Editing Weather

{{Quality|Exceptional|00:18, 8 August 2014 (UTC)}}
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'''Weather''' refers to any type of weather effect in DF. It includes snow, rain, and special features in evil surroundings.

Weather can be disabled by changing [WEATHER:YES] to [WEATHER:NO] in [[d_init.txt]]. Disabling weather is a quick and largely harmless fix to improve [[FPS|framerate]] on older machines if required.


== Normal Weather ==

=== Clouds ===

''Dwarf Fortress'' has three layers of clouds: cumulus, cirrus, and stratus. When using the {{k|W}} key in adventure mode, any number of messages about the weather may appear, and corresponding symbols are shown when {{k|c}} is enabled on the fast travel mode. The types of clouds that are possible are:

* '''Clear sky (no clouds)''' — The sky is clear above you.

* {{Tile|α|7:0:1}} '''Scattered cumulus''' — There are scattered puffy clouds above you.
* {{Tile|β|7:0:0}} '''Many cumulus (causes rain)''' — There are mounds of clouds above you, smooth on the bottom with prominent upward bulges.
* {{Tile|¶|0:0:1}} '''Cumulonimbus (causes rain)''' — A dark, menacing cloud towers above you, crowned by an anvil.

* {{Tile|≡|7:0:1}} '''Cirrus''' — The sky is striped with high, thin clouds.

* {{Tile|█|7:0:1}} '''Altostratus''' — The sky above you is hazy and white.
* {{Tile|█|7:0:0}} '''Stratus (causes rain)''' — The sky above you is gray.
* {{Tile|█|0:0:1}} '''Nimbostratus (causes rain)''' — The sky above you is a uniform and dark gray.

Additionally, some unique messages occur when there are clouds in multiple layers:

* '''Scattered cumulus and cirrus''' — There are scattered clouds underneath a striped sky.
* '''Many cumulus and cirrus''' — Mounds of clouds are clustered through a striped sky.
* '''Cumulonimbus and cirrus''' — A dark, towering cloud rises into a striped sky.
* '''Altostratus and cumulonimbus''' — A towering gray cloud descends from the white sky above you.
* '''Stratus cumulonimbus''' — The sky above you is completely gray, with dark cloud pillars pressing through it.
* '''Nimbostratus and cumulonimbus''' — The sky above you is nearly black, ripped through with towering clouds.

Otherwise, stratus clouds prevent you from seeing if there are any cirrus or cumulus clouds.

=== Fog / Mist ===

Fog is another aspect of the weather, described separately from the state of clouds when using {{k|W}}. (However, thick fog prevents you from being able to tell what the clouds are like via {{k|W}}.) There are three kinds of fog that may appear:

* {{Tile|░|7:0:1}} '''Thin Mist''' — There is a thin mist here.
* {{Tile|▒|7:0:1}} '''Fog''' — Fog enshrouds the area.
* {{Tile|▓|7:0:1}} '''Thick Fog''' — There is a heavy blanket of fog enveloping everything.

The symbols shown on the fast travel map are shown regardless of whether you have {{k|c}} enabled or not. If you have cloud viewing enabled, clouds in the same position as the fog will obscure that fog. When in the midst of fog on the fast travel map, a small circle around your adventurer will blink to show the surrounding area.

=== Precipitation ===
==== Rain ====
{{DFtext|It is raining.|1:1}}

Normal rain cleans any tile it lands on, removing blood, [[vomit]] and other bodily fluids on contact. Any dwarf caught outside when it rains will receive a minor unhappy [[thought]].

When rain hits a tile labeled as a [[murky pool]], it will begin to fill it up with 1/7 [[water]], and if that does not evaporate the water will grow deeper, until the pool is full.  Murky pools do not overflow from rain, but this extra water can be drained off and stored or used. (See the [[Well guide#Using ponds/pools in areas with heavy rain|Well Guide]].) While not much, it can really help maps without 'unlimited' water supplies such as [[river]]s and [[brook]]s.

