Editing Wood

{{Quality|Exceptional}}
{{av}}
{{V50_item
|graphic=[[File:highwood_logs_sprite.png]]
|name=Logs
|tile=▬
|col=6:0:0
|materials=<span></span>
* [[:Category:Wood|Wood]]
|workshops=<span></span>
* [[Tree]]
|labors=<span></span>
* [[Wood cutter]]
|used for=
* [[Building]]
* [[Wood industry]]
* [[Wood burning]]
|value=3
|size=50,000
}}
''"Timber" redirects here. For the month, see [[Calendar]].''

'''Wood''' is a hard [[material]] found in nearly all [[tree]]s. It currently does not form the actual material of tree tiles, which are composed of generic structural [[plant]] material, but is instead dropped from trees as '''logs''' [[File:wooden_log_sprite.png|20px]] / {{Tile|▬|6:0}}, the raw [[item]] form of wood, when they are cut down. For the most part, different kinds of wood are identical, except for differences in [[density]] and [[color]]. It is generally weaker and more lightweight than other heavy-duty materials, such as [[stone]] or [[metal]]. All wood is flammable, with an ignition point of {{ct|10508}}. Only [[nether-cap]] wood is [[magma-safe]], due to its fixed temperature. The harvesting and use of wood to make products is known as the [[wood industry]].

"'''Timber'''" is the name of the ninth month of the dwarven [[calendar]], covering late Autumn, the only month of the dwarven [[calendar]] to not be named after a stone.
{{catbox}}
== Occurrence and production ==

=== Chopping down trees ===
[[File:wood_guide_v50_preview.png|thumb|310px|right|Workshops made of every single type of wood.{{cite|1|https://www.reddit.com/r/dwarffortress/comments/1123at8/wood_colour_guide/}}]]
Wood is obtained by {{Menu icon|l}} [[designation|designating trees]] to be chopped down. Any [[dwarf]] with the [[wood cutting]] [[labor]] enabled and access to a [[battle axe]] will cut down a tree, producing a variable number of 'logs' dependent upon the tree's size and composition. In general, bigger trees yield more logs than smaller ones, though relevant [[plant token]]s can have a significant impact on the total.

Trees start their lives as saplings. Saplings cannot be cut down until they mature into full-grown trees, which can take several years. Creatures frequently moving on a tile with a sapling will eventually kill the sapling, leaving you with a dead sapling occupying the square for a time before it disappears and another plant starts growing.

Saplings will randomly appear in above-ground [[soil]], only if the tiles underneath them are unmined and have at least another z-level of open space above them. If the soil does not have an immediate support for the roots, no saplings will appear. If there is no open space above, saplings will not grow. Underground saplings will begin to randomly appear in soil and [[mud]]dy underground rock only once one of the [[cavern]]s is exposed. Unlike above-ground saplings, underground saplings don't require the level below them to be unmined. However, they also require open space on the z-levels directly above them, otherwise the saplings will never grow.

It is recommended to clear trees out of active corridors - tree trunks act as walls and may, for example, block the path of wagons to the [[trade depot]]. Building [[road]]s and [[smoothing]] floors prevents new saplings from growing on the tiles.

=== Civilizations ===

Entities with {{token|OUTDOOR_WOOD|e}} and {{token|INDOOR_WOOD|e}} use wood from above-ground and underground trees respectively from their local environment for their products. Additionally, {{token|USE_GOOD_WOOD|e}} and {{token|USE_EVIL_WOOD|e}} allow entities to use wood from good or evil-aligned trees: [[feather tree]]s and [[glumprong]]s.  Except for [[kobold]]s, all civilizations use some type of wood.

{{token|USE_MISC_PROCESSED_WOOD_PRODUCTS|e}} permits the availability of certain wood-derived products: [[lye]], [[charcoal]], and [[potash]]. Dwarves, [[human]]s, and [[goblin]]s possess this. Entities with {{token|WOOD_WEAPONS|e}} and {{token|WOOD_ARMOR|e}} will use wooden weapons and armor - [[Elf|elves]] and subterranean [[animal people]] possess these tokens.

