Modification:Expanded Plants/Plants

This is a table of the real-life growths and growth seasons of plants found in Dwarf Fortress. It is a work in progress.

The values in this table will be incorporated into the Plant Fixes mod. Please feel free to help with the research!

A table of the biome distributions of these plants can be found here.

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A

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Abaca
	Perennial Tree-like herb
		Tropical w/ decent rain & high drainage
			Pseudo-trunk Stem	None	Year-round	Green	N/A
			Leaf	Cloth fiber "Manila Hemp"	Every 3-8 months	Green	N/A
			Flower	None	No more than 1 month before leaves reappear	Red-orange	Shortly before leaves reappear
			Fruit	Contains seeds	Sometime after leaves reappear	Almost-white brown	??
			Seeds	Oil for soap only (oil not edible)	N/A	Black	N/A
Acacia
	Tree
		Tropical & subtropical dryish but not desert; needs full sun
			Structural	Low-value wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Year-round	Green	N/A
			Flowers	None	Several times a year	Yellow	??
			Seedpods	Edible cooked, contains seeds, dye?	??	Brown	??
			Seeds	Edible raw or cooked	N/A	Black	N/A
Alder
	Broadleaf tree
		Temperate
			Structural	Mid-value wood; red & yellow dye from bark	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Spring	Green, then orange	Autumn
			Male catkins	None	Before leaves	Yellow/pink	Spring
			Female catkins	None	Before leaves	Brown	Late autumn
Alfalfa
	Perennial Herb
		Warm side of temperate; doesn't like salt; prefers direct sun.
			Stem	Edible when young (create sprout growth?)	Year-round	Light green	N/A
			Leaves	None	Early/mid spring	Light green	Mid/late autumn
			Flowers	None	Late spring	Magenta	Early autumn
			Seedhead	Contains seeds	Mid summer	Green	Late autumn
			Seed	Plantable, edible cooked	N/A	Light brown to yellow	N/A
Almond
	Tree
		Subtropical - warm, dry summers; mild, wet winters. Not too heavily forested.
			Structural	Wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Late spring	Green, then red	November
			Flowers	None	Late February	White	Late spring
			Whole almonds	Contains seeds	September	Light brown	November
			Seeds	Edible	N/A	Brown	N/A
Apple
	Tree
		Temperate; lightly wooded but not super forested.
			Structural	Wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Mid-spring	Green, then orange, then brown	Early winter
			Flowers	None	Mid-spring	Pink, then white	Late spring
			Fruit	Edible, brewable	Mid-autumn	Red, yellow or green	Late autumn
			Seeds	None	N/A	Brown	N/A
Apricot
	Tree
		Mid-temperate to subtropical. Prefers dryish climates.
			Structural	Wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Mid-spring	Green, then yellow	Mid-autumn
			Flowers	None	Very early spring	White	Somewhat quickly
			Fruit	Edible, brewable, contains seed	Mid-summer	Orange	Early autumn
			Pit/kernel	Edible, edible oil	N/A	Brown	N/A
Arrow Bamboo
	Perennial shrub-like herb
		Mid-temperate; tolerates both shade and full sun
			No usable or even interesting growths; going to leave it an unremarkable grass. (Too thin for timber.) However, it grows up to 18 ft tall; might make it a shrub? Stupid pandas and their needing bamboo to be a grass.
Artichoke
	Perennial Herb
		Subtropical to warm-temperate. Reasonable water & drainage.
			Stem	None	Year-round	Light green	N/A
			Leaves	None	Mid-Spring	Light green	Late autumn
			Bud w/ Heart	Edible/Brewable	Early summer	Light green	2 weeks later
			Flower	None	Immediate upon bud disappearance	Bright purple	??
			Seedhead	Contains seeds	Sometime after flower disappearance	Brown	Late autumn
			Seeds	Planting	N/A	??	N/A
Ash
	Broadleaf deciduous tree
		Temperate, OK with forests
			Structural	Mid-quality wood; blue dye from bark	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Late spring	Green, then yellow orange or red	Early autumn
			Flowers (male & female panicles)	None	Mid-spring	Purple
			Samaras	None	Summer	Green then brown, falls off in cloud	Mid-autumn
			Winter buds	None	Mid-winter	Brown	When leaves appear
Asparagus
	Perennial Herb
		Happy with saltwater; subtropical to moderately temperate.
			Woody stem	None	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			New shoots	Edible	Late spring	light green	Early summer
			Leaves "ferns"	None	Early summer	Green, then yellow in fall & brown in winter	Late winter
			Flowers	None	June	White or yellow	July
			Berries	Contains seeds	??	Red	??
Avocado
	Tree
		Tropical to subtropical rainforests
			Structural	Wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Year-round	Green	N/A
			Flowers	None?	January	Light green	February
			Fruits	Edible (raw), edible oil	June	Green	October

