v0.31:Cross-training

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v50.14 · v0.47 · v0.34 · v0.31.25 · v0.28 · v0.23 This article is about an older version of DF. More Info · V

Cross-training is the process of training your civilian dwarfs in military pursuits, or vice versa, and can offer several benefits. First and most importantly, it can be a good way of raising attributes, leading to stronger, tougher, faster dwarfs. Secondly, it provides a handy pool of recruits for when your military takes a beating or gives your civilians a halfway chance of defending themselves. Thirdly, it can provide useful replacements for when your legendary mason accidentally blunders into a troll and gets all his limbs broken. Finally, it's a more productive use of time than standing around idling.

There is nothing saying you have to use only one of these ideas; they are all various approaches toward addressing these areas.

Cross-training (starting a reserves program)

The biggest thing to remember with a reserves program is that if you're going to go, you go all the way. Don't institute something "just for a little while" and come up with a handful of novice reservists; they will not get significant stat increases and you'll only waste time. Time is not something you have a heck of a lot of in a reserves program, typically. Remember that after you draft them, most dwarves are going to need about a year of sparring or training before they're ready for heavy combat. You might not have that much time if you are getting sieges regularly.

Different Programs:

Artillery proving ground (Template:L)

Mass-produce some catapults, line them up near a quarry, and fire away. Works well to dispose of stone from a gulag (see below).
Pros:

• Trains a skill that's reasonably useful, and provides a place to put all the sub-par siege engine components your Template:L will doubtlessly create if you're going for superior-quality engines.
• Harasses the wildlife, which is always fun.
  

Cons:

• Very slow to train (2+ years for legendary).
• Fairly space-consuming to set up a well-designed and usable proving ground.
• Can be dangerous depending on the biome (especially when Template:Ls are present. If they get winged by a stray boulder, you can bet they're going to be coming straight at you).
• Template:Ls are civilians, and will run in fear when an enemy approaches them.

Internship (Template:L)

Turn on highest precision bookkeeping and rotate the appointed noble in and out the second he becomes a legendary bookkeeper.
Pros:

• Requires no extra infrastructure at all.
• You need a bookkeeper anyway!
• Totally safe; a bookkeeper spends basically all his discretionary time snug in his office.
  

Cons:

• Only employs one dwarf at a time; not useful when you have 15-25 candidates for the reserves.
• No announcement when the current intern reaches Legendary status means you can lose time on rotation easily.
• Legendary bookkeepers might leave their successor without work, losing work and experience.
• Is arguably an Template:L; some players may want to avoid it on principle.
• Trains very slowly, can take many years to gain legendary
• Produce little to no useful attribute gains.

Internship MkII (Template:L)

Much like bookkeeping, assign a new dwarf to manager, queue several hundred jobs, and rotate a replacement in as soon as he becomes legendary. For bonus points, queue jobs which need to be repeated anyway, like "Prepare Raw Fish" or "Mill Plants", or jobs for which there is no workshop, like "Make Wooden Bow" or "Make Soap".
Pros:

• Requires no extra infrastructure at all.
• You need a manager anyway!
• Mostly safe; a manager spends basically all his discretionary time snug in his office, or doing his other assigned jobs.

Cons:

• Only employs one dwarf at a time; not useful when you have 15-25 candidates for the reserves.
• No announcement when the current intern reaches Legendary status means you can lose time on rotation easily.
• Produces little to no useful attribute gains

Gulag (Template:L)

The gulag is basically a strip mine that is located far away from your main fortress (so you don't have to worry about accidentally screwing up your own building plans; if you are careful in planning, it may be placed closer to your fortress). Take a big square and start leveling it; it's really no more complicated than that. Since Template:Ls can actually be used as weapons, it's worthwhile to give the reservists who will be working in the gulag picks made out of Template:L, or, if you are really living large, Template:L. Note that you will have to turn your usual mining corps (the civilian miners who are already experienced with mining) off for this setup to work properly.
Pros:

• Soldiers can be equipped with picks from the military skill, and use the Miner skill in combat - militia squads of highly-skilled miners can provide a decent defence from early threats
• Toting a pick for close-quarters support might make a legendary Template:L more useful, since the pathetic bludgeon damage of his Template:L and Template:L Template:L are less important.
• Can be quite useful for producing stones you might not have access to normally, or uncovering veins of precious metals.
• Levels quite fast in sand.
• Relatively little oversight from you.
• An overland hike to the gulag will fight Template:L in your military candidates.
• Can easily be transformed into a Template:L on suitable maps, providing a safe and replenishable wood source.

• Mining trains all military attributes, so it's perfect for military training too

Cons:

• Juggling your real miners and your reservists when there's real work to be done on the fort can be a chore.
• Hard to keep dwarves in the gulag for too long; they'll inevitably get hungry, thirsty, and tired and start hiking back to the fortress proper.
• Can be dangerous, depending on the biome.
• Does require some amount of oversight from you, especially when your reservists start getting better at mining and run out of work more quickly.
• Low-skill miners may discover---and then partially destroy---valuable gem or mineral deposits.

