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− | {{Quality|Exceptional}} | + | {{Quality|Exceptional|20:56, 20 September 2016 (UTC)}} |
{{Alloy3 | {{Alloy3 | ||
|name=Steel | |name=Steel | ||
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|color=0:7:1 | |color=0:7:1 | ||
|color1=0:0:1 | |color1=0:0:1 | ||
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}}{{av}} | }}{{av}} | ||
− | '''Steel''' is an [[alloy]] of [[iron]] and carbon ([[fuel|refined coal]]), made at a smelter. It is the best common | + | '''Steel''' is an [[alloy]] of [[iron]] and carbon ([[fuel|refined coal]]), made at a smelter. It is the best common metal for smithing most [[weapon]]s and [[armor]]. Steel also has the third highest value of all metals, tied with that of [[gold]]. |
Steel can be created at a [[smelter]] by a [[dwarf]] with the [[furnace operator]] [[labor]] activated. | Steel can be created at a [[smelter]] by a [[dwarf]] with the [[furnace operator]] [[labor]] activated. | ||
− | + | ==Sedimentary Layers== | |
− | + | To smelt steel, you will need [[iron]] [[bar]]s, [[flux]] stone, and [[fuel]]. Flux is used to remove impurities, including carbon, during the smelting process, while fuel (charcoal or coke) removes oxygen and puts back in a small amount of carbon. The end result is steel: iron with just the right amount of carbon in it. The three ores of iron (hematite, magnetite, and limonite) can only be found in [[sedimentary layer]]s, with the exception of hematite, which can occasionally be found in igneous extrusive layers. Furthermore, four of the five [[flux]] stones (calcite, chalk, dolomite, and limestone) are found only in sedimentary layers, as well as both [[coal]] ores (bituminous coal and lignite). | |
− | To smelt steel, you will need [[iron]] [[bar]]s, [[flux]] stone, and [[fuel]]. Flux is used to remove impurities, including carbon, during the smelting process, while fuel (charcoal or coke) removes oxygen and puts back in a small amount of carbon. The end result is steel: iron with just the right amount of carbon in it. The three ores of iron (hematite, magnetite, and limonite) can only be found in [[sedimentary layer]]s, with the exception of hematite, which can occasionally be found in igneous extrusive layers. Furthermore, four of the five [[flux]] | ||
If you have no sedimentary layers at your fortress site, your only hope to make steel is with: | If you have no sedimentary layers at your fortress site, your only hope to make steel is with: | ||
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If you embark in a forest [[biome]], you can produce thousands of units of wood from the surface trees alone, without even tapping into the [[cavern]]s. Charcoal requires more labor per unit than coke, but is often easier to acquire. | If you embark in a forest [[biome]], you can produce thousands of units of wood from the surface trees alone, without even tapping into the [[cavern]]s. Charcoal requires more labor per unit than coke, but is often easier to acquire. | ||
− | Note that bituminous coal and lignite, like most stones, | + | Note that bituminous coal and lignite, like most stones, costs only 3☼ at embark or from caravans. With [[Sample_Starting_Builds#Minmax_build|a cunning enough starting build]], it is possible to embark with enough coal boulders to produce several hundred units of coke. This is only possible if your parent [[civilization]] has access to coal; otherwise, it will not be available at all. |
==Recipe== | ==Recipe== | ||
− | + | Steel production is fairly complex compared to the creation of other [[alloy]]s. ''Important note'': in steelmaking, [[coke]] or [[charcoal]] is also used as an ingredient, apart from its use as [[fuel]]. A conventional (non-magma) smelter will require an additional unit of fuel in each reaction. | |
− | + | The first step is '''to create [[pig iron]]''': | |
− | : | + | :*1 bar of [[iron]] |
+ | :*1 [[flux]] stone | ||
+ | :*1 unit of [[fuel]] (as a source of carbon) | ||
+ | :*1 unit of fuel, or magma (to heat the forge) | ||
+ | :'''Produces''': | ||
+ | :*1 bar of pig iron | ||
− | '' | + | [[Image:SteelSword.png|thumb|right|200px|''A [[steel]] [[short sword]].'']] |
− | + | ||
− | * | + | The second step combines the pig iron with plain iron '''to produce steel''': |
− | * 2 units | + | |
− | + | :*1 bar of iron | |
+ | :*1 bar of pig iron | ||
+ | :*1 [[flux]] stone | ||
+ | :*1 unit of fuel (as a source of carbon) | ||
+ | :*1 unit of fuel, or magma (to heat the forge) | ||
+ | :'''Produces''': | ||
+ | :*2 bars of steel | ||
+ | |||
+ | The overall reaction consumes 2 bars of iron, 2 units of flux, and 2 units of fuel as ingredients (plus an extra 2 fuel at a conventional smelter for heating). This produces 2 bars of steel. | ||
− | + | Remember that smelting [[iron]] [[ore]] also requires 1 unit of fuel at a conventional smelter, producing 4 bars of [[iron]], which translates to half a unit of additional fuel used in the recipe above (although you will need a full unit up front.) | |
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− | + | To go from raw materials to finished products (assuming 1 bar per crafted item) a ratio of 8 iron bearing ore: 32 flux stone: 13 bituminous coal (or 26 lignite or 104 logs) will have no leftover raw material and will yield 32 single-bar steel items. This is assuming, of course, that your dwarves can time travel and use the last remaining piece of coke to fire the first bituminous coal. | |
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− | + | [[File:SteelChart.png|center|485px]] | |
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<!-- | <!-- | ||
− | + | ==100% Reaction Recipes== | |
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''' Recipe: Magma + catalyst ''' | ''' Recipe: Magma + catalyst ''' | ||
1 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 4 [[flux]]stone + 4 [[fuel]] = 4 bars of steel | 1 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 4 [[flux]]stone + 4 [[fuel]] = 4 bars of steel | ||
− | * 4 Bituminous coal + 9 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 36 [[Flux]]stone = 36 bars of steel | + | :* 4 Bituminous coal + 9 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 36 [[Flux]]stone = 36 bars of steel |
− | * 4 [[Lignite]] + 5 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 20 [[Flux]]stone = 20 bars of steel | + | :* 4 [[Lignite]] + 5 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 20 [[Flux]]stone = 20 bars of steel |
− | * 8 [[Wood]] + 2 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 8 [[Flux]]stone = 8 bars of steel | + | :* 8 [[Wood]] + 2 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 8 [[Flux]]stone = 8 bars of steel |
''' Recipe: Non-Magma ''' | ''' Recipe: Non-Magma ''' | ||
− | * 9 [[wood]] + 1 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 4 [[flux]]stone = 4 bars of steel | + | :* 9 [[wood]] + 1 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 4 [[flux]]stone = 4 bars of steel |
− | * 9 bituminous coal + 8 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 32 [[flux]]stone = 32 bars of steel | + | :* 9 bituminous coal + 8 [[iron]] [[ore]] + 32 [[flux]]stone = 32 bars of steel |
− | * 9 [[lignite]] + 4 x [[iron]] [[ore]] + 16 x [[flux]]stone = 16 bars of steel | + | :*9 [[lignite]] + 4 x [[iron]] [[ore]] + 16 x [[flux]]stone = 16 bars of steel |
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{{Translation | {{Translation |