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B

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Baby Toes Succulent	Perennial Succulent (herb?)	Very hot desert	Flowers	None	Late summer	White or yellow	Mid-autumn
Bambara Groundnut
	Annual Herb
		Semi-arid tropical to subtropical savannah
			Stem	None	Year-round	Green?	N/A
			Leaves	None	Year-round	Green	N/A
			Flowers	None	40 days after planting	purple or yellow?	60 days after planting
			Seedpods	Contain seeds	Every 85 days, starting at pollination	Brown	30 days after appearance
			Seeds	Edible, plantable. Oil?	N/A	Light brown	N/A
Banana
	Perennial tree-like herb
		Tropical, medium to wet forest
			Pseudostem	None	A new one every 6-8 months	Green	Shortly after fruiting
			Leaves	Fiber for thread	New leaves with every pseudostem	Green	Shortly after fruiting
			Inflorescence (1/plant, at the "tip" of the bunch.)	Edible	No more than 2 months after pseudostem matures	Dark red	When the fruit falls
			Flowers (grow on the inflorescence)	None	Shortly after development of inflorescence	Pale pink	Appear in stages from base to tip; so about 2 months after appearing?
			Fruit (grow along the inflorescence, from the "base" of it, where the early flowers were)	Edible, brewable	4 months after flowering	Yellow or green	About 2 months after the first ripen (they ripen gradually from the base of the inflorescence to the tip)
Barley
	Annual Herb
		Temperate to subtropical forest/grassland
			Stalk	None	15 days after leaves emerge	Green, then brown	90 days after leaves emerge
			Leaves	None	Early spring	Green, then brown	90 days after leaves emerge
			Seedhead	Contains seeds	50 days after leaves emerge	Green, then brown	90 days after leaves emerge
			Seeds	Edible, brewable, millable	N/A	Brown	N/A
Bayberry Bush
	Perennial Shrub
		Temperate marshes or other wet-to-medium. Saltwater OK.
			Structural	None	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Early spring	Green	Late autumn (some are evergreen)
			Flowers	None	Mid-Spring	Yellow	Late spring
			Berries	Press for inedible oil & wax; contains seeds	Mid-summer	Light green, ripening to gray-light blue in autumn	Mid-winter
			Seeds	Plantable	N/A		N/A
Bayberry Tree (Chinese Bayberry)
	Tree
		Temperate to subtropical, well-drained, light tree cover at most.
			Structural	Low-quality wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Year-round	Green	N/A
			Flowers	None	??	White	??
			Berries	Edible, brewable	Harvestable in November	Red	Not long - go bad quickly
Beet
	Biennial Herb
		Temperate, moderately wet, grassland to lightly forested
			Root	Edible, dye	Year-round	Dark magenta-brown	N/A
			Leaves	Edible raw or cooked	Late spring	Green	Mid autumn
			Flowers	None	Mid-summer	Green	Mid-summer
			Seedhead	Contain seeds	Late summer	Brown	Late summer
			Seed	Plantable	N/A	Brown	N/A
Bentgrass	Perennial Herb	Anywhere	Boring. No indication of edible seeds, flowers are small & green & look like a seedhead. Just leave it, whatevs.
Bilberry
	Shrub
		Temperate & subarctic with poor soil. Forests-shrubland.
			Structural	None	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Spring	Green, then red	Fall
			Flowers	None	Mid-spring	Light red	Early summer
			Berries	Edible, brewable, contains seeds	Late summer	Dark purple	Early autumn
			Seeds	Plantable	N/A	Dark red	N/A
Birch
	Tree
		Temperate to boreal, any thickness veg
			Wood	High quality wood	Year-round	Cream to tan	N/A
			Leaves	None	Mid spring	Light green, then orange	Mid autumn
			Male catkins	None	Mid autumn	Yellow	Late spring
			Female catkins	None	Early spring	Brown	Early Autumn
Bitter melon
	Herbacious vine
		Tropical & subtropical forests
			Vine	None	Year-round	Green, then brown	N/A
			Leaves	Edible when young	Year-round	Green	N/A
			Flowers	None	June	Yellow	July
			Melons	Edible, contains plantable seeds; incidentally, used in place of hops in brewing!	September	Green, then yellow-orange (not edible when yellow-orange - overripe, too bitter)	November
Bitter orange
	Tree, arguably shrub
