Editing v0.31:Stone

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''(For the beginning player, see also [[The Non-Dwarf's Guide to Rock]])''
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'''Stone''' or '''rock''' is a naturally occuring solid aggregate of minerals. It sometimes [[stone management|leaves behind]] material after being mined or [[cave in|collapsing]]. Other types of [[Mining|minable]] tiles include [[soil]] and [[sand]].  

Stone is divided into a few key categories:
* [[Metal ore]]: stone that produces [[metal|metal bars]] when [[Smelter|smelted]]
* Rough [[gem]]s: rough gems can be [[gem cutting|cut]], then used to [[encrust]] objects and create [[window]]s.
* Other stone: Stone that is not an [[ore]] or a gem. Few of these have a use outside of items and structures. ([[Obsidian]] is one exception).

[[Economic stone]]s are types of stone that can be reserved for a special purpose. For [[ore]]s, this is smelting and for [[flux|fluxes]], this is steel production. [[Bituminous coal]] and [[lignite]] can be reserved for making [[coke]].

Having created loose stone, many times you'll want to get rid of it or at least move it someplace else. See [[stone management]] for advice.

''This article is about DF geology and the distribution of stones, and does not contain the specific locations of [[metal ore]]s or [[gem]]s.''

== Main layer types ==
{{main|Layer}}

There are four types of stone [[layer]]s (plus [[soil]], which is not stone). The type of layer is the primary indicator of what kind of [[ore]]s you are likely to find on the map, as well as a sign of [[volcano|volcanic]] activity.

The types are [[sedimentary layer]]s, [[igneous intrusive layer]]s, [[igneous extrusive layer]]s, and [[metamorphic layer]]s.

The primary types of rock only occur in their own layers. (e.g. you won't find [[limestone]] in a [[marble]] layer.)

== Stones forming entire layers ==
These types of stone occur as entire layers, containing some [[cluster|veins and pockets]] of other minerals (see below). If one of the following types of stone is present on your map, it will be listed in one of the [[biome]]s on the embark screen.<br /><br />
{| border = 1 cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" -valign="top"
|-
! style="background:#efefef;" | [[Sedimentary layer|Sedimentary]]
! style="background:#efefef;" | [[Igneous intrusive layer|Igneous intrusive]]
! style="background:#efefef;" | [[Igneous extrusive layer|Igneous extrusive]]
! style="background:#efefef;" | [[Metamorphic layer|Metamorphic]]
! style="background:#efefef;" | The Underworld
|-valign="top"
|style="padding: 0"|
* {{Raw Tile|░|#FFF|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}} [[Chalk]]
* {{Raw Tile|&#61;|#880|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#880|#000}} [[Chert]]
* {{Raw Tile|,|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}} [[Claystone]]
* {{Raw Tile|∞|#880|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#880|#000}} [[Conglomerate]]
* {{Raw Tile|`|#FFF|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}} [[Dolomite]]
* {{Raw Tile|▓|#FFF|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}} [[Limestone]]
* {{Raw Tile|≈|#880|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#880|#000}} [[Mudstone]]
* {{Raw Tile|#|#FFF|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}} [[Rock salt]]
* {{Raw Tile|#|#880|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#880|#000}} [[Sandstone]]
* {{Raw Tile|.|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}} [[Shale]]
* {{Raw Tile|%|#880|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#880|#000}} [[Siltstone]]<br /><br />

|style="padding: 0"|
* {{Raw Tile|░|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}} [[Diorite]]
* {{Raw Tile|▒|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}} [[Gabbro]]
* {{Raw Tile|▓|#CCC|#000}} {{Raw Tile|●|#CCC|#000}} [[Granite]]

|style="padding: 0"|
* {{Raw Tile|∞|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}} [[Andesite]]
* {{Raw Tile|#|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}} [[Basalt]]
* {{Raw Tile|.|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#CCC|#000}} [[Dacite]]
* {{Raw Tile|▒|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}} [[Obsidian]]
* {{Raw Tile|,|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}} [[Rhyolite]]

|style="padding: 0"|
* {{Raw Tile|&#61;|#FFF|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#CCC|#000}} [[Gneiss]]
* {{Raw Tile|▓|#FFF|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}} [[Marble]]
* {{Raw Tile|-|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#CCC|#000}} [[Phyllite]]
* {{Raw Tile|-|#FFF|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}} [[Quartzite]]
* {{Raw Tile|`|#880|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#880|#000}} [[Schist]]
* {{Raw Tile|%|#888|#CCC}} {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}} [[Slate]]

|style="padding: 0"|
* {{Raw Tile|░|#888|#000}} {{Raw Tile|*|#888|#000}} Slade
|}

== Other Stone  ==
Stones found on this table will occur as [[cluster|pockets and veins]] inside their respective stone layers (see above). When your miners newly encounter one of them, the game will pause and you will receive an announcement; even for the ones that have no use other than to build constructions of unusual colors. Note that the veins or clusters can spread into other layers, and may cause some layers to contain stones they usually wouldn't. A few of these stones, such as [[Olivine]], have other, more interesting minerals appear inside them.

Non-layer stone formations occur in one of three shapes: large clusters, veins, and small clusters. ''(See [[Vein|Veins & Clusters]] for full info.)''