Logs and wooden products are available from [[trading]] by any friendly civilizations. Wood can also be brought before embarking. Logs are quite inexpensive, costing only three points per log, and bringing a large number can help jump-start the wood industry immediately.

=== Other sources ===

"Wagon wood" can be obtained from [[wagon]]s. The [[wagon (embark)|initial wagon after embark]] (an entirely different wagon) can be dismantled for three free logs of any type.

== Types ==

{{Main|Tree}}
<!-- NOTICE: Many trunk sprites use the same color palette, therefore some will use unmatching filenames. -->
{| class="wikitable sortable floatright"
|+ Comparison of [[density]], [[weight]], [[color]] and [[graphics|sprites]].
! Wood
! Density<br><small>(kg/m³)</small>
! Weight (Γ)<br/>per log 
! Color<br><small>(ASCII)</small>
! Graphic
|-
| [[Feather tree|Feather]] || 100 || 5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|7:1}};"| Cream || style="text-align:center;"| [[File:feather_tree_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:feather_wood_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Papaya]] || 130 || 6.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Taupe pale || style="text-align:center;"| [[File:coffee_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:papaya_wood_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Candlenut]] ||140 || 7 ||  style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Ochre || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:candlenut_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:candlenut_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Kapok]] || 260 || 13 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:guava_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:kapok_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Custard-apple]] || 360 || 18 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:guava_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:custard_apple_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Willow]] || 390 || 19.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:guava_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:willow_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Alder]] || 410 || 20.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:guava_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:alder_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Cherry]] || 425 || 21.25 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Gold || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:cherry_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:cherry_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Cacao tree|Cacao]] || 430 || 21.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Chocolate || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:apple_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:cacao_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Chestnut]] || 430 || 21.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Dark chestnut || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:chestnut_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:chestnut_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Saguaro]] || 430 || 21.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Ecru || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:saguaro_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:saguaro_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Cashew]] || 450 || 22.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Dark chestnut || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:cashew_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:cashew_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Ginkgo]] || 450 || 22.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Peach || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:pomegranate_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:ginkgo_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Rubber tree|Rubber]] || 490 || 24.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Flax || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:carambola_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:rubber_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| ''Default wood'' || 500 || 25 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:highwood_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:default_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Highwood]] || 500 || 25 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:highwood_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:highwood_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Tunnel tube]] || 500 || 25 || style="background: {{fgcolor|5:1}};"| Violet || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:tunnel_tube_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:tunnel_tube_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Wagon]] || 500 || 25 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:wagon_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Pine]] || 510 || 25.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Beige || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:pine_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:pine_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Durian]] || 520 || 26 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Taupe pale || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:coffee_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:durian_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Mango tree|Mango]] || 520 || 26 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Burnt sienna || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:coffee_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:mango_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Avocado]] || 540 || 27 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Chestnut || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:avocado_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:avacado_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Maple]] || 540 || 27 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Rust || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:maple_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:maple_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Carambola]] || 550 || 27.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Flax || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:carambola_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:carambola_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Nether-cap]] || 550 || 27.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|1:0}}; color: #fff;"| Dark indigo || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:nether-cap_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:nether_cap_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Tea]] || 550 || 27.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Taupe pale || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:coffee_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:tea_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Walnut]] || 562 || 28.1 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Dark tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:peach_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:walnut_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Cedar]] || 570 || 28.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Olive || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:pine_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:cedar_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Hazel]] || 580 || 29 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Taupe pale || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:coffee_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:hazel_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Bitter orange]] || 590 || 29.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Taupe pale || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:coffee_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:bitter_orange_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Desert lime]] || 590 || 29.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:guava_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:desert_lime_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Finger lime]] || 590 || 29.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:guava_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:finger_lime_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Kumquat]] || 590 || 29.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Taupe pale || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:coffee_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:kumquat_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Larch]] || 590 || 29.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Light brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:larch_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:larch_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Lime]] || 590 || 29.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:guava_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:lime_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Orange]] || 590 || 29.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Burnt sienna || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:orange_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:orange_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Pomelo]] || 590 || 29.