		Subtropical to mildly temperate. Needs full sun.
			Structural	Wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	January	Green, then orange	??
			Flowers	None	Late spring	White	Early summer
			Fruit	Edible cooked, source of orange marmalade, orange oil - good with sugar	December ripening	Green, then orange	February
Bitter vetch
	Annual? herb
		Sub-tropical dryish (Turkey, Iraq etc.)
			Stem/Structural	None	?? little info remains	Green	??
			Leaves	None	??	Green, look like honey locust	??
			Flowers	None	??	White to light purple	??
			Pods	Contains seeds	??	Brown	??
			Seeds	Edible COOKED ONLY, causes paralysis if undercooked	N/A	Brown	N/A
Blackberry
	Perennial shrub
		Temperate; tolerates poor soil; best in bright sun; not too wet
			Canes (structural)	None	Year-round	Wood	N/A
			Leaves	None	Early spring	Green, then red-purple in autumn	Late autumn?
			Flowers	None	May	White	Early summer
			Berries	Edible, brewable, contains seeds; when eaten raw should not produce seeds	Late summer	Red when unripe, then black	Mid-autumn
			Seeds	Edible raw or cooked, plantable	N/A	Purple	N/A
Blood amaranth
	Annual herb
		Temperate to tropical, wet or dry. Requires direct sun, does not compete well against other plants.
			Stem	Edible when young	Mid spring	Green tinged with magenta	Early autumn
			Leaves	Edible, harvestable every 20 days or so - super crazy	Mid spring	Magenta tinged green	Early autumn
			Flowers	Hopi Red dye? May not be appropriate for fabric, was mostly used on pottery & as food coloring.	Late spring (70 days after planting)	Magenta-purple	Early summer
			Seedheads	Contain seeds	Mid summer (110 days after planting)	Also magenta-purple!	Early autumn
			Seeds	Edible cooked, flour, plantable	N/A	Black for wild, white for domesticated	N/A
Blue sedge	Perennial? herb	Drought-tolerant, sun to part-shade, temperate to subtropical. Tolerates salt.	Pretty boring. Blue-green, but otherwise basic ground cover.
Blueberry
	Perennial Shrub
		Tundra to mild temperate, swampy to scrubby. Can deal with some woodland, but not downright forest. Will grow on mountains, Toady. :<
			Structural	None	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Middle spring	Green, then red	Early-mid autumn
			Flowers	None?	Mid spring	White	Late spring/early summer
			Berries	Edible, contain plantable seeds. NOT dye, blueberry stain does not hold to fabric.	Early summer	Green, then red, then (when ripe) dark blue	Late summer
			Seeds	Plantable. Should not be produced when eating the berry raw.	N/A	Purpley red	N/A
Broad bean (fava bean)
	Herb, annual but doesn't die off except due to weather?
		Temperate to cold. Can handle a little wet but not too much, no dryness, some salt. Will not fruit above 70F or below 40F. Possibly divide into two plants - one a winter bean in warmer areas, one a summer bean in colder? Sharing each other's materials?
			Structural	None	Extremely early spring	Green	Hang around until killed - can we accomplish this with heatdamage & colddamage points on the structural material?
			Leaves	Edible raw, but this will reduce bean crop obvs.	Extremely early spring	Green	Hang around until killed
			Flowers	Edible raw	??	White	2-6 weeks later (depending on heat - hotter is longer)
			Pods	Contain seeds	80-100 days after planting	Green	Not long after? Beans are best when younger, and can only be eaten raw when harvested young - but can still be picked afterwards. A few different growths?
			Seeds	Edible raw or cooked, plantable	N/A	Green, then white, then black	N/A
Buckwheat
	Annual herb
		Short-season crop, needs drainage but not dry. Mid-temperate to cold-temperate. No higher than 90F after the first 4 weeks, then no frost until the full 12 weeks are over.
			Stalk	None	Early spring, Mid summer	Green	Dies in cold or when picked
			Leaves	None	Early spring, Mid summer	Green	Dies in cold or when picked
			Flowers	None	6 weeks after sowing	White	2-3 weeks
			Seedhead	Contains seeds	10-12 weeks after planting	Black	Mid autumn
			Seeds	Edible cooked, flour, brewable	N/A	Brown	N/A