Renovation (Template:L)

Another convenient way to buff up your dwarves, assigning your reservists to mass Template:L duty increases your fortress' architectural wealth and makes the place look nicer. While they may clutter the halls somewhat, it doesn't require any special allocation of Template:L, Template:L or Template:L. Just turn on Template:L for your reservists and mark up as much of the fortress as you like for renovation.
Pros:

• Even easier to set up; just assign your dwarves and an area and you're good to go.
• Increases your fortress' value and general happiness.
• Requires no continuous oversight on your part.
• Very safe, if you only assign areas inside the fortress.

Cons:

• Wealth overflow may bring too many Template:L.
• Serious conflict with Template:L assignments; trying to engrave with poorly trained engravers wastes a lot of wealth that essentially comes from nothing. To avoid this, have periods when you only designate stone smoothing, followed by periods where you only designate engraving.
• Careless designation of smoothing areas may have your dwarves trying to smooth walls too close to Template:L or a Template:L.

Sweatshop (Template:L)

Make one or more mason's workshops in an area with a bunch of junk stone you don't care about, or that you're actively looking to clear. Change the workshop settings to allow only your reservists to use it, then tell the workshop to churn out crafts, junk furniture, stone blocks, and trade goods that you can trade en-masse. Alternatively, forbid your reservists from working in your real mason's workshops, order lots of stone constructions built, and pray that your real masons stay too occupied with the workshops to intrude. Works well in conjunction with a gulag. Alternate ideas for sweatshops include a mechanic's workshop, craftsdwarf's workshop, or a magma glass furnace to train mechanic, stonecrafter, and glassmaker respectively. Note: Do NOT try this with the Template:L skill, or any other resource you don't have in near-limitless abundance. Sweatshops will consume huge amounts of their associated resources, and if you run out mid-way you have probably wasted your time. This includes Template:L or Template:L used in the normal (non-magma) Template:L.
Pros:

• Quantitatively turns a profit. The inferior trade goods can be dumped on the next caravan for more useful commodities like bags, seeds, and logs. Logs are especially useful, since you'll inevitably stamp out lots of bins to support the trade good output.
• Mass-producing blocks makes your constructions higher value.
• Unlike many other training programs, Sweatshops train a skill that is very useful.

Cons:

• Slow to level.
• Hard to keep the reservists on task, since they'll need to do plenty of hauling to keep their workshop from becoming chokingly cluttered.
• Can be a logistical nightmare; making bins and organizing hauling for the finished goods can be insane if you're working from a gulag.
• Can be dangerous depending on the biome and location of your sweatshops.
• Note also that stone blocks cannot be made into furniture or stone crafts. This may or may not be an issue depending on where you're putting your gulag.

Dwarf Powered Mill (Template:L,Template:L,Template:L)

Start off by creating a surplus of Template:L, Template:L, and/or Template:L and some bags. Create multiple Template:L all close to the food stockpile which contains the millable plants. Next to this area make a Template:L assigned to an experienced cook. Enable milling for the dwarves you wish to cross-train and order the cook to make lavish meals. As long as your growers provide a steady supply of millable plants and your cook can empty out bags quick enough, the milling jobs will continue.
Pros:

• Produces a lot of wealth as flour is a high value ingredient
• Produces high amounts of food
• Sustains the training of non cross-training dwarves such as the cook and growers

Cons:

• Requires a surplus of millable plants to ensure continuous milling, thus you may need to increase the number of plots/growers
• If you don't have enough bags and your cook decides to go on break you may end up having job cancellations for the millers
• Dedicated haulers will be required to keep all workshops clutter free

Clear Cutting

As long as wood hauling is turned off, dwarves will move from one tree to the next without stopping to bring the wood back. On a heavily forested map, this means that dedicated wood cutters can skill up very quickly.

Of course, this training strategy isn't going endear you with the elves.

Pros:

• Works quickly
• Trees regrow
• Provides useful lumber to carpenters, charcoal makers, etc

Cons:

• Can cause problems with elves
• Map dependent
• Unless care is taken to only designate a small area for cutting, trainees and haulers can be spread out across the map while, making them vulnerable to creatures and ambushes.

Dorf Scouts (Template:L, Template:L, Template:L)

Marksdwarves are an important part of any military. A bum rush of low level marksdwarves is good, but not as effective as an elite backup squad! Here is what you can do: Draft a comfortable amount of dwarves to hunting, give them all cheap crossbows. Your dwarves should hunt as usual. But you are really training an elite squad of assassins, that will one day hunt goblins instead of groundhogs.

Pros:

• Easy to start.
• Lots of meat, bones and leather around.
• Aforementioned bones can be recycled to make new bolts.

Cons:

• Doesn't work on some maps.
• Hunting is dangerous!
• Not as economically productive as some other methods.

Charm School (Template:L)

(Note: Inspired by milaga's Real Wagon experiment, details of this technique are still being investigated.) This approach is less useful in the new version, as social skills will only produce "Soul" attribute gains. However, teaching your dwarfs social skills is useful for training replacement Brokers, and can possibly reduce the chances of tantrums in the fort (more dwarfs with high Consoler and Pacifier skill).