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Ash gray || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:pomelo_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:pomelo_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Round lime]] || 590 || 29.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:guava_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:round_lime_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Acacia]] || 600 || 30 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Peach || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:pomegranate_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:acacia_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Ash (tree)|Ash]] || 600 || 30 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Pale brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:macadamia_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:ash_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Fungiwood]] || 600 || 30 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:1}};"| Lemon || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:fungiwood_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:fungiwood_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Goblin-cap]] || 600 || 30 || style="background: {{fgcolor|4:1}}; color: #fff;"| Red || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:goblin-cap_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:goblin_cap_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Mahogany]] || 600 || 30 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Mahogany || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:mahogany_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:mahogany_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Pear]] || 600 || 30 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Buff || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:pear_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:pear_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Spore tree|Spore]] || 600 || 30 || style="background: {{fgcolor|3:0}}; color: #fff;"| Teal || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:spore_tree_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:spore_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Tower-cap]] || 600 || 30 || style="background: {{fgcolor|7:1}};"| White || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:tower-cap_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:tower_cap_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Guava]] || 610 || 30.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:guava_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:guava_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Coffee]] || 620 || 31 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Taupe pale || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:coffee_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:coffee_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Rambutan]] || 620 || 31 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Bronze || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:rambutan_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:rambutan_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Birch]] || 650 || 32.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Burnt umber || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:birch_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:birch_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Black-cap]] || 650 || 32.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|0:1}}; color: #fff;"| Black || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:black-cap_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:black_cap_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Coconut palm]] || 680 || 34 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Dark taupe || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:mangrove_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:coconut_palm_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Sand pear]] || 690 || 34.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Buff || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:pear_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:sand_pear_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Bayberry]] || 700 || 35 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Pale brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:macadamia_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:bayberry_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Citron]] || 700 || 35 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Ash gray || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:pomelo_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:citron_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Oak]] || 700 || 35 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Auburn || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:oak_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:oak_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Macadamia]] || 705 || 35.25 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Pale brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:macadamia_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:macadamia_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Pecan]] || 735 || 36.75 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Peach || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:pomegranate_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:pecan_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Apple]] || 745 || 37.25 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Chocolate || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:apple_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:apple_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Apricot]] || 745 || 37.25 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Light brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:paradise_nut_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:apricot_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Pomegranate]] || 770 || 38.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Peach || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:pomegranate_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:pomegranate_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Almond]] || 795 || 39.75 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Copper || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:almond_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:almond_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Peach]] || 795 || 39.75 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Dark tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:peach_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:peach_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Plum]] || 795 || 39.75 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Pale brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:macadamia_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:plum_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Date palm]] || 820 || 41 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Burnt sienna || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:orange_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:date_palm_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Paradise nut]] || 820 || 41 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Light brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:paradise_nut_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:paradise_nut_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Mangrove]] || 830 || 41.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Dark taupe || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:mangrove_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:mangrove_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Persimmon]] || 835 || 41.75 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Tan || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:guava_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:persimmon_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Lychee]] || 880 || 44 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Taupe sandy || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:lychee_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:lychee_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Olive]] || 990 || 49.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|6:0}}; color: #fff;"| Pale brown || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:macadamia_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:olive_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Glumprong]] || 1200 || 60 || style="background: {{fgcolor|5:0}}; color: #fff;"| Purple || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:glumprong_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:glumprong_logs_sprite.png]]
|-
| [[Blood thorn]] || 1250 || 62.5 || style="background: {{fgcolor|4:0}}; color: #fff;"| Crimson || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:blood_thorn_trunk_sprite.png]] [[File:blood_thorn_logs_sprite.png]]
|}

There are 71 types of wood, excluding the default one. Of the 72 trees, [[abaca]] and [[banana]] do not produce wood. Nine types of trees are only found underground, while the remaining 61 grow above-ground in various [[biome]]s, except [[mountain]]s, [[glacier]]s, [[tundra]]s, and [[ocean]]s. The final type of wood, wagon wood, is only produced by the death of a wagon. All wood possesses the same material properties except its density (which affects the weight of an item) and color. It is brown by default, and very few types exhibit a color besides it.