==== Snow and Cold ====
{{DFtext|Winter is here.|7:1}}

{{DFtext|A snow storm has come.|7:1}}

When water comes into contact with a [[freezing]] climate, such as winter months in a moderate [[biome]], or at any time in a [[tundra]] or [[glacier]], it will freeze into a wall of [[ice]] if at least 4/7 deep, or a floor otherwise. Freezing ice acts much like [[obsidian]], and will instantly kill anything caught inside of it -- including creatures otherwise extremely hard to kill. In moderate biomes after winter has passed, ice will melt back into ponds. Ice walls will always thaw back into a full 7 units of liquid, regardless of the original water level, but ice floors will produce the original water depth when thawed. {{cite talk/this|Freezing/thawing ice}}

Dwarves outside during a snowstorm can also freeze to death, so a very high priority when embarking on a glacier is to dig out some place warm for your idlers to rest.

[[Magma]] running under snow-covered ground will melt it, but unlike [[ice]], molten snow doesn't turn into [[water]].

==== Wind ====

Wind is based entirely on your latitude - specifically, the region tile in which your fortress is located (0-16 for POCKET, 0-32 for SMALLER, 0-64 for SMALL, 0-128 for MEDIUM, and 0-256 for LARGE).

The latitude is first scaled to LARGE size (though there's an odd bug that sets constant wind for SMALL/SMALLER/POCKET worlds). For MEDIUM worlds the latitude is multiplied by 2, for SMALL worlds it's multiplied by 4, for SMALLER it's multiplied by 8, and for POCKET it's multiplied by 16. It is then fed into the following table to generate the east/west wind strength:

Arctic (0-50):

0-15: strength -15

16-27: strength -14

28-38: strength -13

39-45: strength -12

46-50: strength -11

Temperate (51-170):

51-52: strength +11

53-54: strength +12

55-56: strength +13

57-59: strength +14

60-62: strength +15

63-65: strength +16

66-69: strength +17

70-73: strength +18

74-77: strength +19

78-82: strength +20

83-87: strength +21

88-92: strength +22

93-98: strength +23

99-104: strength +24

105-116: strength +25

117-122: strength +24

123-128: strength +23

129-133: strength +22

134-138: strength +21

139-143: strength +20

144-147: strength +19

148-151: strength +18

152-155: strength +17

156-158: strength +16

159-161: strength +15

162-164: strength +14

165-166: strength +13

167-168: strength +12

169-170: strength +11

Tropical (171-220):

171-172: strength -13

173-175: strength -14

176-178: strength -15

179-181: strength -16

182-184: strength -17

185-188: strength -18

189-192: strength -19

193-198: strength -20

199-202: strength -19

203-206: strength -18

207-209: strength -17

210-212: strength -16

213-215: strength -15

216-218: strength -14

219-220: strength -13

Equator (221-256):

221-256: strength 0

In addition, certain regions of the world (if any) can have up to two gusty winds which occur daily - for a brief period of time each morning (3:00am to 7:00am for the first one, 6:00am to 9:00am for the second one), wind strength may be adjusted by +/- 10 on each axis (north/south and east/west), and in the evening (3:00pm to 6:00pm for both) it will be briefly adjusted in the opposite direction.

The combined wind strength (just abs(wind_x) + abs(wind_y)) determines the amount of power the windmill generates: 1-14 wind generates 20 power, 15-29 wind generates 40 power, and 30+ wind generates 60 power (though only for a few seconds, and the opposing gust will likely knock it down to 20 power for a brief moment). If you are in an area with weak wind, a gust of wind can potentially cause the windmill to reorient itself, causing some of the extra power to be lost.

Wind affects the message you get when checking for the weather as an [[Adventure mode|adventurer]] as well as the amount of [[power]] that goes through [[windmill]]s.