Set up a small space with food, booze, and a few beds/chairs/tables, stashing your new immigrants in it, and locking the door for a few seasons. (Be sure to turn off all of their labors and designate it as a meeting place.) With no labors enabled and nothing to do, they'll chat and party and quickly buff up their comedian, flatterer, conversationalist, &c. skills.

Pros:

• works on any map
• easy to set up
• trains many dwarves at once
• requires almost zero player oversight
• easily scales to any size of immigrant wave
• requires no resources the dwarves would not already be consuming (food, beds, &c)
• very safe
• no conflict with existing workshops or skills, unlike gulag or sweatshop

Cons:

• dwarves gain no professional skills during this time, and their existing ones may rust
• lowers physical attributes due to rust
• produces no trade goods or useful items for the fortress
• produces many romances and tight-knit friendships, which Template:L of suddenly having lots of Template:L
• inter-dwarf personality conflicts can produce early misery and tantrums. This can be prevented with quality furniture and food, and the risk is eliminated once friendships and relationships are formed and producing happy thoughts.
• unless the entrance and path from the exterior are carefully set up, you will probably have to draft new dwarves and station them in the charm school to move them there; this will produce an unhappy thought that can exacerbate the early period of tension

National self-defense training

Note: with the new military system, proper self-defense training is somewhat more complicated to set up, but allows much more effective reservist training once it's running. Make sure you're familiar with the {L|Scheduling} system before attempting this.

This is the process of training all your civilians in a basic military skill - or at least, most of them. Any time a dwarf is activated into the military, and they do not have at least Novice level in some combat skill, they get a bad thought. The easiest way to do this is to assign every new {L|migrant} to dedicated training Template:L, and assign that squad a barracks. Then, schedule these squads to Train one or more months in the year, and set all other months to "No Scheduled Order". Then go to the Squads menu and set the squad to "Active/Training". One month in six or one month in 12 will ensure skills don't get too rusty, as well as ensuring all dwarfs reach a basic level in soldiering. It is worth setting the "Train" order in the schedule to less than 10 minimum; this allows dwarfs to take time out to eat, drink, sleep...

Then, if they ever get caught where they don't want to be (maybe they bump into a thief coming around a corner, or a flying critter jumps them, or you need to urgently order them out of the path of a magma flood, or send them to the Template:L - anything), not only can you activate them with no bad thoughts, but every dwarf has a better chance at not-dying - which can only be a good thing. Moreover, idle dwarfs will now go to "Individual Combat Drill" rather than standing around timewasting.

Note: if you're feeling cheap, training squads can be set to "No Uniform". This will teach wrestling. However, it's probably a better idea to churn out some training weapons, wooden shields, and leather armour - this will ensure minimal sparring injuries, as well as teaching shield user and armour user.

Pros:

• works on any map
• easy to set up
• trains many dwarves at once
• requires almost zero player oversight once set up
• provides a ready supply of recruits for the military
• gives all physical attributes, kinestetic sense, willpower, and spacial sense
• idle dwarfs no longer get the chance to socialise and make friends, reducing the chance of tantrum spirals

Cons:

• dwarves gain no professional skills during this time
• produces no trade goods or useful items for the fortress
• produces negative thoughts at the outset (drafting)
• can take dwarfs out of civilian circulation unexpectedly, interrupting crucial projects
• headache to set up, especially with large forts
• requires production of training equipment, using up materials that could be used elsewhere

Overview

• The charm school can cross-train many dwarves in the many mental attributes, but produces no useful items, trade wealth, or professional skills. The method is also still being refined and potential pitfalls may still be uncovered.
• Artillery training can give you some siege operators, which will be useful if you have ballistae.
• The internship only trains up one dwarf at a time. Your stocks could also lag behind if you are unlucky.
• The gulag requires planning, and your dwarves in the fortress proper may run all the way to the gulag to grab a stone for some crafts, a chair, etc. It does, however, train your dwarves in mining quickly, which is always a useful skill.
• Renovation is hands-free, but may bloat your fortress wealth too quickly.
• The sweatshop creates a large amount of goods, which can be traded away to keep traders happy. It also increases your wealth by quite a lot, which can be good or bad depending upon your situation. The goods are also difficult to manage.

Note that the artillery training and internship don't take away Template:L potential (you can give those dwarves dabbling in anything you want and that's how they'll get theirs), while the gulag, renovation, and sweatshop do.

Military FAQ
How do I get my dwarves to fight?
Recruiting, equipping, and managing your military
How do I train my dwarves' martial skills?
How to train civilians into super-soldiers
How do I keep armor from slowing my soldiers down?
How do I train and deploy animals when needed?
Help! My civilians keep running into combat!
How do I remove weapons from caged prisoners?
Why can't I get my dwarves equipped?
How do I stop my marksdwarves from wrestling?
Why do my soldiers keep dropping their equipment?
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