''The following table does not contain [[ore]]s and [[gem]]s. The types of stone listed here that do not link to their own article are generic.''

{| class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" border="1" cellpadding="5"
|-
! Icons
! Name
! Found in
|-
|{{Raw Tile|^|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alabaster Alabaster]||Gypsum'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|`|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alunite Alunite]||All [[Igneous extrusive layer|Igneous extrusive]]'''(L)''', Kaolinite'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|v|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#ccc|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anhydrite Anhydrite]||Gypsum'''(S)''', Satinspar'''(1)''', Alabaster'''(1)''', Selenite'''(1)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|+|#800|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#800|#000}}||[[Bauxite]]||All [[Sedimentary layer|Sedimentary]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|☼|#888|#CCC}}  {{Raw Tile|☼|#888|#000}}||[[Bituminous coal]]||All [[Sedimentary layer|Sedimentary]]'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|`|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borax Borax]||Gypsum'''(S)''', Rock salt'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|#ff0|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FF0|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brimstone Brimstone]||All [[Igneous extrusive layer|Igneous extrusive]]'''(S)''', Gypsum'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|"|#FFF|#CCC}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[[Calcite]]||Limestone'''(S)''', Marble'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|&#61;|#888|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}}||[[Chromite]]||Olivine'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|£|#f00|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|&#42;|#F00|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnabar Cinnabar]||All [[Igneous extrusive layer|Igneous extrusive]]'''(V)''', Shale'''(V)''', Quartzite'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|£|#00f|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|&#42;|#00F|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobaltite Cobaltite]||All Igneous'''(V)''', All [[Metamorphic layer|Metamorphic]]'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|-|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryolite Cryolite]||Granite'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|o|#888|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}}||[[Graphite]]||Gneiss'''(S)''', Quartzite'''(S)''', Marble'''(S)''', Schist'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|#|#ff0|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FF0|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gypsum Gypsum]||All [[Sedimentary layer|Sedimentary]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|"|#888|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornblende Hornblende]||All Igneous'''(S)''', All [[Metamorphic layer|Metamorphic]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|.|#888|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmenite Ilmenite]||[[Gabbro]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|░|#888|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_(lignite) Jet]||All [[Sedimentary layer|Sedimentary]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|&#61;|#800|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#800|#000}}||[[Kaolinite]]||All [[:Category:Sedimentary Stone Layers|Sedimentary]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|#008|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#008|#000}}||[[Kimberlite]]||[[Gabbro]]'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|*|#888|#CCC}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}}||[[Lignite]]||All [[Sedimentary layer|Sedimentary]]'''(V)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcasite Marcasite]||Kaolinite'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|v|#888|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mica Mica]||All [[Metamorphic layer|Metamorphic]]'''(L)''', Granite'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|#0ff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#0FF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcline Microcline]||All Stone'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|#080|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#080|#000}}||[[Olivine]]||[[Gabbro]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|-|#ff0|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FF0|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orpiment Orpiment]||All [[Igneous extrusive layer|Igneous extrusive]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|#ff0|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FF0|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthoclase Orthoclase]||All [[Igneous intrusive layer|Igneous intrusive]]'''(L)''', All [[Metamorphic layer|Metamorphic]]'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|,|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periclase Periclase]||Marble'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|#f00|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#F00|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrified_wood Petrified wood]||All [[Sedimentary layer|Sedimentary]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|*|#808|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#808|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitchblende Pitchblende]||Granite'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|Θ|#880|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#880|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puddingstone_(rock) Puddingstone]||Conglomerate'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|#888|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#888|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrolusite Pyrolusite]||All Igneous'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|#f00|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#F00|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realgar Realgar]||All [[Igneous extrusive layer|Igneous extrusive]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|`|#808|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#808|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutile Rutile]||All [[Metamorphic layer|Metamorphic]]'''(S)''', Granite'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|x|#ff0|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FF0|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltpeter Saltpeter]||All [[Sedimentary layer|Sedimentary]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|-|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satinspar Satinspar]||Gypsum'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|;|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenite Selenite]||Gypsum'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|≈|#080|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#080|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpentine_group Serpentine]||Olivine'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|%|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stibnite Stibnite]||All [[Igneous extrusive layer|Igneous extrusive]]'''(S)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|&#61;|#ff0|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FF0|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvite Sylvite]||Rock salt'''(L)'''
|-
|{{Raw Tile|&#124;|#fff|#ccc}}  {{Raw Tile|●|#FFF|#000}}||[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talc Talc]||Dolomite'''(L)'''
|}
:'''(L)''' - occurs in large clusters
:'''(V)''' - occurs in veins
:'''(S)''' - occurs in small clusters
:'''(1)''' - occurs in individual tiles

== DF Geology and real-world Geology ==
The geology and stones of Dwarf Fortress are based on real-world geology and mineralogy. To understand the terms used here, you may want to crack open a geology textbook (a high school one should suffice). If you don't happen to have one close by, the Wikipedia articles for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology geology], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralogy mineralogy], or the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_layers terms in question] might help.

[[Category:Stone|*]]
[[Category:Materials]]