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C

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Cabbage
	Bienniel herb
		Temperate, not too shaded
			Head	Edible with its leaves	Mid-spring, early autumn	Green	Late spring/Early summer
			Stem	None	Early summer	Green	Until plant dies (in DF, probably until heads come up again)
			Leaves (opened, on stalk, not head)	None	Early summer (of the second year, but this is DF)	Green	Until plant dies
			Raceme/flowers	None?	Slightly later than the stem	Yellow	?? Shortly after presumably
			Seed pods	Contains plantable seeds	a month after the flowers end?	Light brown	Only a few days!
			Seeds	Plantable	N/A	Chestnut brown	N/A
Cacao tree
	Tree
		Tropical forests
			Wood	Wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Year-round	Green	N/A
			Flowers	None	Year-round	ivory/pale yellow	N/A
			Cacao pod	Contains seeds	Year-round, with a 5-6 month ripening period	Green then orange	N/A
			Cacao beans	Edible cooked, ground to cacao paste, pressed to cacao butter (soap possible also) and cacao powder	N/A	Chocolate-colored!	N/A
Candlenut
	Tree
		Tropics with decent rain and good drainage. Slightly salt-tolerant.
			Wood	Wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Year-round	Green	N/A
			Flowers	None	January	White	March
			Nuts	Contains seed	September	Green, gray when ripe	December
			Seeds	Edible; millable; pressable for oil	N/A	Brown	N/A
Caper
	Perennial shrub
		Tropical or subtropical deserts
			Structural	None	Year-round	Purple	N/A
			Leaves	Edible cooked	Year-round?	Green?	N/A
			Buds	Edible cooked	May	Green	August
			Flowers	None	Slightly later May	White	August
			Berries	Edible cooked, contains seeds	June	Green-brown	September
			Seeds	Plantable, obvs	N/A	Brown	N/A
Carambola
	Broadleaf tree
		Tropical (forests?)
			Wood	Wood	Year-round	Birch-like (under the bark), with a little pink?	N/A
			Leaves	None	Year-round	Dark green	N/A
			Flowers	None	Year-round	Lavender/pink	N/A
			Fruits (Starfruit)	Edible, brewable	Year-round	Green when unripe, then yellow	3 crops/year
Carpetgrass	Perennial herb	Tropical & subtropical wet - tolerates periodic submersion & deep shade	Nothing interesting - green leaves, no interesting flowers or fruits.
Cashew
	Tree
		Tropical woodlands; leaves spread wide, so not thick forests. Both drought and wet tolerant.
			Wood	Wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Year-round	Dark green	N/A
			Flowers	None	Winter	Light green, then pink-red	Later in that winter
			Fruit w/ nut	Edible, brewable into urrac, attached to NUT, not seed	A few months after flowering	Green nut, then green fruit, then red-orange when ripe	Drop after a few weeks? No gathering from ground, they sprout.
			Nut	Contains one seed, but seed is surrounded by a caustic chemical! Might make for some FUN in processing - chance to produce blister-liquid in workshop?	N/A	Darker brown	N/A
			Seed	Edible raw or cooked, nut butter, oil	N/A	Light brown	N/A
Cassava
	Shrub
		Tropical & subtropical. Both wet- and dry-tolerant (but not desert).
			Structural	None	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	Edible cooked, with same syndromes as root (Note to self: test out if ingested syndromes via cooking is possible)	Year-round	Green	N/A
			Root/tuber	Edible cooked (chance of cyanide poisoning. Let's leave out acute poisoning but give a chance for the effects of chronic exposure via layered syndromes. A few layers in you get: temporary blurred vision, permanent liver, kidney, pancreas & motor nerve damage, esp. to legs. Progressively worse motor nerve damage if it's still eaten, eventually blisters on brain & organ shutdown.), brewable, grindable to flour (we'll say flour is non-toxic since though toxic flour is possible, best practices REQUIRE making it into flour)	Year-round	Light brown	N/A
