40d:Insanity

Insanity causes a dwarf to immediately stop what they were doing and go mad, rendering them useless as they refuse to follow orders or perform any job. They also stop eating, drinking and even sleeping. Insanity comes in three flavors: melancholy, stark raving mad and berserk.

The effect is permanent and there is no current way to cure them. Insanity always ends in the death of the afflicted dwarf, whether by suicide or homicide, which will upset their friends and family. This can lead to a vicious circle of depression and tantrums. Make sure to build coffins to avoid compounded unhappiness from their friends decaying on open air.

Even children and babies can be afflicted by insanity. And yes, that is awesome.

Causes

Certain events/conditions can drive a dwarf insane. It is not possible to force insanity, only to foster its growth.

• Entering a strange mood but failing to complete a legendary artifact.
• Being very unhappy or miserable for a long time. Unlike a failed mood, this is not a guaranteed insanity, and dwarves can remain unhappy for many months without snapping.
• Diplomats and merchants who are trapped inside your fortress for a long time will also go insane, even though you do not technically "own" them. This includes their pack animals used to haul the goods. A caged diplomat will go insane immediately (e.g. if he falls unconscious while standing on cage trap)

Types

There are three types of insanity. It is only possible for a dwarf to be one type of insanity, and it is believed to be assigned randomly.

• Stark raving mad (Running around babbling!)

The afflicted dwarf will drop all of their items (including clothes) one by one until they are entirely naked. They will then wander your halls (or sometimes stick to their room) babbling incoherently until they eventually die of dehydration or starvation. They do not actively seek out their own deaths, but death does a pretty good job at finding them anyways.

• Melancholy (Stricken by melancholy...)

The afflicted dwarf is overcome by depression and will seek out ways to end their life. If they cannot find a cliff to jump off of or water/magma to drown/burn up in, they will simply starve themselves to death.

• Berserk (In a berserk rage!)

The afflicted dwarf attacks friend and foe alike in a blind rage. This can be dangerous if it happens to an experienced dwarf (especially one carrying an artifact weapon); war dogs will quickly pull down an unskilled dwarf though.

Beserk dwarfs have also been known to pull every lever they can find. This may be merely annoying or a true game-ender, depending on your fortress design.

The dwarf in question becomes an enemy to your civilization, meaning your military will engage him and the berserk dwarf can set off traps.

Dealing with insanity

As stated, there is no cure for the insane. But there are ways you can deal with dwarf quickly and efficiently which can have little impact on your fort's health. Of course, that isn't always as fun.

• Lock the door or otherwise seal them in

Insane dwarves - even the berserk kind - cannot get by a locked door. If your insane or soon-to-be-insane dwarf is in a lockable room, just lock the door; you can then wait for them to starve themselves to death. Even if your workshops aren't in rooms on their own, you'll have a month or two while your dwarf stands in their workshop waiting for the items they need. You can use that time to build a wall around the workshop and seal the dwarf in. (Indeed, it may be a good idea to start doing this instinctively as soon as a dwarf claims a workshop, or dig 3x3 squares with only one way in for your workshops so you can build a door in the gap and lock it as soon as the dwarf goes mad.)

• Station your military around them

If you suspect a dwarf is about to go insane, whether from misery or a failed mood, you can station a squad of soldiers by them

This is the best solution to dealing with a berserk dwarf. Better they charge into an axe than an unlucky mason walking along.

• Make sure you have a cliff and that the bottom is accessible

As cruel as it might sound, making sure your melancholy dwarves have a place to jump off of provides a quick and easy death instead of waiting for them to eventually starve. If you're able to access the bottom of the cliff you can quickly bury the corpse and fetch his items.

• Assign wardogs to a potential case, or to those around them

Similar to military, wardogs will recognize the insane as an enemy, and rip them apart the moment they become a danger. This tends to only work with the more violent types. One or two is enough for a non-wrestler, and has the advantage of following the dwarf wherever they go.

Insanity in Adventure Mode

In Adventure Mode, it is possible to have your adventurer become stark raving mad, this can be caused by extreme drowsiness. When this happens, your adventurer will be able to fall off cliffs without using the ALT-key, and possibly won't be able to swim during this state. Other than that, nothing really else happens, and the effect goes away when you travel on the world map.