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Editing v0.34:Irrigation

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=== via Screw Pump ===
 
=== via Screw Pump ===
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A [[screw pump]] can be used to lift water and dump it into a chamber directly next to the water source. There are many ways to go about this, but one particularly simple, easy, and safe method requires a chamber dug out or constructed next to a body of water, with an outlet to allow it to drain back to its source. If the water the pump is free to collect water to spread inside, the water is contained by barriers, and water in the area is free to drain out, nearly any size area can be irrigated quickly and without danger.
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This method ranks somewhere between easy and complex irrigation as it's set up relatively quickly while not necessarily looking as cool as the complex method. It needs a [[screw pump]] and a river or brook next to a hillside.
  
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This method is most useful around rivers that pass by or through hills, or through canyons, as irrigation isn't much use on most outdoor tiles. If terrain at a higher elevation than the river isn't available nearby, water can drain through a tunnel down to the caverns or toward the edge of the map, instead. Although the edge of the map cannot be dug out, it can be smoothed and carved into fortifications. Fortifications allow water to pass through, providing easy drainage at any depth.
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You start by digging out a tunnel of one tile and a rectangular room near the river exactly one level above the river. The floor of the room has to be at the same level as the surface of the river. It doesn't have to be walled on the side of the river as you'll need some open space for the water to get out. If you have dug it farther away from the river, you should dig another tunnel from the room to the water source so that the pumped in water can get out.  
  
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Here's one example of this method:
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Secondly, at the end of the one tile wide tunnel you'll set up the pump. You'll need a free place next to the light green part of the pump for a dwarf to be able to operate it. It will only be operated once, so you don't need any axles or gears or waterwheels or whatever. Manual pump operation is all it takes.
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After setting up the pump (whose dark green end has to be between the tunnel's walls) you can start pumping water into the room. If you have set up everything properly, you should have a pump filling up the room with water. The water should flow through the room and out of it at the open side of the room. After having enough muddy ground tiles you can stop the dwarf from operating the pump and deconstruct it (the pump, not the dwarf!) if you like. Given enough time, any remaining water will either flow out of the room or evaporate, at which point you should have some beautiful muddy ground tiles to farm on.
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You should also consider a bridge for the farmers to reach the farming plots. The bridge at the exit point of the water should be long enough so that the water won't flow over it and damp the ground at its far end. You can do without that second bridge though as you can deconstruct the pump after the irrigation. So there is already a passage for the farmers to get to the plots.
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Good luck! Here's a diagram of this method:
  
 
{{diagram|spaces=yes|\
 
{{diagram|spaces=yes|\
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[[File:Irrigation1.png‎|thumb|right|A reservoir system which provides enough water for 8 fields. Upper level]]
 
[[File:Irrigation1.png‎|thumb|right|A reservoir system which provides enough water for 8 fields. Upper level]]
 
[[File:Irrigation2.png‎|thumb|right|The irrigated bottom level.]]
 
[[File:Irrigation2.png‎|thumb|right|The irrigated bottom level.]]
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First you need a sufficient source of [[water]]. The best would be a [[brook]] or [[river]], but it is also possible to use a bigger murky pool (it depends on how many fields you want to irrigate).
  
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Water reservoirs can be used as an intermediate step in any irrigation plan. This requires a large source of [[water]] to be of much use. Using reservoirs effectively involves some calculations, a worked example is shown below.
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For every 7x7 farm plot you need
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For this example, each 7x7 farm plot needs:
 
 
:* a [[floodgate]]
 
:* a [[floodgate]]
 
:* a [[hatch cover]]
 
:* a [[hatch cover]]
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:* a [[door]]
 
:* a [[door]]
  
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Also needed is:
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You also need
 
:* 2 Mechanisms for the [[lever]]s
 
:* 2 Mechanisms for the [[lever]]s
 
:* at least one additional door (if you have enough time to set up a wall or floodgate as well)
 
:* at least one additional door (if you have enough time to set up a wall or floodgate as well)
  
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Here is the pattern:
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Use the following pattern:
  
 
{{diagram|spaces=yes|\
 
{{diagram|spaces=yes|\
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lower level, farms}}
 
lower level, farms}}
  
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After the pattern has been dug out, the tiles for each hatch are channeled out. Then, the hatch covers are placed and linked to the first lever.
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After your miners have dug the pattern, channel the tile under each hatch cover's location. Now place the hatch covers and link them to lever 1. After that you can place the floodgates and link them to lever 2. To start the irrigation, channel out the last tile to the river / murky pool. Pull the floodgate-lever to fill the reservoirs and pull it again when they are 7/7. Finally pull the hatch cover's lever and release the water to the lower level.
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Floodgates are placed and linked to the second lever. To start the irrigation, channel out the last tile to the river / murky pool. Engage the floodgate-lever to fill the reservoirs and disengage it once they're full. Finally, pull the lever for the hatches to release the water to the lower level.
 
  
 
This reservoir contains 70 units of water (10x7). 9 units of water are lost to the ground of the reservoir (61 left). Roughly 10 units evaporate while spreading (~51). The water should be just enough to cover the whole farm plot and evaporate quickly.
 
This reservoir contains 70 units of water (10x7). 9 units of water are lost to the ground of the reservoir (61 left). Roughly 10 units evaporate while spreading (~51). The water should be just enough to cover the whole farm plot and evaporate quickly.

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