			Flowers	None	July	Bright pink	January
			Fruit	Contains plantable seeds	70-90 days after pollination	Light green & Brown	70-90 days after the last flowers disappear I guess?
			Seeds	Plantable	N/A	Brown	N/A
Cattail
	Perennial herb (Currently implemented as a grass; should probably be a shrub. Honestly should probably just replace rope reed 1 for 1.)
		Native to temperate-to-tropical freshwater wetlands, but will grow almost anywhere near fresh or brackish water.
			Rhizome (starchy roots)	Edible cooked, flour	Year-round; usually harvested late autumn to early spring	White	N/A
			Stalk	Edible heart "Cossack asparagus" early spring thru mid summer. Jute-like fiber fabric.	Early spring	Green	Late autumn
			Leaves	None	Early spring	Green	Late autumn
			Flowers	None	May	Sort of a brownish yellow	July
			Punks	Kapok-like seed fluff, possibly spinnable to thread? Contains seeds.	Starts at same time as flower, harvestable in early autumn	Brown, then white midway thru harvest	Late autumn
			Seed	Plantable	N/A	Brown	N/A
Cedar - going with genus Cedrus
	Evergreen conifer
		Mountains. This may be a problem? Maybe call it hills?
			Wood	High-value wood	Year-round	Brown, inside is lighter brown/yellow/pink/orange?	N/A
			Needles	None	Year-round	Bluish green	N/A
			Pollen cones	None	Late summer	Small and orange	Mid autumn
			Seed cones	None	Year-round, beginning small and green in late autumn, then ripening in the next early/mid-autumn	Green, then gray-brown	Late autumn/Early winter
Celery
	Biennial herb
		Temperate, partial to full shade, requires a lot of water. Low drainage good! Freshwater bogs.
			Stalk	Not actually eaten in wild varieties	Mid spring	Light green	Dies back in early winter
			Leaves	Edible	Mid spring	Dark green	Dies back in early winter
			Flowers	None	Early spring	White	Late spring
			Seed head?	Contains seeds	August	Brown	Septemberish
			Seed	High value edible, plantable	N/A	Brown	N/A
Cherry
	Deciduous broadleaf tree
		Temperate, any amount of shade or not
			Trunk/branches	Wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Late spring	Green, then red	Mid? autumn
			Flowers	None?	Mid-spring	Pink-white	End of mid-spring
			Fruit	Edible, brewable	Early summer	Dark red	Late summer
			Seeds	None	N/A	Brown	N/A
Chestnut
	Deciduous broadleaf tree, but does exceptionally well in pine forests apparently
		Temperate w/ good drainage but moisture
			Trunk/branches	Wood	Year-round	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Early-mid spring	Green, then bright yellow	Sometime in the autumn? Specifics hard to find
			Male catkins	None	Late spring, 2 months after leaves	Pale yellow	Mid summer
			Female catkins	None	Late spring, 2 months after leaves	Green	Mid summer
			Burrs	Contain edible nuts	Appear when female catkins leave, ripen 10-12 weeks later	Green	just 2 weeks after ripening!
			Nut	Edible, pressable	N/A	Chestnut	N/A
Chickpea
	Annual herb
		Full sun to partial shade; Dryish subtropical scrub
			Structural - non-woody but called branches	None	Mid-late autumn	Green	Until it gets scorching (early summer?)
			Leaves	Edible raw or cooked	Mid-late autumn	Green	Until it gets scorching (early summer?)
			Flowers?	None	50-60 days after planting	Light purple/white	Shortly before the plant dies off from heat
			Pods	Contains seeds	Ripe 100 days after planting	Green/bright light green	Until it gets scorching (early summer?)
			Seeds	Edible raw or cooked, flour	N/A	White/tan	N/A
Chicory
Citron
Cloudberry
Coconut palm
Coffee
Common reed
Cotton
Cottongrass
Cowpea
Cranberry
Cucumber
Custard-apple