== Evil weather ==
Certain [[surroundings|evil surroundings]] feature freakish weather, such as fogs, clouds, and rains.  They may afflict those caught in them with various kinds of [[syndrome]]s or curses, such as poisonings or transformation into [[Undead|zombies]]. Names for evil weather are randomly generated, typically something along the lines of "abominable mist", "unholy gloom" (clouds) or "creeping murk", "horrid goo" (rain).

Two kinds of evil weather exist - evil rain, and evil clouds.  The type of weather effect and their associated syndromes (if any) are different and randomly chosen for every evil biome in a generated world.  There will be at most one weather effect for a given evil biome, sometimes in conjunction with the effect of [[Undead|corpse animation]].

=== Evil clouds ===
[[File:Creeping_cloud.png|thumb|150px|A drifting evil cloud.]]
{{DFtext|A cloud of haunting fog has drifted nearby!|4:1}}

Evil clouds are made of a generated inorganic gas or dust.  They start in one tile and spread out in a similar manner to [[miasma]] vapor; when the game announces the cloud's presence, it will zoom into this tile.  Evil clouds cause more serious syndromes than evil rains, similar to those of [[forgotten beast]]s, [[titan]]s and [[demon]]s.  Certain evil clouds transform living beings caught in them into dangerous [[Undead|zombie]]-like thralls, turning them against all life while significantly increasing their strength and toughness [[attribute]]s.

Evil clouds inflict worse syndromes than evil rains; thralling clouds are especially dangerous in the extreme, as the zombies produced are much stronger than those produced via ambient effects. These [[undead]] are very hard to kill and are '''much''' stronger than their original forms. Evil clouds have a tendency to roll over your outdoor trade depot and convert traveling merchants into a band of dwarf-hungry savages, which can be quite [[fun]] to a fortress reliant on trade.

Thralling clouds are also dangerous in adventure mode. Undead status means hostility from civilized beings, reduced speed and no regeneration. However, other undead will ignore you.

=== Evil rain ===
{{DFtext|It is raining rotten sludge!|4:1}}

Evil rain can be made of either the [[blood]] of a civilized race (dwarves, goblins, etc.) or a randomly generated inorganic substance.  Blood rain typically causes no [[syndrome]]s, only giving whomever caught in it an unhappy [[thought]].  Generated substances are more dangerous, causing minor symptoms such as vomiting and fevers, as well as inspiring the aforementioned unhappy thought. Evil rain can also cause wounds and injure dwarves and other creatures caught in them, although the extent of injury depends on the substance. Some forms of evil rain, such as those that cause blisters will lead to instant fun as a blistered brain means death. Cats, birds, and other livestock dying after being exposed to evil rain indicate that dwarves may be next. Dwarves spattered with evil rain will seek a bath after any outdoor work, wasting time and [[soap]]. There are rumors of rain composed of other substances, such as [[alcohol]] and [[vomit]]; however, these seem to be rare.

=== Dangers of evil weather ===
One of the dangers of evil weather is that ponds will never refill. Store water into underground basins and plan accordingly. Another annoyance is the total lack of wild bees in an evil climate. Though evil rains (excluding rains of blood) usually cause the "milder" types of [[syndrome]]s, these may still cause death as a secondary result of that syndrome: e.g. suffocation from blisters, dehydration from chronic nausea. 

Some evil weather effects condense on creatures, making their effects semi-permanent - symptoms won't go away until the source is washed. Those effects also can spread like a disease. In most cases, it will just infect dwarves that carry contaminated bodies to caskets.  Thralling dust clouds, however, [[fun|can quickly lead to an unstoppable zombie apocalypse]] if the dust is not completely washed off somehow.

==== Movement of evil weather and safeguarding ====
Evil weather forms within about 30 tiles of the edge of the map (or edges of evil biomes within the map), and moves about the screen in one direction as the wind blows. Their structure is a series of miasma-like bursts of cloud that are spawned along the path of the cloud's invisible center. Because the clouds inflate similarly to [[miasma]] and because the direction they move in is random, they can very quickly dissipate, fly out of the map immediately, carry on at a steady pace, or spread rapidly to engulf very large areas. They will not, however, change direction.

