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v0.34:Aqueduct
| This article is about an older version of DF. |
An aqueduct is any set of elements that carries water or magma (the game's two types of fluids) from one location to another. Using a combination of channels, tunnels, screw pumps, and natural or constructed floors and walls, an aqueduct taps into a natural source of either and creates a path for them to follow, using a combination of pressure and gravity to funnel it to its destination. Aqueducts are usually a means to an end and not an end in of themselves.
Although simple aqueducts don't need much utility, certain measures like roofing over channels and installing lever-bound floodgates or bridges are useful for safety, maintenance, and modification reasons. More complicated aqueducts often handle pressurized flows; since in-game pressure sometimes behaves in counter intuitive ways, it is generally a good idea to familiarize oneself with its mechanics before undertaking any large project, lest flooding occurs.
Water
The most primitive kind of aqueduct is an open surface channel, usually dug out from the local river or lake to your fortress to provide your dwarves with a less exposed fishing outlet and a source of clean drinking water. This is often combined with an equally simple reservoir and/or a well:
Simple aqueduct
top view
≈≈≈......║++ ≈ = River/lake
≈≈≈......║++ ≈ = Channel filled with water
≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈≈║≈○ +. = Floor (indoor/outdoor)
≈≈≈≈.....║++ ║ = Wall
≈≈≈≈.....║++ ○ = Well
Only rivers and some murky pools and lakes provide fresh surface water suitable for drinking and cleaning the wounds of injured dwarves. Oceans always provide salt water, lakes may provide stagnant or salt water and murky pools are usually stagnant. Although these water sources can still be fished and used for various other purposes, they cannot be drunk from or used in injury treatment without a high infection risk, and must be desalinated through a screw pump first. Fortifications are often useful, as they prevent swimming creatures from pathing into your fortress through your waterworks and will depressurize any water that flows through them (one sometimes causes problems with the other).
Another useful utility is a "dump" channel, an aqueduct that dumps a large body of fluid off-map. Shallow reservoirs are often quick-dumped off the edge of the map at the caverns level, to take advantage of gravity and minimize fps drag, and because you cannot dig the map's edge tile.
Magma
Magma is located in the bowels of the earth, and bringing it (closer) to the surface requires a special construction: the pump stack (aqueducts cannot "push" fluids up z-levels). Note that magma is much more viscous than water, so an over-application of pressure will be necessary to get a significant flow rate. Magma routing requires magma-safe materials.