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D

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Dallisgrass
Date palm
Desert lime
Dog's tooth grass
Downy grass
Dropseed grass
Durian

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E

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Eggplant
Elephant-head amaranth

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F

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Fescue grass
Field sedge
Finger lime
Finger millet
Fisher berry
Flax
Fonio
Foxtail millet

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G

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Garden Cress
Garlic
Ginkgo
Golden bamboo
Grama
Grape
Guava

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H

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Hair grass
Hard wheat
Hazel
Hedge bamboo
Hemp
Horned melon

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I

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J

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Jute

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K

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Kaniwa
Kapok
Kenaf
Knotgrass
Kumquat

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L

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Larch
Leek
Lentil
Lesser yam
Lettuce
Lime
Long yam
Lychee

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M

Work on M is in progress by a friend of mine who prefers to use a spreadsheet. If you're here to help, please begin with another letter. Thanks!

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Macadamia
Mahogany
Maize
Mango
Mangrove
Maple
Marsh thistle
Meadow-grass
Meadowsweet
Mountain avens
Mung bean
Muskmelon

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N

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Needle Grass

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O

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Oak
Oats
Olive
Onion
Orange

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P

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Palm
Papaya
Papyrus sedge
Paradise nut
Parsnip
Passion fruit
Pea
Peach
Peanut
Pear
Pearl millet
Pebble plant
Pecan
Pendant amaranth
Pepper (bell)
Persimmon
Pine
Pineapple
Plum
Pomegranate
Pomelo
Potato
Purple amaranth
Purple moor grass
Purple yam

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Q

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Quinoa

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R

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Radish
Rambutan
Ramie
Raspberry
Red bean
Red spinach
Reedgrass
Rhubarb
Rice
Round lime
Rubber tree
Rush
Rye
Ryegrass

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S

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Saguaro
Sand pear
Satintail
Sawgrass
Single-grain wheat (einkorn)
Soft wheat
Sorghum
Soybean
Spelt
Spinach
Squash
Strawberry
String bean
Sweet potato

