must be on solid ground (not shown)</pre> | ||
+ | |||
* The light pump tile is where a pump operator will stand (if the pump is not powered mechanically). Liquids to be pumped must be 1 level below the (empty) area adjacent to this tile. | * The light pump tile is where a pump operator will stand (if the pump is not powered mechanically). Liquids to be pumped must be 1 level below the (empty) area adjacent to this tile. | ||
* Dwarves must be able to access and stand on the light tile of the pump in order to build the pump and then to be able to operate the pump manually. | * Dwarves must be able to access and stand on the light tile of the pump in order to build the pump and then to be able to operate the pump manually. | ||
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* Pumps can also be used in conjunction with a [[water wheel]] or a [[windmill]] to become self-powered. | * Pumps can also be used in conjunction with a [[water wheel]] or a [[windmill]] to become self-powered. | ||
* Active mechanisms connected to the pump will automatically start the pump; to prevent this either restrict liquid flow using floodgates or hatches, or put in a [[gear assembly]] linked to a [[lever]] to disconnect the [[power]]. | * Active mechanisms connected to the pump will automatically start the pump; to prevent this either restrict liquid flow using floodgates or hatches, or put in a [[gear assembly]] linked to a [[lever]] to disconnect the [[power]]. | ||
− | * Adjacent pumps ''automatically'' transfer mechanical power to any other adjacent pump(s), no [[axle]] or [[mechanism]] is required. If too many pumps are adjacent, there may be insufficient power to | + | * Adjacent pumps ''automatically'' transfer mechanical power to any other adjacent pump(s), no [[axle]] or [[mechanism]] is required. If too many pumps are adjacent, there may be insufficient power to power them. |
* A hatch above the input tile (on the same level as the pump) that is linked to a trigger (a [[lever]] or [[pressure plate]]) makes an effective on/off switch for that pump. | * A hatch above the input tile (on the same level as the pump) that is linked to a trigger (a [[lever]] or [[pressure plate]]) makes an effective on/off switch for that pump. | ||
− | * In order to build pumps in a "hanging" state, as in the stacked screw pump example (below), one of its tiles must be able to connect to a nearby machine | + | * In order to build pumps in a "hanging" state, as in the stacked screw pump example (below), one of its tiles must be able to connect to a nearby machine; either already existing or designated to be built. |
− | * Pumps do '''not''' push liquids '''up''' additional Z-levels above them. They only deliver water to their own level. That is, if you direct the output of a screw pump into a 1-square space surrounded by walls, the water will not "overflow" the walls. Consequently, a pump will refuse to move liquid if the level it is pumping to is completely filled. Higher levels can be achieved using a "pump stack" | + | * Pumps do '''not''' push liquids '''up''' additional Z-levels above them. They only deliver water to their own level. That is, if you direct the output of a screw pump into a 1-square space surrounded by walls, the water will not "overflow" the walls. Consequently, a pump will refuse to move liquid if the level it is pumping to is completely filled. Higher levels can be achieved using a "pump stack". |
− | * In order to safely pump magma, | + | * In order to safely pump magma, you do not need to build a pump out of [[magma-safe]] materials, unless the open tile is going to be submerged in magma. |
− | + | ** Exception: Wooden parts [[wear]] out fairly quickly when used to pump magma, eventually causing the pump to break down into the non-wooden parts. This is due to the magma heating the adjacent tiles to a temperature at which wood takes heat damage.{{verify}} | |
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====Common mistakes==== | ====Common mistakes==== | ||
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* Expecting water to rise up above the same level of a pump. | * Expecting water to rise up above the same level of a pump. | ||
* Building a wall attached only to the light tile - this leaves a diagonal leak between the wall and the dark tile unless sealed there. (If that's not a problem, don't worry about it.) | * Building a wall attached only to the light tile - this leaves a diagonal leak between the wall and the dark tile unless sealed there. (If that's not a problem, don't worry about it.) | ||
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== Example layouts == | == Example layouts == | ||
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=== Pumping up multiple levels === | === Pumping up multiple levels === | ||
[[Image:pumpsnc4.png|frame|right|(See numbered comments, left)]] | [[Image:pumpsnc4.png|frame|right|(See numbered comments, left)]] | ||
− | The easiest way to do this is to stack the pumps directly on top of each other in alternating directions, also known as a '''pump stack'''. The first one pumps North to South, the one directly above it pumps South to North, the next one above that pumps North to South again, ad infinitum. | + | The easiest way to do this is to stack the pumps directly on top of each other in alternating directions, also known as a '''pump stack'''. The first one pumps North to South, the one directly above it pumps South to North, the next one above that pumps North to South again, ad infinitum. Even without walls surrounding the pumps, water still gets up with only minor leakage. |