The density of the material is the most important factor when choosing different types of wood. Wooden products made with heavier wood slow down [[hauling]], which negatively impacts the work speed of a fortress in the long-term. The type of wood used in weapons and armor also becomes important in regards to its force, durability, and weight.

=== Weight of logs ===

Each log has a volume of 5,000 or 50 litres. The [[weight]] can be derived by dividing the density (kg/m³) of the material by 20. An oak log will thus weigh 35Γ, a feather wood log 5Γ and a blood thorn log 62.5Γ. Weight is displayed in integers in-game, so a blood thorn log's weight will be displayed as just 62Γ. Wood has a default {{token|SOLID_DENSITY|md}} of 500 kg/m³, about five times lighter than most stone and fifteen times lighter than iron. [[Feather tree|Feather wood]] is the lightest at 100, and [[blood thorn]] wood is the heaviest at 1,250. Papaya (130) and [[glumprong]] (1,200) wood are also notable.

=== Grown wood ===

All wooden items made by elves are referred to as "grown". It is assumed that elves use an unknown (and unimplemented) [[magic]] to grow their products from trees without chopping them down. Elven [[caravan]]s only accept wooden products made from grown wood. Graphically, grown wood weapons will appear as standard wooden items, but with small branches and leaves stemming out of them.

== Applications ==

=== Ash ===

Burning wood in a [[wood furnace]] is the only major way to produce [[ash]]. It is otherwise rare and difficult to obtain naturally. Ash is essential in the production of [[lye]], [[potash]], and [[pearlash]]. Lye is used for making [[soap]], and potash is used as a [[fertilizer]] for farm plots to yield larger harvests. Pearlash is used for making clear glass and crystal glass in [[glassmaking]]. Ash can also be used as a [[glaze]] for ceramic products. In total, ash has major applications in the soap, farming, glass, and ceramic industries, all of which derives from wood.

=== Charcoal ===

[[Charcoal]] is a type of [[fuel]] produced by burning wood in a wood furnace. [[Smelter]]s, [[forge]]s, [[glass furnace]]s, and [[kiln]]s need fuel to operate. Coke is produced from [[bituminous coal]] or [[lignite]], neither of which is guaranteed to be present on a map, thus charcoal is typically the first reliable fuel for an early fortress. If coke sources are present though, it is recommended to use coke over charcoal so that wood can be used for other purposes.

Once [[magma]] is acquired, charcoal becomes obsolete as a fuel source for workshops. Despite this, charcoal is still significant in the production of [[steel]], where refined coal is required as a source of carbon.

=== Beds ===

[[Bed]]s can only be made from wood, with the exception of [[artifact]] beds created from [[strange mood]]s. Without beds, citizens get unhappy [[thought]]s from sleeping on the ground (''if not [[smooth]]ed, per se'').

=== Machine components ===

The following [[machine component]]s can only be made from wood: [[water wheel]]s, [[windmill]]s, and [[axle]]s. Axles are necessary in the transfer of [[power]] over distances. Water wheels and windmills are the only power sources to not require a dwarf to generate power.

=== Lightweight storage ===

Wooden items used for [[storage]] are lighter to carry than items made of most stone or metals. [[Barrel]]s, [[bin]]s, [[bucket]]s, [[jug]]s, [[large pot]]s, [[wheelbarrow]]s, [[minecart]]s, and [[cage]]s are items that can be made of wood and are frequently used in [[hauling]] stuff between stockpiles and workshops. Using a lighter material for storage decreases encumbrance and increases movement speed.

The type of wood is very important in [[storage]] items. Among the trees with the lightest wood are: [[feather tree]], [[papaya]], [[candlenut]], [[kapok]], [[custard-apple]], [[willow]], [[alder]], [[cherry]], [[cacao tree|cacao]], [[chestnut]], and [[saguaro]]. Making storage items from the wood of these trees provide the best results. Trees to avoid include [[blood thorn]], [[glumprong]], [[olive]], [[persimmon]], [[mangrove]], [[paradise nut]], [[date palm]], and [[lychee]].