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T

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Taro
	Perennial Herb
		Tropical wetland (native, also cultivated dry), high/medium soil fertility, any drainage, can handle some drought and flooding
			Corm	Edible (cooked), flour, folk medicine	All year	Brown (with light purple)	N/A (harvested when leaves start to die)
			Leaves	Edible (cooked), folk medicine	Spring/Summer (any period of warm wet weather)	Green, go yellow	8-16 months
			Flowers	??	Very rare (supposedly as result of farming)	Yellow, white, green	??
			Fruit	Contains seeds	Very rare (people plant the tubers)	Red	??
			Seeds	??	N/A	White	N/A
Tea
	Evergreen shrub / small tree
		Tropical (wet/dry), native habitat debated
			Structural	Wood	N/A	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	Drink, folk medicine, stimulant, edible oil, tannin, dye	Some sources say continuous growth, others that there is a dormant period after seed production	Dark green	N/A (two harvests: early spring and summer, other sources say all the time)
			Flowers	Drink	Late autumn (rare on farms)	White petals, yellow stamen	During fruit growth
			Fruits	Contains seeds	??	Green, go yellow and red, then brown	??
			Seeds	Edible oil (not to be mistaken for tea tree oil)	N/A	Black/dark brown	N/A
Teff
	Annual cereal grain
		Subtropical / Tropical grasslands, swamps, marshes, very hardy, can handle limited drought and water logged soil, low/medium fertility soil
			Stems	Straw	Late spring - summer (seeds sown)	Green, goes yellow	Autumn/Winter (after harvest)
			Leaves	??	With stem	Green, goes yellow	With stem
			Seedhead	Contains seed	Summer	red/green (sort of flowers), then yellow	Autumn (harvest time), Gone by winter
			Grain	Edible (cooked at least), flour	N/A	White/light brown (wild relative would drop seeds)	N/A
Tomatillo
	Annual Herb
		Tropical, high drainage soil, high rainfall
			Structural	Poisonous parts used as folk medicine	Spring (planting time)	Green	??
			Leaves	Poisonous	With stem	Green	??
			Flower	Poisonous	??	Pale yellow	??
			Fruit	Edible (raw/cooked), contains seeds, husk poisonous	Summer/early autumn (harvest time)	Grows inside a green husk which dries yellow/brown, fruit itself green, by end bursts through dry husk	??
			Seeds	Edible (cooked at least)	N/A	Pale yellow	N/A
Tomato
Turnip
Two-grain wheat

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U

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Urad bean
	Annual Herb
		Tropical (sources vary on dry/wet), medium to high soil fertility, high drainage
			Structural	Animal feed, fertilizer	Planted in summer or winter	Green	Two/three months
			Leaves	??	Quickly	Green	Two/three months
			Flowers	??	One month	Yellow	With bean pod development
			Bean pods	Edible (raw/cooked)	??	Green, goes yellow, then black	Two months (harvest time)
			Beans	Edible (raw/cooked), flour	N/A	Black, some dark green	N/A

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V

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Velvet grass
	Perennial grass
		Temperate (open forest, woodland, marshes, grassland)
			Structural (leaves, stems, and all)	Grazing	??	Green	N/A
			Flowers	None	Summer	White with pale pink	Summer