− | Adjacent pumps automatically transmit mechanical power. If the pumps are | + | Adjacent pumps automatically transmit mechanical power. If the pumps are open to each other across z-levels, then a stack only requires (sufficient) power to one pump. All others will be powered by association with the first. You can transmit power to each pump by simply channeling out the floor at the front (aka output side). |
'''See diagram, right'' | '''See diagram, right'' | ||
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:#Top view of the entire pump stack, 4 tiles long (plus retaining walls and access, optional). | :#Top view of the entire pump stack, 4 tiles long (plus retaining walls and access, optional). | ||
:#Top view with walls in place to prevent the receiving area from spilling out. If this is all it needed, these units could be stacked on top of each other, but it's missing one thing - dwarf access. There's no stairs/ramps, and no good place to put them either that wouldn't interfere with the adjacent levels' water containment. | :#Top view with walls in place to prevent the receiving area from spilling out. If this is all it needed, these units could be stacked on top of each other, but it's missing one thing - dwarf access. There's no stairs/ramps, and no good place to put them either that wouldn't interfere with the adjacent levels' water containment. | ||
− | :#Solution for a freestanding tower - fire escape! | + | :#Solution for a freestanding tower - fire escape! Sure, you could consolidate the up and downstairs into a single up/down stair tile, but I like the zigzag and symmetrical arrangement this one presents. Just build these on top of each other, flipping horizontally each time, and bam. Minimal yet aesthetic multi-level water pumping. |
=== Running a pump with a windmill === | === Running a pump with a windmill === | ||
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# Dig one level below the [[windmill]] and put a [[gear assembly]] directly beneath the [[axle]] (at centre of windmill). The windmill will start turning. | # Dig one level below the [[windmill]] and put a [[gear assembly]] directly beneath the [[axle]] (at centre of windmill). The windmill will start turning. | ||
− | # | + | # You're probably going to want to bring your power up to the surface. To do this, dig away from the first gear until the surface is clear above. Place another gear here. |
# Connect the gears together using a horizontal axle. | # Connect the gears together using a horizontal axle. | ||
# Get a [[miner]] to [[channel]] on top of the second gear. | # Get a [[miner]] to [[channel]] on top of the second gear. | ||
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# If you thought ahead, you should only need one axle to connect the surface gear to the pump. A pump can be powered from any side. | # If you thought ahead, you should only need one axle to connect the surface gear to the pump. A pump can be powered from any side. | ||
− | + | I recommend that you connect a lever to one of your gears beforehand. The pump will start pumping as soon as it has power. | |
You can change stuff around as the situation dictates, but that should get you started. | You can change stuff around as the situation dictates, but that should get you started. | ||
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<small>The pictures aren't lined up - the far right gear in the second picture is the one below the surface gear.</small> | <small>The pictures aren't lined up - the far right gear in the second picture is the one below the surface gear.</small> | ||
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== Alternative uses == | == Alternative uses == | ||
=====Attribute gain===== | =====Attribute gain===== | ||
− | Pumps can also be built with no actual pumping in mind but as dwarven exercise machines. This is an excellent method to train haulers for better strength and agility or for future soldiers. | + | Pumps can also be built with no actual pumping in mind but as dwarven exercise machines. This is an excellent method to train haulers for better strength and agility or for future soldiers. |
=====Desalinization===== | =====Desalinization===== | ||
− | [[Image:Screwpump-desalination.png|thumb|An example of how to desalinate water. Single-tilde water is salty, double-tilde water is pure | + | [[Image:Screwpump-desalination.png|thumb|An example of how to desalinate water. Single-tilde water is salty, double-tilde water is pure.]] |
− | Screw pumps also act to desalinate any water which is pumped through them. This is very useful for providing a source of potable water in otherwise entirely salt-water regions. However, if desalinated water comes into contact with | + | Screw pumps also act to desalinate any water which is pumped through them. This is very useful for providing a source of potable water in otherwise entirely salt-water regions. However, if desalinated water comes into contact with saltwater, or passes through a saltwater [[aquifier]] level (even if it has been walled off), the water will be ''re''salinated. |
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Screw pumps can be used to "reset" [[water pressure]], preventing a surface water source from flooding a fortress through a [[well]] or fishing hole. | Screw pumps can be used to "reset" [[water pressure]], preventing a surface water source from flooding a fortress through a [[well]] or fishing hole. | ||
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== External links == | == External links == | ||
*[[User:Markavian/DFMA|DFMA]] Ingame Videos featuring screw pumps: ([http://mkv25.net/dfma/movie-pump Movies with Pump in the title]) | *[[User:Markavian/DFMA|DFMA]] Ingame Videos featuring screw pumps: ([http://mkv25.net/dfma/movie-pump Movies with Pump in the title]) | ||
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{{Water FAQ}} | {{Water FAQ}} | ||
− | + | [[Category:Machine components]] |