In addition, it only takes one log to produce a bin, cage, wheelbarrow or minecart. Forging them with metal will take two or three bars instead.

=== Weapons and armor ===

:''See also: [[Weapon#Material|Weapon § Material]]

Wood is an extremely terrible material for combat. It has the worst impact and shear properties out of the standard weapons-grade materials (even against bone), making it ineffective in dealing substantial damage, both blunt or cutting. Denser wood has a small effect on its force power, but it remains weak compared to metal. A creature's [[natural weapon]]s can be more lethal than a wooden weapon. Wooden armor provides little to no protection. Wood durability is low, and breaks very quickly from repeated hits against harder materials. Its weakness serves as an advantage in situations where damage is desired to be kept to a minimum. In [[justice]], inflicting punishment with wooden weapons deals very little damage to the accused, which reduces the chance of accidental deaths.

[[Shield]]s and bucklers can be made from wood. Bashes with wooden shields in melee combat are weaker than those delivered by metal shields. The material does not affect a shield's ability to block, and even [[dragonfire]] can be blocked without getting burned at all. Taking in their lower weight, wooden shields are more effective over metal ones for their maneuverability. There is still the drawback of wood breaking faster than metal.

Dwarves can only create wooden melee weapons in the form of [[training weapon]]s, which are used in the military for training. They are useful for [[live training]] and [[danger room]]s, but are not necessary. Training weapons can also be bought from caravans at a cheap price.

[[Short sword]]s made of [[obsidian]] require one log in production. They are more or less a novelty, as metal weapons are superior.

[[Crossbow]]s can be made from wood by a [[bowyer]]. Wooden crossbows suffer reduced damage in comparison to metal crossbows if they are used to bash enemies in melee combat. However, since even metal crossbows are spectacularly bad melee weapons, this is a fairly unimportant consideration. The lighter wooden crossbow should be prioritized over metal ones for its lesser weight, minimizing encumbrance. [[Bone]] has a density of 500 kg/m³, so bone crossbows should replace wood whenever the type of wood being used is over 500 kg/m³.

A stack of 25 [[bolt]]s is made from a single log. In comparison, 5 bolts are made from a single bone. Wooden bolts are sufficient for training and [[hunting]], although significantly less effective against armored opponents than metal bolts.

=== Siege engines ===

[[Siege engine]] parts can only be made from wood. Although siege engines require lots of effort to manage, they can be very effective defenses when traps and soldiers fail. Both wooden and metal [[ballista arrow]]s also need a log to be made. Wooden ballista arrows are inferior to metal ones. Wooden ballista arrows made from denser wood deal more damage than lighter wood.

=== Trading ===

All logs are valued at 3☼. Wooden products are a poor choice for trading, because wood has a [[material multiplier]] of ×1 (no bonus). Elves do not accept any items or decorations made from wood, except the "grown" wood items that only elves produce. They get extremely upset when offered regular wood and will leave with no further possible trading for the season.

=== Other uses ===

Wood can be used to make most [[finished good]]s, [[furniture]], and [[tool]]s. Items can be [[decoration|decorated]] with wood through [[strange mood]]s. Colorful wood from underground, good, and evil trees are useful for aesthetic creations; they include black, blue, cyan, red, magenta, yellow, and white.

Wooden [[construction]]s can safely hold magma, but wooden [[building]]s will burn so using other materials is recommended where fire is a potential risk. [[Floor]]s constructed using lightweight wood will reduce the damage from falls. The lighter the wood, the softer the impact.

[[Building destroyer]]s prioritize destroying wooden [[door]]s and [[floor hatch]]es.{{verify}} Wooden buildings can be used in [[trap design]]s as cheap, affordable bait to lure them toward traps.

== See also ==

* [[Driftwood]]

{{Translation
| dwarven = lolum
| elvish  = ave
| goblin  = dôr
| human   = pado
}}

{{Gamedata}}
{{materials}}
{{Wood FAQ}}

{{Category|Materials}}
{{Category|Wood|0}}
[[Ru:Wood]]