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W

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Walnut
	Tree, Alternate Bearing
			Structural	High-value wood	Year-round	Dark Brown	N/A
			Leaves	None	Early Spring	Green, then yellow, fall in clouds	Early Autumn
			Flowers (male first and then female)	None	Spring	Green	Late Spring / When seedpods appear
			Seedpods	Contains nuts, brown dye, tannin, ink	Late Spring / Early Summer, fall	Brown / Green	Late Summer / Early Autumn (when ready)
			Nuts	Edible raw or cooked, oil (food and paint), nut casing used for a few things most not period appropriate	N/A	Brown	N/A
Watermelon
	Annual Vine
		Tropical / Subtropical (dry season), full sun, needs open space as they spread and kill neighbours, can be grown on trellis
			Vines	None	Early winter (in original setting)	Yellow/Brown hairs on new growth, Green, brown when dry	??
			Leaves	Edible raw	With vines	Green, brown when dry	??
			Flowers	Edible raw	They grow quickly	Yellow, brown when dry	When fruit develops
			Fruit	Edible raw, but better cooked, Brewable, acts as major water source for animals, humans can survive on it alone for 6 months	??	Green / Light green (sweeter ones go more yellow), may fall (stem goes dry)	Mid-Winter (when ready)
			Seeds	Edible cooked, flour	N/A	Black	N/A
White millet
	Annual grass
		Temperate (dry), any soil save coarse sands
			Stem	None	Spring	Green, goes yellow	??
			Leaves	None	With stem, but getting bushy by late Spring	Green, goes yellow	??
			Seedhead	Contain seeds	Late summer, early winter (when ready)	Green, goes yellow, wild varieties would drop these	??
			Seeds	Edible cooked, flour	N/A	white/yellow (husks after milling: cream, yellow, orange-red, or brown)	N/A
White mountain heather
	Perennial shrub
		Sub-alpine, patches on ground and in crevices
			Structural (leaves, stems, and all)	None	??	Dark green	N/A
			Flowers	None	Spring	White with red bractlets	Summer
White yam
	Perennial Herb Vine
		Tropical (wet, some say dry too), very fertile soil
			Root	Edible (cooked), flour (dried rind)	All year (planted at start of rainy season)	Brown	N/A (usually harvested just before dry season)
			Leaves	Edible (at least other yam leaves are)	Wet season and after dry season	Green, go yellow	??
			Flowers	??	After dry season, rare and often sterile	White/green	??
			Seedhead	Contains seeds	Rare	??	??
			Seed	??	N/A	??	N/A
Wild carrot
	Biennial herb
		Temperate (dry/good drainage), tolerates poor/moderate soil
			Root	Edible raw/cooked (by second year too woody and needs cooking)	Late autumn to early summer (seeds sown), ready to harvest by summer same year	White	??
			Leaves	Some say edible, others poisonous (phytophotodermatitis)	??	Green	Autumn
			Flowers	Edible	Summer (second year)	White	Early autumn
			Fruit	Contains seeds, dried as kindling	Late summer / early autumn (second year)	Brown with yellow/white hairs	they get stuck to animals
			Seeds	Edible, dye, folk medicine	N/A	Yellow brown	N/A
Willow
	Perennial tree
		Temperate (wet)
			Structural	Light flexible wood, wicker, paper, fibre, medicine (bark), tannin (bark)	??	Brown	N/A
			Leaves	Medicine	Early spring - early summer	Green	Autumn (semievergreen)
			Catkins	Edible (poor people cooked and mashed them)	Before or with leaves	Yellow, white	??
			Seedpods	Contains seeds	Summer	Light brown	??
			Seeds	??	Late summer	Green (hairy) (fall in clouds)	Late summer, early autumn
Winter melon
	Annual Vine
		Tropical (wet/dry), warm season, moist environment (when young, when established fairly drought resistant), well drained soil, frost kills, full sun
			Vines	Edible (shoots and tendrils)	Spring	Green, goes brown	Late summer, early autumn
			Leaves	Edible (raw/cooked)	Spring	Green, goes brown	Late summer, early autumn
			Flowers	Edible (raw/cooked)	??	Yellow, goes brown	As fruit develops
			Fruit	Contains seeds, edible (raw/cooked), takes months to spoil	??	Pale green, whiter with age (waxy) (white fuzz when young), folk medicine, candles (waxy coating),	Late summer, early autumn (fully ripe, but can be eaten immature), may drop from vine
			Seeds	Edible (not sure how), oil	N/A	Yellow	N/A

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X

Contents A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z top

Y

Contents A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z top

Z

Plant name	Plant type	Climate	Growths	Uses	Appearance Time	Color	Disappearance Time
Zoysia