Clouds pose a serious threat to dwarves (and from there, entire fortresses), even if your citizens seem to be inside safe structures. However, clouds' movement methods can be exploited, and buildings need not be limited to hermetically-sealed pillboxes if you're careful.

Although a cloud will glide uninterrupted along a single Z-level, it will teleport to the top of straight walls and pass over structures. As a result, a cloud will climb any hills and fortresses in its way with ease. Closed doors, raised drawbridges, and walls will keep the billowing parts out of buildings, but the movement of the cloud is mostly dependent on which tiles are marked "outside." Clouds will not propagate inside a roofed area, although already-started miasma-like bursts can billow under the edges of such places if there are no walls to stop them, or if there are open windows in those walls. Clouds can also teleport down from an open roof (it only takes one tile of open stairwell for a small segment of cloud to teleport down and burst upon the bottom floor of your tower.) They will pass through fortifications with ease, although they'll never spawn inside a roofed fortification; a cloud must billow in from somewhere else in that case. For this reason, do not make windows that are one the same z-level as the rooftops of adjacent buildings or natural features. It is safe, for instance, to make a tall, isolated tower and give its middle levels windows with no protection whatsoever, because the clouds teleport rather than climb, and will not teleport to any inside area. They would go directly to the roof without bothering the levels in between. This could be multiplied to make something like New York with complete impunity, so long as all the rooftops are at the same height.

If you choose to fortify outside, either be extremely careful with your designs, or be sure to have any open areas secured with floodgates, doors, or bridges to act as shutters to keep the clouds out. Adding doors throughout the structure to stop any accidentally-contained clouds from moving further inward does not hurt. It is important to emphasize that no rooftop will ever be safe.

An evil cloud will dissipate rapidly at the border of evil with non-evil biomes, but if there is more evil biome on the other side of the non-evil biome, the same cloud can and will eventually spring up over there; clouds do not necessarily die when they disappear, depending on the map. They can phase through non-evil biomes, and will move invisibly across the non-evil biome(s) at the same rate that they would across evil biomes.

It should be noted that attempting to make an open-roof barracks or tavern to prevent cave adaptation is extremely risky, even more so in a mixed-biome embark because the hazards of evil clouds are not immediately obvious. It would seem that the temporary disappearing effect of evil clouds when it attempts to cross a non-evil area is overwritten if it sweeps across constructed or otherwise modified floors (i.e. channeled out, roofed, or walls). This means erratic teleporting of the cloud depending on how much you've constructed but always means that any roofs are not safe. It also means the clouds will "appear" to linger on top of constructed surfaces, even if said surfaces are not in the evil part of the area. 

The only part that the cloud will not reach when it interacts with constructed walls is that it cannot touch the natural surface tiles within the walls that are the courtyard if the area is non-evil. Constructed surfaces and possibly channeled out areas are fair game for the cloud to spread. It's unknown if clouds will originate within modified tiles that are within non-evil areas of the map.

For unknown reasons, clouds will not teleport up multi-tile trees, but will pass uninterrupted below their boughs. This will not be true for anything you build, implying that any "outside" tile is dangerous, as trees provide support and elevation without changing which tiles are exposed to the outside.

Undead created by evil weather gain immediate strength bonuses and acquire a status of {{DFtext|Opposed to Life|0:1}}. They will tirelessly seek out living things to kill until they are struck down, which can take considerable effort.

== Bugs ==

*Different biomes can exist in layers above the surface. This can lead to odd behavior like evil rain above a "good" biome.{{bug|8781}}

{{Translation
| dwarven = nugreth
| elvish  = dafo
| goblin  = strobnod
| human   = señam
}}

{{Category|World}}
[[ru:Weather]]