Editing v0.34:Pasture

{{Quality|Exceptional|15:35, 21 April 2013 (UTC)}}
{{av}}{{buggy}}

Pastures are [[activity zone]]s that the player creates to hold tame animals, especially grazing animals.  Herbivorous animals require [[grass]], [[cave moss]], or [[floor fungus]] to graze upon, and larger herbivores need a greater amount of these to feed themselves. [[Panda]]s and their relatives require bamboo rather than other types of grass. Using pastures allows herbivorous animals to be restricted to areas where they will have plenty to eat.

A pasture is defined using {{K|i}}-{{K|n}} to draw a rectangle, and then animals are selected to graze. Having pressed {{K|i}} to define a zone, highlight the pasture and press {{K|N}} ({{K|Shift}}+{{K|n}}), select the animal(s) you wish to pasture using {{K|+}}/{{K|-}}, and press {{K|Enter}}. Animals currently assigned to this pasture will have a green plus symbol to the left of them. Animals assigned to ''some'' pasture, this one or otherwise, will have a green triple-line symbol to the right of them. If the brackets surrounding this triple-line are white, the animal is currently pastured; if they're grey, the animal has not yet been brought to pasture, or still needs to be moved to a different pasture. If the brackets contain the 'cage' symbol (‼), it means that animal is currently caged. If that animal is selected for this pasture, they will be automatically uncaged and brought to the pasture by a dwarf (this is actually a good way to get animals you bought from a merchant uncaged quickly, without having to actually build the cage somewhere first).

Once all animals are selected, finish by pressing {{K|Esc}} and idle dwarves will lead the animals to pasture. Contrary to a common misconception, this task is '''not''' an animal hauling job and will be performed by any adult civilian regardless of labors enabled. 

Any tame animal may be assigned to a pasture. You can also create pastures inside (on rock) and use them to confine animals that do not need to eat (like [[pig]]s) in certain areas. If there is fungus or moss on your indoor floors (e.g. on soil after breaching the caverns), the animals will consume that in place of grass. 

[[Grass]] on your pastures will replenish at different speeds, depending on [[biome]]; if, on embark, the biome read "Thick" on "Other Vegetation", it will regrow fast, if it read "Scarce", it may not regenerate at all. Care should be taken to ensure that grass is not consumed more quickly than it can replenish, lest your livestock begin starving - if more than half of the pasture is devoid of grass, it's probably overloaded. Of special note is the fact that [[mountain]] biomes start covered with grass (and numerous boulders), but said grass will ''never'' regrow once eaten, so when placing pastures, ensure that there are shrubs and saplings nearby, as their presence ensures that the environment is hospitable to plant (re)growth.

Baby animals born to pastured mothers will automatically be assigned to their mother's pasture, but those hatched from [[egg]]s will not.

If you need to get animals inside quickly when a [[siege]] or [[ambush]] hits, a quick way to do this is to simply make the pasture inactive (''before'' the animals see the invaders, if possible.) Animals without a pasture tend to gravitate to a meeting area, so most of them will head to your [[dining hall]] or other rest area. An inactive pasture retains its occupant list, so all you have to do is make it active again and your dwarves will return them to their correct areas.

==[[Overcrowding]]==
When a pasture is overcrowded, animals may become enraged and start fights. This behavior is similar to a dwarf throwing a [[tantrum]], and can be prevented by enlarging your pasture or keeping fewer animals in it.

Another possibility is to split a large pasture which holds many animals into several smaller pastures, with the pasture size reflecting the amount of grazing the animal needs to survive. Animals will only fight each other if their pasture is sharing the same tiles as the creature they are fighting with.

==Other Applications==
Pasturing a [[cat]] in a food [[stockpile]] will make it more effective at keeping [[vermin]] away from your food.

A pasture can serve as a quick limited replacement for a [[rope]] or [[restraint]], as it allows you to "tie" multiple animals to the same spot and even allows you to place [[pet]]s and animals assigned to dwarves. It does however not actually tie animals; see below.

This can be used to (not very safely) get rid of immigrant pets or cat infestations by pasturing them outside the fortress to serve as an early warning system and meatshield or by pasturing them inside a room that then gets accidentally filled with [[magma]]. This procedure will cause unhappy thoughts in owners and spam "assign to pasture" jobs when you want them least: When the animals are running away from invaders or even a meager [[thief]], most of them escaping death:

While a pasture is a quick way of placing animals exactly in one defined area, it does not restrict the movement of an animal--if they are threatened by an enemy, the animal will flee as normal, and will trigger a task to re-pasture the animal once it leaves the border of the pasture. This is important as the announcement of an ambush may trigger a flood of civilians rushing to the pasture and into the face of the enemy. Since the labor has no associated skill, you cannot govern who will take such a job, but you can cancel those jobs by e.g. temporarily deactivating the pasture zone.

==Bugs==

* Grass does not grow back on mountain biomes.{{bug|4164}}
* Pastured animals cluster in the top left corner of the pasture, potentially leading to overcrowding and starvation even when ample space is available.{{bug|4366}}
* Assigning creatures to a [[restraint]] does not automatically de-assign them from a pasture, leaving your dwarves to haul the hapless animal back and forth indefinitely.{{bug|4475}}
* Baby animals hatched from [[egg]]s are not automatically assigned to the mother's pasture.{{bug|5990}}
* During a [[civilian alert]], only tiles within the defined burrow are eligible for grazing. Animals confined to pastures outside the civilian alert burrow will starve to death while standing on dense grass.{{bug|6240}}